{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T04:41:02Z","timestamp":1772858462506,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,11]],"date-time":"2021-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1636588800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,11]],"date-time":"2021-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1636588800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology Grant","award":["20-44"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20-44"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med Inform Decis Mak"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In Japan, the number of older people with various health problems and difficulties in living is increasing. In order to practice patient-centered care for them, not only medical professionals but also multidisciplinary teams including care professionals and patients need to practice shared decision making (SDM) in the context of long-term care. For this reason, a measure of SDM in consultations with healthcare professionals (HCPs) other than physicians is needed. Therefore, this study aimed at adapting the patient and physician versions of the 9-item Shared Decision Making Questionnaire (SDM-Q-9, SDM-Q-Doc) for consultations with HCPs other than physicians in Japan.\n<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A pair of SDM measures that can be used by HCPs other than physicians, \u201cCare SDM-Questionnaire for care receivers (SDM-C-patient)\u201d and \u201cCare SDM-Questionnaire for care providers (SDM-C-provider)\u201d were prepared based on the Japanese versions of the SDM-Q-9 and SDM-Q-Doc. The internal consistency and conceptual structure of these measures were tested by secondary analysis of data from 496 participants from a workshop on SDM for different HCPs. Measurement invariance were tested by multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for the patient (SDM-C-patient and SDM-Q-9) and provider (SDM-C-provider vs. SDM-Q-Doc) versions.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Both the Japanese SDM-C-patient and SDM-C-provider demonstrated high internal consistencies (Cronbach\u2019s \u03b1 coefficient was 0.90 and McDonald\u2019s \u03c9 coefficient was 0.90 for both measures). CFA showed one-factor structures for both measures and original measures for physicians. Moreover, multigroup CFA showed configural and metric invariance between the novel care measures and original physician\u2019s measures.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Thus, the novel SDM measures for care providers in Japan as well as the original physician\u2019s measures could be used in training setting. As these measures were tested only in a training setting, their reliability and validity as new measures for care should be tested in a clinical setting in future.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-021-01683-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,11]],"date-time":"2021-11-11T13:02:24Z","timestamp":1636635744000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Adapting the patient and physician versions of the 9-item shared decision making questionnaire for other healthcare providers in Japan"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Yuko","family":"Goto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasuhiro","family":"Yamaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joji","family":"Onishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hidenori","family":"Arai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"H\u00e4rter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isabelle","family":"Scholl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Levente","family":"Kriston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hisayuki","family":"Miura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"1683_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2011.02.004","volume":"86","author":"B Chewning","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chewning B, Bylund CL, Shah B, Arora NK, Gueguen JA, Makoul G. Patient preferences for shared decisions: a systematic review. Patient Educ Couns. 2012;86:9\u201318.","journal-title":"Patient Educ Couns"},{"key":"1683_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leng G, Clark CI, Brian K, Partridge G. National commitment to shared decision making. BMJ. 2017;359:j4746.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j4746"},{"key":"1683_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.zefq.2017.05.006","volume":"123\u2013124","author":"M H\u00e4rter","year":"2017","unstructured":"H\u00e4rter M, Dirmaier J, Scholl I, Donner-Banzhoff N, Dierks ML, Eich W, et al. The long way of implementing patient-centered care and shared decision making in Germany. Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundhwes. 2017;123\u2013124:46\u201351.","journal-title":"Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundhwes"},{"key":"1683_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1109283","volume":"366","author":"MJ Barry","year":"2012","unstructured":"Barry MJ, Edgman-Levitan S. Shared decision making\u2013pinnacle of patient-centered care. N Engl J Med. 2012;366:780\u20131.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1683_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Elwyn G, Laitner S, Coulter A, Walker E, Watson P, Thomson R. Implementing shared decision making in the NHS. BMJ. 2010;341:c5146.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c5146"},{"key":"1683_CR6","unstructured":"Sakamoto H, Rahman M, Nomura S, Okamoto E, Koike S, Yasunaga H, et al. Japan health system review. World Health Organization. Regional Office for South-East Asia. https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/handle\/10665\/259941. Accessed 14 Feb 2021."},{"key":"1683_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012-016-0480-9","volume":"11","author":"G Elwyn","year":"2016","unstructured":"Elwyn G, Frosch DL, Kobrin S. Implementing shared decision-making: consider all the consequences. Implement Sci. 2016;11:114.","journal-title":"Implement Sci"},{"key":"1683_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1097\/HCO.0000000000000484","volume":"33","author":"J Macivera","year":"2018","unstructured":"Macivera J, Ross HJ. A palliative approach for heart failure end-of-life care. Curr Opin Cardiol. 2018;33:202\u20137.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Cardiol"},{"key":"1683_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1177\/0269216315583446","volume":"30","author":"MS Weaver","year":"2016","unstructured":"Weaver MS, Heinze KE, Bell CJ, Wiener L, Garee AM, Kelly KP, et al. Establishing psychosocial palliative care standards for children and adolescents with cancer and their families: an integrative review. Palliat Med. 2016;30:212\u201323.","journal-title":"Palliat Med"},{"key":"1683_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kriston L, Scholl I, H\u00f6lzel L, Simon D, Loh A, H\u00e4rter M. The 9-item Shared Decision Making Questionnaire (SDM-Q-9). Development and psychometric properties in a primary care sample. Patient Educ Couns. 2010;80:94\u20139.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2009.09.034"},{"key":"1683_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2012.03.005","volume":"88","author":"I Scholl","year":"2012","unstructured":"Scholl I, Kriston L, Dirmaier J, Buchholz A, H\u00e4rter M. Development and psychometric properties of the Shared Decision Making Questionnaire\u2013physician version (SDM-Q-Doc). Patient Educ Couns. 2012;88:284\u201390.","journal-title":"Patient Educ Couns"},{"key":"1683_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2016.3365","volume":"143","author":"P Hong","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hong P, Maguire E, Purcell M, Ritchie KC, Chorney J. Decision-making quality in parents considering adenotonsillectomy or tympanostomy tube insertion for their children. JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2017;143:260\u20136.","journal-title":"JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"1683_CR13","unstructured":"SDM-Q-9\/SDM-Q-Doc. The 9-item shared decision making site. http:\/\/www.patient-als-partner.de\/index.php?article_id=20&clang=2\/. Accessed 14 Feb 2021."},{"key":"1683_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Doherr H, Christalle E, Kriston L, et al. Use of the 9-item Shared Decision Making Questionnaire (SDM-Q-9 and SDM-Q-Doc) in intervention studies\u2014a systematic review. PLoS ONE. 2017;12(3):e0173904.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0173904"},{"key":"1683_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"The Japan Geriatrics Society Subcommittee on End-of-Life Issues. The Japan Geriatrics Society \u201cRecommendations for the Promotion of Advance Care Planning\u201d Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ggi.14042.","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.14042"},{"key":"1683_CR16","unstructured":"Committee for making a Proposal for the Shared Decision-Making Process Regarding Initiation and Continuation of Dialysis. Proposal for the shared decision-making process regarding initiation and continuation of dialysis. J. Jpn. Soc. Dial. Therapy. 2020;53:173\u2013217."},{"key":"1683_CR17","unstructured":"The Japan Shared Decision Making Collaborative for Chronic Kidney Disease Site, Page for Action. https:\/\/www.ckdsdm.jp\/work\/work.html. Accessed 14 Feb 2021."},{"key":"1683_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.5630\/jans.35.277","volume":"35","author":"Y Kawasaki","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kawasaki Y. Development of nursing shared-structured decision-making model to support cancer patients. J Jpn Acad Nurs Sci. 2015;35:277\u201385.","journal-title":"J. Jpn. Acad. Nurs. Sci."},{"key":"1683_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.31662\/jmaj.2019-0069","volume":"3","author":"Y Goto","year":"2020","unstructured":"Goto Y, Miura H, Son D, Arai H, Kriston L, Scholl I, et al. Psychometric evaluation of the Japanese 9-Item shared decision-making questionnaire and its association with decision conflict and patient factors in Japanese primary care. JMA J. 2020;3:208\u201315.","journal-title":"JMA J"},{"key":"1683_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Goto Y, Miura H, Son D, Scholl I, Kriston L, Harter M, et al. Association between physicians' and patients' perspectives of shared decision making in primary care settings in Japan: the impact of environmental factors. PLoS ONE. 2021;16:e0246518.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0246518"},{"key":"1683_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2006.04.012","volume":"63","author":"D Simon","year":"2006","unstructured":"Simon D, Schorr G, Wirtz M, Vodermaier A, Caspari C, Neuner B, et al. Development and first validation of the shared decision-making questionnaire (SDM-Q). Patient Educ Couns. 2006;63:319\u201327.","journal-title":"Patient Educ Couns"},{"key":"1683_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Charles C, Gafni A, Whelan T. Shared decision-making in the medical encounter: what does it mean? (or it takes at least two to tango) Soc Sci Med. 1997;44:681\u201392.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(96)00221-3"},{"key":"1683_CR23","unstructured":"Toyoda H. Covariance structure analysis [R] edition\u2014structural equation modeling. tokyo: Tokyo Tosho Co., Ltd.; 2014."},{"key":"1683_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1080\/10705510701301834","volume":"14","author":"FF Chen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Chen FF. Sensitivity of goodness of fit indexes to lack of measurement invariance. Struct Equ Modeling. 2007;14:464\u2013504.","journal-title":"Struct Equ Modeling"},{"key":"1683_CR25","unstructured":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Ethical guideline for medical and health research involving human subjects, partial amendment. https:\/\/www.mhlw.go.jp\/content\/000757566.pdf. Accessed 07 Sep 2021."},{"key":"1683_CR26","unstructured":"Guidance on ethical guideline for medical and health research involving human subjects (April 16, 2021). https:\/\/www.mhlw.go.jp\/content\/000769923.pdf. Accessed 07 Sep 2021."},{"key":"1683_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.zefq.2012.03.021","volume":"106","author":"L Kriston","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kriston L, Harter M, Scholl I. A latent variable framework for modeling dyadic measures in research on shared decision-making. Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundhwes. 2012;106:253\u201363.","journal-title":"Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundhwes"},{"key":"1683_CR28","first-page":"85","volume-title":"APA handbook of industrial and organizational psychology","author":"D Chan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chan D. Advances in analytical strategies. In: Zedeck S, editor. APA handbook of industrial and organizational psychology, vol. 1. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association; 2011. p. 85\u2013113."},{"key":"1683_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1177\/109442810031002","volume":"2","author":"RJ Vandenberg","year":"2000","unstructured":"Vandenberg RJ, Lance CE. A review and systhesis of the measurement invariance literature: suggestions, practices, and recommendations for organizational research. Organ Res Methods. 2000;2:4\u201369.","journal-title":"Organ Res Methods"},{"key":"1683_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1177\/0013164413498257","volume":"74","author":"L Rutkowski","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rutkowski L, Svetina D. Assessing the hypothesis of measurement invariance in the context of large-scale international surveys. Educ Psychol Meas. 2014;74:31\u201357.","journal-title":"Educ Psychol Meas"},{"key":"1683_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1207\/S15328007SEM0902_5","volume":"9","author":"GW Cheung","year":"2002","unstructured":"Cheung GW, Rensvold RB. Evaluating goodness-of-fit indexes for testing measurement invariance. Struct Equ Modeling. 2002;9:233\u201355.","journal-title":"Struct Equ Modeling"},{"key":"1683_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.93.3.568","volume":"93","author":"AW Meade","year":"2008","unstructured":"Meade AW, Johnson EC, Braddy PW. Power and sensitivity of alternative fit indices in tests of measurement invariance. J Appl Psychol. 2008;93:568\u201392.","journal-title":"J Appl Psychol"},{"key":"1683_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Doherr H, Christalle E, Kriston L, H\u00e4rter M, Scholl I. Use of the 9-item Shared Decision Making Questionnaire (SDM-Q-9 and SDM-Q-Doc) in intervention studies-A systematic review. PLoS ONE. 2017;12:e0173904.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0173904"},{"key":"1683_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M\u00fcller E, Strukava A, Scholl I, H\u00e4rter M, Diouf NT, L\u00e9gar\u00e9 F, et al. Strategies to evaluate healthcare provider trainings in shared decision-making (SDM): a systematic review of evaluation studies. BMJ Open. 2019;9:e026488.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-026488"},{"key":"1683_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-020-01197-9","volume":"20","author":"MA Lawani","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lawani MA, C\u00f4t\u00e9 L, Coudert L, Morin M, Witteman HO, Caron D, et al. Professional training on shared decision making with older adults living with neurocognitive disorders: a mixed-methods implementation study. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak. 2020;20:189.","journal-title":"BMC Med Inform Decis Mak"},{"issue":"11","key":"1683_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1753","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2016.06.008","volume":"99","author":"NT Diouf","year":"2016","unstructured":"Diouf NT, Menear M, Robitaille H, et al. Training health professionals in shared decision making: update of an international environmental scan. Patient Educ Couns. 2016;99(11):1753\u20138.","journal-title":"Patient Educ Couns"},{"key":"1683_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1853","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0000000000003737","volume":"95","author":"SB Johnson","year":"2020","unstructured":"Johnson SB, Fair MA, Howley LD, et al. Teaching public and population health in medical education: an evaluation framework. Acad Med. 2020;95:1853\u201363.","journal-title":"Acad Med"},{"key":"1683_CR38","first-page":"266","volume":"8","author":"SY Hsu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hsu SY. Evaluating a continuing medical education program: New World Kirkpatrick Model. Int J Manag Econ Soc Sci. 2019;8:266\u201379.","journal-title":"Int J Manag Econ Soc Sci"},{"key":"1683_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1097\/CIN.0000000000000420","volume":"36","author":"S Luo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Luo S, Yang HH. Using technologies in nursing research education: a mixed methods case study. Comput Inform Nurs. 2018;36:293\u2013304.","journal-title":"Comput Inform Nurs"},{"key":"1683_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nightingale J, Fowler-Davis S, Grafton K, et al. The role of allied health professions and nursing research internships in developing a research culture: a mixed-methods exploration of stakeholder perspectives. Health Res Policy Syst. 2020;18:122.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12961-020-00638-1"}],"container-title":["BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12911-021-01683-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12911-021-01683-8\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12911-021-01683-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,11]],"date-time":"2021-11-11T13:02:33Z","timestamp":1636635753000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12911-021-01683-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,11]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1683"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12911-021-01683-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6947"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6947","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 May 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 November 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 November 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study involved the secondary usage of data provided after the workshops conducted at the training sites in Aichi Prefecture, and the analyzed data were entirely anonymized and included no information that could be used to identify specific individuals. Therefore, this study was not considered to be subject to ethical review according to the Ethical Guidelines for Medical and Health Research Involving Human Subjects by the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry and the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare [, ].","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The data supporting the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author YG on request.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Availability of data and materials"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"314"}}