{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T21:00:10Z","timestamp":1762376410705,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,20]],"date-time":"2018-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1529452800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,20]],"date-time":"2018-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1529452800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AR060231-05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AR060231-05"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med Inform Decis Mak"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-018-0618-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,20]],"date-time":"2018-06-20T10:57:21Z","timestamp":1529492241000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Use of feedback to improve mental number line representations in primary care clinics"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3733-2821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel F.","family":"Eyler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Cordes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benjamin R.","family":"Szymanski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liana","family":"Fraenkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"618_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"720","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/87.10.720","volume":"87","author":"WC Black","year":"1995","unstructured":"Black WC, Nease RF, Tosteson AN. Perceptions of breast cancer risk and screening effectiveness in women younger than 50 years of age. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1995;87:720\u201331.","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"618_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-127-11-199712010-00003","volume":"127","author":"LM Schwartz","year":"1997","unstructured":"Schwartz LM, Woloshin S, Black WC, Welch HG. The role of numeracy in understanding the benefit of screening mammography. Ann Intern Med. 1997;127:966\u201372.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"618_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1177\/0272989X13511705","volume":"34","author":"E Peters","year":"2014","unstructured":"Peters E, Hart PS, Tusler M, Fraenkel L. Numbers matter to informed patient choices a randomized design across age and numeracy levels. Med Decis Mak. 2014;34:430\u201342.","journal-title":"Med Decis Mak"},{"key":"618_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1002\/bdm.1751","volume":"26","author":"JA Weller","year":"2013","unstructured":"Weller JA, Dieckmann NF, Tusler M, Mertz C, Burns WJ, Peters E. Development and testing of an abbreviated numeracy scale: a Rasch analysis approach. J Behav Decis Mak. 2013;26:198\u2013212.","journal-title":"J Behav Decis Mak"},{"key":"618_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1037\/a0014474","volume":"28","author":"M Galesic","year":"2009","unstructured":"Galesic M, Garcia-Retamero R, Gigerenzer G. Using icon arrays to communicate medical risks: overcoming low numeracy. Health Psychol. 2009;28:210\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0014474 .","journal-title":"Health Psychol"},{"key":"618_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S47","DOI":"10.5993\/AJHB.31.s1.7","volume":"31","author":"A Fagerlin","year":"2007","unstructured":"Fagerlin A, Ubel PA, Smith DM, Zikmund-Fisher BJ. Making numbers matter: present and future research in risk communication. Am J Health Behav. 2007;31:S47\u201356.","journal-title":"Am J Health Behav"},{"key":"618_CR7","unstructured":"Lipkus IM, Hollands J. The visual communication of risk. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr. 1999;25:149\u201363."},{"key":"618_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.26.3.741","volume":"26","author":"E Peters","year":"2007","unstructured":"Peters E, Hibbard J, Slovic P, Dieckmann N. Numeracy skill and the communication, comprehension, and use of risk-benefit information. Health Aff (Millwood). 2007;26:741\u20138.","journal-title":"Health Aff (Millwood)"},{"key":"618_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.11.031","volume":"70","author":"R Garcia-Retamero","year":"2010","unstructured":"Garcia-Retamero R, Galesic M. Who proficts from visual aids: overcoming challenges in people's understanding of risks. Soc Sci Med. 2010;70:1019\u201325.","journal-title":"Soc Sci Med"},{"key":"618_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1177\/0956797613515485","volume":"25","author":"DR Schley","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schley DR, Peters E. Assessing \u201ceconomic value\u201d symbolic-number mappings predict risky and riskless valuations. Psychol Sci. 2014;25:753\u201361.","journal-title":"Psychol Sci"},{"key":"618_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9280.02438","volume":"14","author":"RS Siegler","year":"2003","unstructured":"Siegler RS, Opfer JE. The development of numerical estimation evidence for multiple representations of numerical quantity. Psychol Sci. 2003;14:237\u201350.","journal-title":"Psychol Sci"},{"key":"618_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1017\/S1930297500001571","volume":"3","author":"E Peters","year":"2008","unstructured":"Peters E, Slovic P, V\u00e4stfj\u00e4ll D, Mertz C. Intuitive numbers guide decisions. Judgm Decis Mak. 2008;3:619\u201335.","journal-title":"Judgm Decis Mak"},{"key":"618_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8624.2004.00684.x","volume":"75","author":"RS Siegler","year":"2004","unstructured":"Siegler RS, Booth JL. Development of numerical estimation in young children. Child Dev. 2004;75:428\u201344.","journal-title":"Child Dev"},{"key":"618_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cogpsych.2006.09.002","volume":"55","author":"JE Opfer","year":"2007","unstructured":"Opfer JE, Siegler RS. Representational change and children\u2019s numerical estimation. Cogn Psychol. 2007;55:169\u201395.","journal-title":"Cogn Psychol"},{"key":"618_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1177\/0272989X07303824","volume":"27","author":"BJ Zikmund-Fisher","year":"2007","unstructured":"Zikmund-Fisher BJ, Smith DM, Ubel PA, Fagerlin A. Validation of the subjective numeracy scale: effects of low numeracy on comprehension of risk communications and utility elicitations. Med Decis Mak. 2007;27:663\u201371.","journal-title":"Med Decis Mak"},{"key":"618_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1177\/0272989X0102100105","volume":"21","author":"IM Lipkus","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lipkus IM, Samsa G, Rimer BK. General performance on a numeracy scale among highly educated samples. Med Decis Mak. 2001;21:37\u201344.","journal-title":"Med Decis Mak"},{"key":"618_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2013.08.007","volume":"117","author":"EV Laski","year":"2014","unstructured":"Laski EV, Yu Q. Number line estimation and mental addition: examining the potential roles of language and education. J Exp Child Psychol. 2014;117:29\u201344.","journal-title":"J Exp Child Psychol"},{"key":"618_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-6916.2007.00025.x","volume":"2","author":"E Peters","year":"2007","unstructured":"Peters E, Hess TM, V\u00e4stfj\u00e4ll D, Auman C. Adult age differences in dual information processes: implications for the role of affective and deliberative processes in older adults' decision making. Perspect Psychol Sci. 2007;2:1\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1745-6916.2007.00025.x.","journal-title":"Perspect Psychol Sci"},{"key":"618_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.103.3.403","volume":"103","author":"TA Salthouse","year":"1996","unstructured":"Salthouse TA. The processing-speed theory of adult age differences in cognition. Psychol Rev. 1996;103:403\u201328.","journal-title":"Psychol Rev"},{"key":"618_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1037\/0882-7974.17.2.299","volume":"17","author":"DC Park","year":"2002","unstructured":"Park DC, Lautenschlager G, Hedden T, Davidson NS, Smith AD, Smith PK. Models of visuospatial and verbal memory across the adult life span. Psychol Aging. 2002;17:299\u2013320.","journal-title":"Psychol Aging"},{"key":"618_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.1177\/0272989X07304449","volume":"27","author":"A Fagerlin","year":"2007","unstructured":"Fagerlin A, Zikmund-Fisher BJ, Ubel PA, Jankovic A, Derry HA, Smith DM. Measuring numeracy without a math test: development of the subjective numeracy scale. Med Decis Mak. 2007;27:672\u201380.","journal-title":"Med Decis Mak"},{"key":"618_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-7687.2010.00962.x","volume":"14","author":"HC Barth","year":"2011","unstructured":"Barth HC, Paladino AM. The development of numerical estimation: evidence against a representational shift. Dev Sci. 2011;14:125\u201335.","journal-title":"Dev Sci"},{"key":"618_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1111\/desc.12165","volume":"17","author":"M Hurst","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hurst M, Monahan KL, Heller E, Cordes S. 123s and ABCs: developmental shifts in logarithmic-to-linear responding reflect fluency with sequence values. Dev Sci. 2014;17:892\u2013904.","journal-title":"Dev Sci"},{"key":"618_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8624.2008.01158.x","volume":"79","author":"JE Opfer","year":"2008","unstructured":"Opfer JE, Thompson CA. The trouble with transfer: insights from microgenetic changes in the representation of numerical magnitude. Child Dev. 2008;79:788\u2013804.","journal-title":"Child Dev."},{"key":"618_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2009.481","volume":"170","author":"M Galesic","year":"2010","unstructured":"Galesic M, Garcia-Retamero R. Statistical numeracy for health: a cross-cultural comparison with probabilistic national samples. Arch Intern Med. 2010;170:462\u20138.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"618_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jecp.2008.02.003","volume":"101","author":"CA Thompson","year":"2008","unstructured":"Thompson CA, Opfer JE. Costs and benefits of representational change: effects of context on age and sex differences in symbolic magnitude estimation. J Exp Child Psychol. 2008;101:20\u201351.","journal-title":"J Exp Child Psychol"},{"key":"618_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1177\/0272989X14532531","volume":"35","author":"L Fraenkel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fraenkel L, Cunningham M, Peters E. Subjective numeracy and preference to stay with the status quo. Med Decis Mak. 2015;35:6\u201311.","journal-title":"Med Decis Mak"}],"container-title":["BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12911-018-0618-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12911-018-0618-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12911-018-0618-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,3]],"date-time":"2023-09-03T07:55:43Z","timestamp":1693727743000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12911-018-0618-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,20]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}},"alternative-id":["618"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12911-018-0618-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6947"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1472-6947"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,20]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 February 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 May 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 June 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This study was reviewed by the Yale Human Subjects Committee (HSC # 1408014413) and was determined to be exempt. Subjects provided verbal informed consent before participating.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Publisher\u2019s Note"}}],"article-number":"40"}}