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A well trained imbalanced-learning model had a high sensitivity of 19\/21 (<jats:inline-formula><jats:alternatives><jats:tex-math>$$90.8\\%$$<\/jats:tex-math><mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                    <mml:mrow>\n                      <mml:mn>90.8<\/mml:mn>\n                      <mml:mo>%<\/mml:mo>\n                    <\/mml:mrow>\n                  <\/mml:math><\/jats:alternatives><\/jats:inline-formula>) for the identification of patients with fetal loss outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The misprediction of the two patients was explainable. Algorithm improvements in artificial neural network framework enhanced the identification in imbalanced learning problems and the external validation increased the reliability of algorithm.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The well-trained model was fully qualified to assist healthcare providers to make timely and accurate decisions.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-021-01486-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,13]],"date-time":"2021-04-13T02:02:58Z","timestamp":1618279378000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Learning from imbalanced fetal outcomes of systemic lupus erythematosus in artificial neural networks"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Jing-Hang","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhen","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jia-Yue","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Di","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"1486_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1897","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.02.063","volume":"192","author":"EF Chakravarty","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chakravarty EF, Col\u00f3n I, Langen ES, Nix DA, El-Sayed YY, Genovese MC, Druzin ML. 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As this was a retrospective observational study and no biological sample was involved, the Medical Ethics Committee of Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine granted a waiver for informed consent for this study. The patients were indicated by admission number, the privacy of patients (including name, telephone number and address) was not included in the data. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"127"}}