{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T16:19:21Z","timestamp":1784218761858,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,13]],"date-time":"2018-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1542067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003130","name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1S31417N"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1S31417N"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003130","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007229","name":"Bijzonder Onderzoeksfonds","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007229","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med Inform Decis Mak"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-018-0679-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,13]],"date-time":"2018-11-13T07:58:40Z","timestamp":1542095920000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["A decision support system to follow up and diagnose primary headache patients using semantically enriched data"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9531-0623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gilles","family":"Vandewiele","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Femke","family":"De Backere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiani","family":"Lannoye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maarten","family":"Vanden Berghe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Janssens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sofie","family":"Van Hoecke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Keereman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koen","family":"Paemeleire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Femke","family":"Ongenae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filip","family":"De Turck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"679_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102415580099","volume":"36","author":"N Abu Bakar","year":"2016","unstructured":"Abu Bakar N, Tanprawate S, Lambru G, Torkamani M, Jahanshahi M, Matharu M. Quality of life in primary headache disorders: a review. Cephalalgia. 2016; 36(1):67\u201391.","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"679_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1007\/978-88-470-1700-9_58","volume-title":"Handbook of Headache","author":"Timothy J. Steiner","year":"2011","unstructured":"Steiner TJ, Stovner LJ, Katsarava P-DDZ, Jensen R, Birbeck GL, Martelletti P. Lifting the burden: The global campaign against headache. 2011:737\u2013744."},{"key":"679_CR3","unstructured":"(WHO) WHO. Headache disorders. 2016. \n                    http:\/\/www.who.int\/en\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/headache-disorders\n                    \n                  . Accessed 31 Aug 2018."},{"issue":"4","key":"679_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2006.01184.x","volume":"13","author":"LJ Stovner","year":"2006","unstructured":"Stovner LJ, Zwart Ja, Hagen K, Terwindt GM, Pascual J. Epidemiology of headache in Europe. Eur J Neurol. 2006; 13(4):333\u201345.","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"issue":"10","key":"679_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2011.08.008","volume":"21","author":"A Gustavsson","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gustavsson A, Svensson M, Jacobi F, Allgulander C, Alonso J, Beghi E, Dodel R, Ekman M, Faravelli C, Fratiglioni L, et al. Cost of disorders of the brain in europe 2010. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2011; 21(10):718\u201379.","journal-title":"Eur Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"issue":"9","key":"679_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.1111\/head.12193","volume":"53","author":"JA Pareja","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pareja JA, \u00c1lvarez M. The usual treatment of trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias. Headache J Head Face Pain. 2013; 53(9):1401\u201314.","journal-title":"Headache J Head Face Pain"},{"issue":"1","key":"679_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-282X2006000100009","volume":"64","author":"AC Fel\u00edcio","year":"2006","unstructured":"Fel\u00edcio AC, Bichuetti DB, Santos WACd, Junior G, de Oliveira C, Marin LF, Carvalho DdS. Epidemiology of primary and secondary headaches in a brazilian tertiary-care center. Arq Neuropsiquiatr. 2006; 64(1):41\u201344.","journal-title":"Arq Neuropsiquiatr"},{"issue":"10053","key":"679_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31678-6","volume":"388","author":"T Vos","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vos T, Allen C, Arora M, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Brown A, Carter A, Casey DC, Charlson FJ, Chen AZ, et al.Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990\u20132015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. The Lancet. 2016; 388(10053):1545\u20131602.","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"10100","key":"679_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32130-X","volume":"390","author":"AA Abajobir","year":"2017","unstructured":"Abajobir AA, Abate KH, Abbafati C, Abbas KM, Abd-Allah F, Abdulkader RS, Abdulle AM, Abebo TA, Abera SF, Aboyans V, et al. Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (dalys) for 333 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (hale) for 195 countries and territories, 1990\u20132016: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2016. Lancet. 2017; 390(10100):1260\u2013344.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"679_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"International Headache Society: The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (beta version). Cephalalgia. 2013; 33(9):629\u2013808.","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102413485658"},{"issue":"1","key":"679_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1186\/1129-2377-14-97","volume":"14","author":"JY Al-Hashel","year":"2013","unstructured":"Al-Hashel JY, Ahmed SF, Alroughani R, Goadsby PJ. Migraine misdiagnosis as a sinusitis, a delay that can last for many years. J Headache Pain. 2013; 14(1):97.","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"issue":"12","key":"679_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2009.01874.x","volume":"29","author":"S Cevoli","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cevoli S, D\u2019amico D, Martelletti P, Valguarnera F, Del Bene E, De Simone R, Sarchielli P, Narbone M, Testa L, Genco S, et al. Underdiagnosis and undertreatment of migraine in italy: a survey of patients attending for the first time 10 headache centres. Cephalalgia. 2009; 29(12):1285\u201393.","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"issue":"8","key":"679_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2012.03681.x","volume":"19","author":"E Mehuys","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mehuys E, Paemeleire K, Van Hees T, Christiaens T, Van Bortel LM, Van Tongelen I, De Bolle L, Remon J-P, Boussery K. Self-medication of regular headache: a community pharmacy-based survey. Eur J Neurol. 2012; 19(8):1093\u20139.","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"679_CR14","first-page":"10","volume":"109","author":"E Van Alboom","year":"2009","unstructured":"Van Alboom E, Louis P, Van Zandijcke M, Crevits L, Vakaet A, Paemeleire K. Diagnostic and therapeutic trajectory of cluster headache patients in flanders. Acta Neurologica Belgica. 2009; 109(1):10.","journal-title":"Acta Neurologica Belgica"},{"issue":"8","key":"679_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.74.8.1123","volume":"74","author":"J Van Vliet","year":"2003","unstructured":"Van Vliet J, Eekers P, Haan J, Ferrari M. Features involved in the diagnostic delay of cluster headache. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2003; 74(8):1123\u20135.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"679_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1186\/1129-2377-15-56","volume":"15","author":"C Voiticovschi-Iosob","year":"2014","unstructured":"Voiticovschi-Iosob C, Allena M, De Cillis I, Nappi G, Sjaastad O, Antonaci F. Diagnostic and therapeutic errors in cluster headache: a hospital-based study. J Headache Pain. 2014; 15(1):56.","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"679_CR17","first-page":"3","volume":"8 Suppl 1","author":"TJ Steiner","year":"2007","unstructured":"Steiner TJ, Paemeleire K, Jensen R, Valade D, Savi L, Lainez MJ, Diener HC, Martelletti P, Couturier EG. European principles of management of common headache disorders in primary care. J Headache Pain. 2007; 8 Suppl 1:3\u201347.","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"issue":"1","key":"679_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6947-6-23","volume":"6","author":"SJ Lane","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lane SJ, Heddle NM, Arnold E, Walker I. A review of randomized controlled trials comparing the effectiveness of hand held computers with paper methods for data collection. BMC Med Inf Decis Making. 2006; 6(1):23.","journal-title":"BMC Med Inf Decis Making"},{"key":"679_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Smitherman TA. Diagnosis and clinical evaluation. In: Clinician\u2019s Manual on Migraine. Springer: 2016. p. 13\u201332.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-02777-7_2"},{"issue":"6","key":"679_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000052998.58526.A9","volume":"60","author":"N Giffin","year":"2003","unstructured":"Giffin N, Ruggiero L, Lipton R, Silberstein S, Tvedskov J, Olesen J, Altman J, Goadsby PJ, Macrae A. Premonitory symptoms in migraine an electronic diary study. Neurology. 2003; 60(6):935\u201340.","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"8","key":"679_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2006.01155.x","volume":"26","author":"G Nappi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nappi G, Jensen R, Nappi R, Sances G, Torelli P, Olesen J. Diaries and calendars for migraine. a review. Cephalalgia. 2006; 26(8):905\u201316.","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"issue":"7","key":"679_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1007\/s10194-012-0473-2","volume":"13","author":"M Allena","year":"2012","unstructured":"Allena M, Cuzzoni MG, Tassorelli C, Nappi G, Antonaci F. An electronic diary on a palm device for headache monitoring: a preliminary experience. J Headache Pain. 2012; 13(7):537\u201341.","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"issue":"3","key":"679_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2196\/mhealth.3452","volume":"2","author":"AS Hundert","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hundert AS, Huguet A, McGrath PJ, Stinson JN, Wheaton M. Commercially available mobile phone headache diary apps: a systematic review. JMIR mHealth uHealth. 2014; 2(3):1\u201313.","journal-title":"JMIR mHealth uHealth"},{"key":"679_CR24","unstructured":"Migraine Buddy. 2015. \n                    http:\/\/app.migrainebuddy.com\/\n                    \n                  . Accessed 31 Aug 2018."},{"key":"679_CR25","unstructured":"Froggyware: Headache Diary. 2015. \n                    http:\/\/froggyware.com\/\n                    \n                  . Accessed 31 Aug 2018."},{"key":"679_CR26","volume-title":"Visual analytics in healthcare\u2013opportunities and research challenges","author":"JJ Caban","year":"2015","unstructured":"Caban JJ, Gotz D. Visual analytics in healthcare\u2013opportunities and research challenges. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2015."},{"issue":"1","key":"679_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/s13336-015-0019-3","volume":"5","author":"C Castaneda","year":"2015","unstructured":"Castaneda C, Nalley K, Mannion C, Bhattacharyya P, Blake P, Pecora A, Goy A, Suh KS. Clinical decision support systems for improving diagnostic accuracy and achieving precision medicine. J Clin Bioinforma. 2015; 5(1):4.","journal-title":"J Clin Bioinforma"},{"key":"679_CR28","volume-title":"International Conference on Intelligent Computing","author":"R Keight","year":"2017","unstructured":"Keight R, Aljaaf AJ, Al-Jumeily D, Hussain AJ, \u00d6zge A, Mallucci C. An intelligent systems approach to primary headache diagnosis. In: International Conference on Intelligent Computing. Dordrecht: Springer: 2017. p. 61\u201372."},{"key":"679_CR29","volume-title":"Migraine Diagnosis Support System Based on Classifier Ensemble","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jackowski K, Jankowski D, Simi\u0107 D, Simi\u0107 S. In: Bogdanova AM, Gjorgjevikj D, (eds).Migraine Diagnosis Support System Based on Classifier Ensemble. Cham: Springer; 2015, pp. 329\u201339."},{"issue":"2","key":"679_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.2478\/s11536-012-0098-5","volume":"8","author":"B Krawczyk","year":"2013","unstructured":"Krawczyk B, Simi\u0107 D, Simi\u0107 S, Wo\u017aniak M. Automatic diagnosis of primary headaches by machine learning methods. Open Med. 2013; 8(2):157\u201365.","journal-title":"Open Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"679_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1166\/jmihi.2016.1930","volume":"6","author":"U Celik","year":"2016","unstructured":"Celik U, Yurtay N, Koc ER, Tepe N, Gulluoglu H, Ertas M. Migraine, tension-type and cluster-type of headaches classification by using immunos algorithms. J Med Imaging Health Informat. 2016; 6(5):1173\u20137.","journal-title":"J Med Imaging Health Informat"},{"issue":"5","key":"679_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4200","DOI":"10.3906\/elk-1612-178","volume":"25","author":"U Celik","year":"2017","unstructured":"Celik U, YURTAY N. An ant colony optimization algorithm-based classification for the diagnosis of primary headaches using a website questionnaire expert system. Turk J Electr Eng Comput Sci. 2017; 25(5):4200\u201310.","journal-title":"Turk J Electr Eng Comput Sci"},{"key":"679_CR33","volume-title":"Biomedical Engineering and Informatics (BMEI), 2014 7th International Conference on","author":"Z Yin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Yin Z, Min L, Lu X, Duan H. A clinical decision support system for primary headache disorder based on hybrid intelligent reasoning. In: Biomedical Engineering and Informatics (BMEI), 2014 7th International Conference on. New Jersey: IEEE: 2014. p. 683\u20137."},{"key":"679_CR34","first-page":"1022","volume":"192","author":"Z Yin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Yin Z, Dong Z, Yu S, Lu X, Feng G, Duan H. A guideline-based decision support system for headache diagnosis. Stud Health Technol Informat. 2013; 192:1022.","journal-title":"Stud Health Technol Informat"},{"issue":"1","key":"679_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-017-0434-4","volume":"17","author":"Y Garcia-Chimeno","year":"2017","unstructured":"Garcia-Chimeno Y, Garcia-Zapirain B, Gomez-Beldarrain M, Fernandez-Ruanova B, Garcia-Monco JC. Automatic migraine classification via feature selection committee and machine learning techniques over imaging and questionnaire data. BMC Med Inform Decis Making. 2017; 17(1):38.","journal-title":"BMC Med Inform Decis Making"},{"key":"679_CR36","volume-title":"European Semantic Web Conference","author":"G Vandewiele","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vandewiele G. Enhancing white-box machine learning processes by incorporating semantic background knowledge. In: European Semantic Web Conference. Dordrecht: Springer: 2017. p. 267\u201378."},{"key":"679_CR37","volume-title":"Semantic Computing (ICSC), 2015 IEEE International Conference On","author":"D Dou","year":"2015","unstructured":"Dou D, Wang H, Liu H. Semantic data mining: A survey of ontology-based approaches. In: Semantic Computing (ICSC), 2015 IEEE International Conference On. New Jersey: IEEE: 2015. p. 244\u201351."},{"key":"679_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.websem.2016.01.001","volume":"36","author":"P Ristoski","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ristoski P, Paulheim H. Semantic web in data mining and knowledge discovery: A comprehensive survey. Web Semant Sci Serv Agents World Wide Web. 2016; 36:1\u201322.","journal-title":"Web Semant Sci Serv Agents World Wide Web"},{"issue":"22","key":"679_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3610","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btx438","volume":"33","author":"D Ferranti","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ferranti D, Krane D, Craft D. The value of prior knowledge in machine learning of complex network systems. Bioinformatics. 2017; 33(22):3610\u20138. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btx438\n                    \n                  .","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"679_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kromp F, Ambros I, Weiss T, Bogen D, Dodig H, Berneder M, Gerber T, Taschner-Mandl S, Ambros P, Hanbury A. Machine learning framework incorporating expert knowledge in tissue image annotation. In: Pattern Recognition (ICPR), 2016 23rd International Conference on. IEEE: 2016. p. 343\u20138.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICPR.2016.7899657"},{"key":"679_CR41","first-page":"87","volume":"2015","author":"F Kuusisto","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kuusisto F, Dutra I, Elezaby M, Mendon\u00e7a EA, Shavlik J, Burnside ES. Leveraging expert knowledge to improve machine-learned decision support systems. AMIA Summits Transl Sci Proc. 2015; 2015:87.","journal-title":"AMIA Summits Transl Sci Proc"},{"key":"679_CR42","unstructured":"Gupta A. Market Share Alert: Preliminary, Mobile Phones, Worldwide, 1Q17. 2017. \n                    https:\/\/www.gartner.com\/doc\/3664335\/market-share-alert-preliminary-mobile\n                    \n                  . Accessed 31 Aug 2018."},{"key":"679_CR43","unstructured":"Adobe: PhoneGap. 2016. \n                    https:\/\/phonegap.com\/\n                    \n                  . Accessed 31 Aug 2018."},{"key":"679_CR44","volume-title":"Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning","author":"CM Bishop","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bishop CM. Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning. Dordrecht: Springer; 2006."},{"key":"679_CR45","unstructured":"Spackman KA, Campbell KE, C\u00f4t\u00e9 RA. SNOMED RT: a reference terminology for health care. In: Proceedings of the AMIA annual fall symposium: 1997. p. 640."},{"issue":"2","key":"679_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1109\/5254.671091","volume":"13","author":"J Yang","year":"1998","unstructured":"Yang J, Honavar V. Feature subset selection using a genetic algorithm. IEEE Intell Syst Appl. 1998; 13(2):44\u201349.","journal-title":"IEEE Intell Syst Appl"},{"issue":"1","key":"679_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2015.2483592","volume":"104","author":"M Nickel","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nickel M, Murphy K, Tresp V, Gabrilovich E. A review of relational machine learning for knowledge graphs. Proc IEEE. 2016; 104(1):11\u201333.","journal-title":"Proc IEEE"},{"issue":"Apr","key":"679_CR48","first-page":"1201","volume":"11","author":"SVN Vishwanathan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Vishwanathan SVN, Schraudolph NN, Kondor R, Borgwardt KM. Graph kernels. J Mach Learn Res. 2010; 11(Apr):1201\u201342.","journal-title":"J Mach Learn Res"},{"key":"679_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-30284-8_16","volume":"7295","author":"U L\u00f6sch","year":"2012","unstructured":"L\u00f6sch U, Bloehdorn S, Rettinger A. Graph kernels for RDF data. Semant Web Res Appl. 2012; 7295:134\u2013148.","journal-title":"Semant Web Res Appl"},{"key":"679_CR50","volume-title":"Joint European Conference on Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases","author":"GK de Vries","year":"2013","unstructured":"de Vries GK. A fast approximation of the Weisfeiler-Lehman graph kernel for RDF data. In: Joint European Conference on Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases. Dordrecht: Springer: 2013. p. 606\u201321."},{"issue":"9","key":"679_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2008.239","volume":"21","author":"H He","year":"2009","unstructured":"He H, Garcia EA. Learning from imbalanced data. IEEE Trans Knowl Data Eng. 2009; 21(9):1263\u201384.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Knowl Data Eng"},{"key":"679_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1613\/jair.953","volume":"16","author":"NV Chawla","year":"2002","unstructured":"Chawla NV, Bowyer KW, Hall LO, Kegelmeyer WP. Smote: synthetic minority over-sampling technique. J Artif Intell Res. 2002; 16:321\u201357.","journal-title":"J Artif Intell Res"},{"key":"679_CR53","volume-title":"Neural Networks, 2008. IJCNN 2008. (IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence). IEEE International Joint Conference on","author":"H He","year":"2008","unstructured":"He H, Bai Y, Garcia EA, Li S. Adasyn: Adaptive synthetic sampling approach for imbalanced learning. In: Neural Networks, 2008. IJCNN 2008. (IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence). IEEE International Joint Conference on. New Jersey: IEEE: 2008. p. 1322\u20138."},{"key":"679_CR54","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 22nd ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining","author":"MT Ribeiro","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ribeiro MT, Singh S, Guestrin C. Why should i trust you?: Explaining the predictions of any classifier. In: Proceedings of the 22nd ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. New York: ACM: 2016. p. 1135\u201344."},{"key":"679_CR55","unstructured":"Lundberg SM, Lee S-I. A unified approach to interpreting model predictions. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems: 2017. p. 4765\u20134774."},{"key":"679_CR56","unstructured":"Vidovic MM-C, G\u00f6rnitz N, M\u00fcller K-R, Kloft M. Feature importance measure for non-linear learning algorithms. arXiv preprint arXiv:1611.07567. 2016."},{"key":"679_CR57","unstructured":"Software P. Java Spring. 2018. \n                    http:\/\/spring.io\/\n                    \n                  . Accessed 31 Aug 2018."},{"key":"679_CR58","unstructured":"Inc. M. MongoDB. 2018. \n                    https:\/\/www.mongodb.com\/\n                    \n                  . Accessed 31 Aug 2018."},{"key":"679_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u00c7elik U, Yurtay N, Ko\u00e7 ER, Tepe N, G\u00fcll\u00fco\u011flu H, Erta\u015f M. Diagnostic accuracy comparison of artificial immune algorithms for primary headaches. Comput Math Methods Med. 2015;2015.","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/465192"},{"key":"679_CR60","unstructured":"Keras. 2015. \n                    https:\/\/keras.io\/\n                    \n                  . Accessed 29 Oct 2018."},{"key":"679_CR61","unstructured":"scikit-learn. 2018. \n                    http:\/\/scikit-learn.org\n                    \n                  . Accessed 31 Aug 2018."},{"key":"679_CR62","volume-title":"Classification and Regression Trees","author":"L Breiman","year":"1984","unstructured":"Breiman L, Friedman J, Olshen R, Stone C. Classification and Regression Trees. Monterey: Wadsworth and Brooks; 1984."},{"key":"679_CR63","volume-title":"C4.5: Programs for Machine Learning","author":"JR Quinlan","year":"1993","unstructured":"Quinlan JR. C4.5: Programs for Machine Learning. San Francisco: Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc.; 1993."},{"issue":"1","key":"679_CR64","first-page":"2349","volume":"14","author":"J Dem\u0161ar","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dem\u0161ar J, Curk T, Erjavec A, Gorup \u010c, Ho\u010devar T, Milutinovi\u010d M, Mo\u017eina M, Polajnar M, Toplak M, Stari\u010d A, et al. Orange: data mining toolbox in python. J Mach Learn Res. 2013; 14(1):2349\u201353.","journal-title":"J Mach Learn Res"},{"key":"679_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vandewiele G, Lannoye K, Janssens O, Ongenae F, De Turck F, Van Hoecke S. A genetic algorithm for interpretable model extraction from decision tree ensembles. In: Pacific-Asia Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining. Springer: 2017. p. 104\u2013115.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-67274-8_10"},{"issue":"5","key":"679_CR66","first-page":"1","volume":"45","author":"L Breiman","year":"1999","unstructured":"Breiman L. Random Forests. Mach Learn. 1999; 45(5):1\u201335.","journal-title":"Mach Learn"},{"key":"679_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen T, Guestrin C. Xgboost: A scalable tree boosting system. In: Proceedings of the 22nd acm sigkdd international conference on knowledge discovery and data mining. ACM: 2016. p. 785\u2013794.","DOI":"10.1145\/2939672.2939785"},{"key":"679_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-45014-9_1","volume":"1857","author":"TG Dietterich","year":"2000","unstructured":"Dietterich TG, et al. Ensemble methods in machine learning. Mult Classifier Syst. 2000; 1857:1\u201315.","journal-title":"Mult Classifier Syst"},{"issue":"5","key":"679_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1109\/34.589207","volume":"19","author":"F Esposito","year":"1997","unstructured":"Esposito F, Malerba D, Semeraro G, Kay J. A comparative analysis of methods for pruning decision trees. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell. 1997; 19(5):476\u201391.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell"},{"key":"679_CR70","unstructured":"Pumperla M. hyperas. 2018. \n                    http:\/\/maxpumperla.com\/hyperas\/\n                    \n                  . Accessed 31 Aug 2018."},{"issue":"1","key":"679_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1177\/001316446002000104","volume":"20","author":"J Cohen","year":"1960","unstructured":"Cohen J. A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales. Educ Psychol Meas. 1960; 20(1):37\u201346.","journal-title":"Educ Psychol Meas"},{"key":"679_CR72","unstructured":"rdflib. 2009. \n                    https:\/\/rdflib.readthedocs.io\/en\/stable\/\n                    \n                  . Accessed 31 Aug 2018."},{"issue":"2","key":"679_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2010.01841.x","volume":"51","author":"VT Martin","year":"2011","unstructured":"Martin VT. The diagnostic evaluation of secondary headache disorders. Headache J Head Face Pain. 2011; 51(2):346\u201352.","journal-title":"Headache J Head Face Pain"},{"key":"679_CR74","volume-title":"International Semantic Web Conference","author":"J Lehmann","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lehmann J, Sejdiu G, B\u00fchmann L, Westphal P, Stadler C, Ermilov I, Bin S, Chakraborty N, Saleem M, Ngomo A-CN, et al. Distributed semantic analytics using the sansa stack. In: International Semantic Web Conference. Dordrecht: Springer: 2017. p. 147\u201355."},{"key":"679_CR75","unstructured":"Union S. Stardog. 2017. \n                    https:\/\/www.stardog.com\/\n                    \n                  . Accessed 31 Aug 2018."}],"container-title":["BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12911-018-0679-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12911-018-0679-6\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12911-018-0679-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,12]],"date-time":"2019-11-12T19:12:43Z","timestamp":1573585963000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12911-018-0679-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,13]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}},"alternative-id":["679"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12911-018-0679-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6947"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6947","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 January 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 October 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 November 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"A request for data collection of patients in the University Hospital of Ghent was sent to their ethical committee and approved (B670201627535, project EC\/2016\/0172). Moreover, an informed consent was signed by every participant.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Publisher\u2019s Note"}}],"article-number":"98"}}