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A sample of electronic patient charts from one local clinic were manually reviewed to determine the positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of an ADHD case-finding algorithm. In each study year a practice population was determined, and the algorithm was used to measure an observed prevalence of ADHD. The observed prevalence was adjusted for misclassification, as measured by the validity indices, to obtain an estimate of the true prevalence. Estimates were calculated by age group (4\u201317\u2009year olds, 18 to 34\u2009year olds, and 35 to 64\u2009year olds) and gender, and compared over time.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The EMR algorithm had a PPV of 98.0% (95% CI [92.5, 99.5]) and an NPV of 95.0% (95% CI [92.9, 98.6]). After adjusting for misclassification, it was determined that the prevalence of patients with a clinical diagnosis of ADHD has risen in all age groups between 2008 and 2015, most notably in children and young adults (6.92, 95% CI [5.62, 8.39] to 8.57, 95% CI [7.32, 10.00]; 5.73, 95% CI [4.40, 7.23] to 7.33, 95% CI [6.04, 8.78], respectively). The well-established gender gap persisted in all age groups across time but was considerably smaller in older adults compared to children and young adults.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Overall, the ADHD case-finding algorithm was found to be a valid tool to assess the epidemiology of ADHD in Canadian primary care practice. The increased prevalence of ADHD between 2008 and 2015 may reflect an improvement in the recognition and treatment of this disorder within primary care.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-020-01182-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,20]],"date-time":"2020-07-20T11:03:32Z","timestamp":1595243012000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Validation of an EMR algorithm to measure the prevalence of ADHD in the Canadian Primary Care Sentinel Surveillance Network (CPCSSN)"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7023-1742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachael","family":"Morkem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenneth","family":"Handelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John A.","family":"Queenan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Birtwhistle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Barber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"1182_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1177\/070674371205700206","volume":"57","author":"MC Brault","year":"2012","unstructured":"Brault MC, Lacourse E. 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Ref #6020016.The data available within the CPCSSN database has received research ethics board (REB) approval in all jurisdictions where health data is collected. Permission to extract the clinical data is through provider consent to participate. Patients at each participating site are informed that their provider is participating through a patient information poster\/brochure, which explains that they have the right to opt-out by informing their provider or their local practice based research network. A waiver of informed individual consent is utilized by CPCSSN as data transferred to the database contained de-identified information (Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, and Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada, <i>Tri-Council Policy Statement: Ethical Conduct for Research Involving Humans<\/i>, December 2018<i>., Chapter 5, Section D: Consent and Secondary Use of Information for Research Purposes).<\/i>","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"DB and RM received a research grant from Shire Pharma Canada ULC, now part of Takeda, and from Medtronic Canada for an unrelated project. KH receives speaker\u2019s honoraria and is on the advisory board for Janssen, Purdue and Shire. RB has received research support from Merck Canada, Shire Canada and Eli Lily Canada for other unrelated projects. JQ has received research support funds from Shire Canada and Merck Canada for other unrelated projects.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"166"}}