{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T09:39:32Z","timestamp":1769852372900,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,13]],"date-time":"2023-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686614400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,13]],"date-time":"2023-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686614400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med Inform Decis Mak"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Reduced or absence of melanin poses physical, social, and psychological challenges to individuals with albinism. Mobile health (mHealth) applications have the potential to improve the accessibility of information and services while reducing time and costs. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a mHealth application for self-management of albinism.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>This applied study was conducted in two stages (development and evaluation) in 2022. Initially, the functional requirements were determined, and the conceptual model of the application was then developed using Microsoft Visio 2021. In the second phase, the application was evaluated using the Mobile Application Usability Questionnaire (MAUQ) involving patients with albinism to reflect their views on the usability of the application.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The key capabilities of the application included: reminders, alerts, educational content, useful links, storage and exchange of images of skin lesions, specialist finder, and notifications for albinism-relevant events. Twenty-one users with albinism participated in the usability testing of the application. The users were predominantly satisfied with the application (5.53\u2009\u00b1\u20091.10; Max: 7.00).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The findings of this study suggest that the developed mobile application could assist individuals with albinism to effectively manage their condition by considering the users\u2019 requirements and services that the application should deliver.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-023-02202-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,13]],"date-time":"2023-06-13T10:02:06Z","timestamp":1686650526000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Development and usability evaluation of a mHealth application for albinism self-management"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Saman","family":"Mortezaei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Reza","family":"Rabiei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Farkhondeh","family":"Asadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Hassan","family":"Emami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2202_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12982","author":"A Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2021","unstructured":"Fern\u00e1ndez A, Hayashi M, Garrido G, Montero A, Guardia A, Suzuki T, Montoliu L. Genetics of non-syndromic and syndromic oculocutaneous albinism in human and mouse. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. 2021. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pcmr.12982.","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2202_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-1172-2-43","volume":"2","author":"K Gr\u00f8nskov","year":"2007","unstructured":"Gr\u00f8nskov K, Ek J, Brondum-Nielsen K. Oculocutaneous albinism. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2007;2(1):43. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1750-1172-2-43.","journal-title":"Orphanet J Rare Dis"},{"issue":"11","key":"2202_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1007\/s00105-017-4061-x","volume":"68","author":"AS Kubasch","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kubasch AS, Meurer M. [Oculocutaneous and ocular albinism]. Hautarzt. 2017;68(11):867\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00105-017-4061-x.","journal-title":"Hautarzt"},{"issue":"6","key":"2202_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1097\/00008480-199912000-00016","volume":"11","author":"WS Oetting","year":"1999","unstructured":"Oetting WS, Albinism. Curr Opin Pediatr. 1999;11(6):565\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00008480-199912000-00016.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pediatr"},{"issue":"5","key":"2202_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abd.2019.09.023","volume":"94","author":"CR Mar\u00e7on","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mar\u00e7on CR, Maia M. Albinism: epidemiology, genetics, cutaneous characterization, psychosocial factors. An Bras Dermatol. 2019;94(5):503\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.abd.2019.09.023.","journal-title":"An Bras Dermatol"},{"issue":"1781","key":"2202_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"20132955","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2013.2955","volume":"281","author":"M Greaves","year":"2014","unstructured":"Greaves M. Was skin cancer a selective force for black pigmentation in early hominin evolution? Proc Biol Sci. 2014;281(1781):20132955. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rspb.2013.2955.","journal-title":"Proc Biol Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"2202_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1177\/0145482X1811200602","volume":"112","author":"AL Corn","year":"2018","unstructured":"Corn AL, Lusk KE. Reports from parents about Medical and Low Vision Services for their children with albinism: an analysis. J Vis Impair Blind. 2018;112(6):655\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0145482X1811200602.","journal-title":"J Vis Impair Blind"},{"issue":"3","key":"2202_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1037\/0090-5550.52.3.263","volume":"52","author":"N Estrada-Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"2007","unstructured":"Estrada-Hern\u00e1ndez N, Harper DC. Research on psychological and personal aspects of albinism: a critical review. Rehabil Psychol. 2007;52(3):263\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0090-5550.52.3.263.","journal-title":"Rehabil Psychol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2202_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1076\/opge.24.3.167.15605","volume":"24","author":"O Camand","year":"2003","unstructured":"Camand O, Boutboul S, Arbogast L, Roche O, Sternberg C, Sutherland J, Levin A, H\u00e9on E, Menasche M, Dufier J, Abitbol M. Mutational analysis of the OA1 gene in ocular albinism. Ophthalmic Genet. 2003;24(3):167\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1076\/opge.24.3.167.15605.","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Genet"},{"issue":"12","key":"2202_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4358","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.05-0834","volume":"46","author":"K Cortese","year":"2005","unstructured":"Cortese K, Giordano F, Surace EM, Venturi C, Ballabio A, Tacchetti C, Marigo V. The ocular albinism type 1 (OA1) gene controls melanosome maturation and size. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2005;46(12):4358\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/iovs.05-0834.","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"2202_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1111\/pcmr.12927","volume":"34","author":"K Okamura","year":"2021","unstructured":"Okamura K, Suzuki T. Current landscape of oculocutaneous albinism in Japan. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. 2021;34(2):190\u2013203. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pcmr.12927.","journal-title":"Pigment Cell Melanoma Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"2202_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.4103\/2141-9248.157503","volume":"5","author":"CM Attama","year":"2015","unstructured":"Attama CM, Uwakwe R, Onyeama GM, Igwe MN. Psychiatric Morbidity among subjects with leprosy and albinism in South East Nigeria: a comparative study. Ann Med Health Sci Res. 2015;5(3):197\u2013204. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/2141-9248.157503.","journal-title":"Ann Med Health Sci Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2202_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-6-212\/TABLES\/1","volume":"6","author":"ES Hong","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hong ES, Zeeb H, Repacholi MH. Albinism in Africa as a public health issue. BMC Public Health. 2006;6(1):1\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2458-6-212\/TABLES\/1. [cited 2021 Nov 27].","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"2202_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1370","DOI":"10.1200\/GO.20.00264","volume":"6","author":"F Rubagumya","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rubagumya F, Nyagabona SK, Longombe AN, Manirakiza A, Ngowi J, Maniragaba T, Sabushimike D, Urusaro S, Ndoli DA, Dharsee N, Mwaiselage J, Mavura D, Hanna TP, Hammad N. Feasibility study of a Smartphone application for detecting skin cancers in people with albinism. JCO Glob Oncol. 2020;6(8):1370\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1200\/GO.20.00264.","journal-title":"JCO Glob Oncol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2202_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.me.41.020190.001215","volume":"41","author":"BA Gilchrest","year":"1990","unstructured":"Gilchrest BA. Actinic Injury. Annu Rev Med. 1990;41(1):199\u2013210. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev.me.41.020190.001215.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Med"},{"issue":"9","key":"2202_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.1999.03478.x","volume":"14","author":"LS Goldman","year":"1999","unstructured":"Goldman LS, Nielsen NH, Champion HC. Awareness, diagnosis, and treatment of depression. J Gen Intern Med. 1999;14(9):569\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1525-1497.1999.03478.x.","journal-title":"J Gen Intern Med"},{"issue":"Suppl 8","key":"2202_CR17","first-page":"17","volume":"63","author":"JM Gorman","year":"2002","unstructured":"Gorman JM. Treatment of generalized anxiety disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 2002;63(Suppl 8):17\u201323.","journal-title":"J Clin Psychiatry"},{"key":"2202_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Masika MM, Omondi GB, Natembeya DS, Mugane EM, Bosire KO, Kibwage IO. Use of mobile learning technology among final year medical students in Kenya. Pan Afr Med J. 2015;21. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11604\/pamj.2015.21.127.6185.","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2015.21.127.6185"},{"key":"2202_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"World Health Organization. mHealth: New horizons for health through mobile technologies. Observatory. 2011;3. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4258\/hir.2012.18.3.231.","DOI":"10.4258\/hir.2012.18.3.231"},{"issue":"9","key":"2202_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2014.758","volume":"150","author":"EJ Coups","year":"2014","unstructured":"Coups EJ, Ritterband LM. Dermatology mobile applications: more than just patient education. JAMA dermatology. 2014;150(9):1027\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamadermatol.2014.758.","journal-title":"JAMA dermatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"2202_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1177\/0145482X1711100402","volume":"111","author":"N Griffin-Shirley","year":"2017","unstructured":"Griffin-Shirley N, Banda DR, Ajuwon PM, Cheon J, Lee J, Park HR, Lyngdoh SN. A Survey on the Use of Mobile Applications for People who are visually impaired. J Vis Impair Blind. 2017;111(4):307\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0145482X1711100402.","journal-title":"J Vis Impair Blind"},{"issue":"3","key":"2202_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1037\/pro0000122","volume":"48","author":"JHL Lui","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lui JHL, Marcus DK, Barry CT. Evidence-based apps? A review of mental health mobile applications in a psychotherapy context. Prof Psychol Res Pract. 2017;48(3):199\u2013210. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/pro0000122.","journal-title":"Prof Psychol Res Pract"},{"issue":"6","key":"2202_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0234352","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0234352","volume":"15","author":"AR Ali","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ali AR, Li J, O\u2019Shea SJ. Towards the automatic detection of skin lesion shape asymmetry, color variegation and diameter in dermoscopic images. PLoS ONE. 2020;15(6):e0234352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0234352.","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"4","key":"2202_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e11500","DOI":"10.2196\/11500","volume":"7","author":"L Zhou","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhou L, Bao J, Setiawan IMA, Saptono A, Parmanto B. The mHealth App Usability Questionnaire (MAUQ): Development and Validation Study. JMIR mHealth uHealth. 2019;7(4):e11500. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/11500.","journal-title":"JMIR mHealth uHealth"},{"issue":"6","key":"2202_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e37779","DOI":"10.2196\/37779","volume":"6","author":"KKK Htet","year":"2022","unstructured":"Htet KKK, Phyu AN, Thwin T, Chongsuvivatwong V. Mobile Health App for Tuberculosis Screening and Compliance to undergo chest X-ray examination among presumptive cases detected by the app in Myanmar: Usability Study. JMIR Form Res. 2022;6(6):e37779. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/37779.","journal-title":"JMIR Form Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"2202_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e24457","DOI":"10.2196\/24457","volume":"9","author":"N Mustafa","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mustafa N, Safii NS, Jaffar A, Sani NS, Mohamad MI, Abd Rahman AH, Mohd Sidik S. Malay version of the mHealth App Usability Questionnaire (M-MAUQ): translation, adaptation, and Validation Study. JMIR mHealth uHealth. 2021;9(2):e24457. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/24457.","journal-title":"JMIR mHealth uHealth"},{"issue":"3","key":"2202_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1007\/s13142-013-0208-1","volume":"3","author":"DB Buller","year":"2013","unstructured":"Buller DB, Berwick M, Shane J, Kane I, Lantz K, Buller MK. User-centered development of a smart phone mobile application delivering personalized real-time advice on sun protection. Transl Behav Med. 2013;3(3):326\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13142-013-0208-1.","journal-title":"Transl Behav Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"2202_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2014.3889","volume":"151","author":"DB Buller","year":"2015","unstructured":"Buller DB, Berwick M, Lantz K, Buller MK, Shane J, Kane I, Liu X. Smartphone mobile application delivering personalized, real-time sun protection advice: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA dermatology. 2015;151(5):497\u2013504. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamadermatol.2014.3889.","journal-title":"JAMA dermatology"},{"key":"2202_CR29","unstructured":"Einollahi N, Safdari R, Gholamzadeh M, Haghshenas E, Masourian H. An overview of the features and content of Dermatology Mobile Applications. Payavard Salamat. 2020;14(4)."},{"issue":"2","key":"2202_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.4103\/ojo.OJO_226_2018","volume":"12","author":"SK Karthikeyan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Karthikeyan SK, Thangarajan R, Theruvedhi N, Srinivasan K. Android mobile applications in eye care. Oman J Ophthalmol. 2019;12(2):73\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ojo.OJO_226_2018.","journal-title":"Oman J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2202_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/9968451","volume":"2021","author":"K Moulaei","year":"2021","unstructured":"Moulaei K, Sheikhtaheri A, Ghafaripour Z, Bahaadinbeigy K. The Development and Usability Assessment of an mHealth Application to encourage self-care in pregnant women against COVID-19. Karjalainen PA, editor. J Healthc Eng. 2021;2021:1\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2021\/9968451.","journal-title":"J Healthc Eng"},{"issue":"1","key":"2202_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-022-01793-x","volume":"22","author":"M Langarizadeh","year":"2022","unstructured":"Langarizadeh M, Fatemi Aghda SA, Nadjarzadeh A. Design and evaluation of a mobile-based nutrition education application for infertile women in Iran. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak. 2022;22(1):58. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12911-022-01793-x.","journal-title":"BMC Med Inform Decis Mak"},{"issue":"2","key":"2202_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2019.09.001","volume":"65","author":"DT Hogarty","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hogarty DT, Hogarty JP, Hewitt AW. Smartphone use in ophthalmology: what is their place in clinical practice? Surv Ophthalmol. 2020;65(2):250\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.survophthal.2019.09.001.","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"10","key":"2202_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1089\/tmj.2017.0220","volume":"24","author":"N Paudel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Paudel N. Smartphone applications for Amblyopia Treatment: a review of current apps and professional involvement. Telemed J E Health. 2018;24(10):797\u2013802. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/tmj.2017.0220.","journal-title":"Telemed J E Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"2202_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2016.18.2\/parean","volume":"18","author":"PA Are\u00e0n","year":"2016","unstructured":"Are\u00e0n PA, Hoa Ly K, Andersson G. Mobile technology for mental health assessment. Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2016;18(2):163\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.31887\/DCNS.2016.18.2\/parean.","journal-title":"Dialogues Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"2202_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Meryk A, Kropshofer G, Hetzer B, Riedl D, Lehmann J, Rumpold G, Haid A, Holzner B, Crazzolara R. Implementation of daily patient-reported outcome measurements to support children with cancer. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2021;68(11). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/pbc.29279.","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.29279"},{"key":"2202_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bin Azhar FA, Dhillon JS. A systematic review of factors influencing the effective use of mHealth apps for self-care. In:, Sciences I. (ICCOINS). IEEE; 2016. p.\u00a0191\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICCOINS.2016.7783213.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCOINS.2016.7783213"}],"container-title":["BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12911-023-02202-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12911-023-02202-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12911-023-02202-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,13]],"date-time":"2023-06-13T10:06:30Z","timestamp":1686650790000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12911-023-02202-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,13]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2202"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12911-023-02202-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6947"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6947","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 October 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"26 May 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 June 2023","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (IR.SBMU.RETECH.REC.1400.687). All Participants were informed of the objective of the study and their informed consent was obtained for participation. For participants aged\u2009\u2264\u200916, informed consent was obtained from their parent(s) or guardian(s).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"106"}}