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However, it is unclear how such information influences patients\u2019 risk interpretations compared to generic population-based risks, and which message format should be used to communicate such individualized statistics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A web-based experiment was conducted in which participants (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009141) read a hypothetical treatment decision-making scenario about four side effect risks of adjuvant chemotherapy for advanced colon cancer. Participants were cancer patients or survivors who were recruited from an online Dutch cancer patient panel. All participants received two tailored risks (of which the reference class was based on their age, gender and tumor stage) and two generic risks conveying the likelihood of experiencing the side effects. The risks were presented either in words-only (\u2018common\u2019 and \u2018very common\u2019), or in a combination of words\n                      <jats:italic>and<\/jats:italic>\n                      corresponding numerical estimates (\u2018common, 10 out of 100\u2019 and \u2018very common, 40 out of 100\u2019). Participants\u2019 estimation of the probability, accuracy of their estimation, and perceived likelihood of occurrence were primary outcomes. Perceived personal relevance and perceived uncertainty were secondary outcomes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Tailored risks were estimated as higher and less accurate than generic risks, but only when they were presented in words; Such differences were not found in the verbal and numerical combined condition. Although tailoring risks did not impact participants\u2019 perceived likelihood of occurrence, tailored risks were perceived as more personally relevant than generic risks in both message formats. Finally, tailored risks were perceived as less uncertain than generic risks, but only in the verbal-only condition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Considering current interest in the use of personalized decision aids for improving shared decision-making in oncology, it is important that clinicians consider\n                      <jats:italic>how<\/jats:italic>\n                      tailored risks of treatment side effects should be communicated to patients. We recommend both clinicians who communicate probability information during consultations, and decision aid developers, that verbal descriptors of tailored risks should be supported by numerical estimates of risks levels, to avoid overestimation of risks.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-020-01296-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,27]],"date-time":"2020-10-27T08:05:57Z","timestamp":1603785957000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Communicating tailored risk information of cancer treatment side effects: Only words or also numbers?"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8040-1207","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruben D.","family":"Vromans","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steffen C.","family":"Pauws","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadine","family":"Bol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lonneke V.","family":"van de Poll-Franse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emiel J.","family":"Krahmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"1296_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2016.10.008","volume":"100","author":"C Fletcher","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fletcher C, Flight I, Chapman J, Fennell K, Wilson C. 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