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However, collection of information from large numbers of CMR reports by manual review is time-consuming, error-prone and costly. Natural language processing (NLP) is an artificial intelligence method for automated extraction of information from narrative text including text in CMR reports in electronic health records (EHR). Our objective was to assess whether NLP can accurately extract diagnosis of HCM from CMR reports.\n<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>An NLP system with two tiers was developed for information extraction from narrative text in CMR reports; the first tier extracted information regarding HCM diagnosis while the second extracted categorical and numeric concepts for HCM classification. We randomly allocated 200 HCM patients with CMR reports from 2004 to 2018 into training (100 patients with 185 CMR reports) and testing sets (100 patients with 206 reports).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>NLP algorithms demonstrated very high performance compared to manual annotation. The algorithm to extract HCM diagnosis had accuracy of 0.99. The accuracy for categorical concepts included HCM morphologic subtype 0.99, systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve 0.96, mitral regurgitation 0.93, left ventricular (LV) obstruction 0.94, location of obstruction 0.92, apical pouch 0.98, LV delayed enhancement 0.93, left atrial enlargement 0.99 and right atrial enlargement 0.98. Accuracy for numeric concepts included maximal LV wall thickness 0.96, LV mass 0.99, LV mass index 0.98, LV ejection fraction 0.98 and right ventricular ejection fraction 0.99.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>NLP identified and classified HCM from CMR narrative text reports with very high performance.\n<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-022-02017-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,18]],"date-time":"2022-10-18T14:04:08Z","timestamp":1666101848000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Natural language processing for identification of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients from cardiac magnetic resonance reports"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Nakeya","family":"Dewaswala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"David","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Huzefa","family":"Bhopalwala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Vinod C.","family":"Kaggal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sean P.","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J. Martijn","family":"Bos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jeffrey B.","family":"Geske","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Bernard J.","family":"Gersh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Steve R.","family":"Ommen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Philip A.","family":"Araoz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Ackerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Adelaide M.","family":"Arruda-Olson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"25","key":"2017_CR1","first-page":"e558","volume":"142","author":"SR Ommen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ommen SR, et al. 2020 AHA\/ACC Guideline for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients with Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. 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All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations (eg. Helsinki declaration). All patients agreed to have their medical records used for research. The Mayo Clinic Institutional Review Board waived the need for informed consent.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"272"}}