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ChatGPT was provided with chief complaint and CBCT radiologic findings. Diagnostic outputs from ChatGPT were scored based on five-point Likert scale. For diagnosis accuracy, the scoring was based on the accuracy of chief complaint related diagnosis and chief complaint unrelated diagnoses (1\u20135 points); for diagnosis completeness, the scoring was based on how many accurate diagnoses included in ChatGPT\u2019s output for one case (1\u20135 points); for text quality, the scoring was based on how many text errors included in ChatGPT\u2019s output for one case (1\u20135 points). For 54\u00a0N\/CD cases, the consistence of the diagnosis generated by ChatGPT with pathological diagnosis was also calculated. The constitution of text errors in ChatGPT\u2019s outputs was evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>After subjective ratings by expert reviewers on a five-point Likert scale, the final score of diagnosis accuracy, diagnosis completeness and text quality of ChatGPT was 3.7, 4.5 and 4.6 for the 102 cases. For diagnostic accuracy, it performed significantly better on N\/CD (3.8\/5) compared to DD (3.6\/5). For 54\u00a0N\/CD cases, 21(38.9%) cases have first diagnosis completely consistent with pathological diagnosis. No text errors were observed in 88.7% of all the 390 text items.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>ChatGPT showed potential in generating radiographic diagnosis based on chief complaint and radiologic findings. However, the performance of ChatGPT varied with task complexity, necessitating professional oversight due to a certain error rate.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-024-02445-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]],"date-time":"2024-02-19T09:03:14Z","timestamp":1708333394000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Exploring the potential of ChatGPT as an adjunct for generating diagnosis based on chief complaint and cone beam CT radiologic findings"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Yanni","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2537-5701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ziyang","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenjing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antian","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanhui","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shu","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zitong","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"2445_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e230877","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.230877","volume":"307","author":"RJ Gertz","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gertz RJ, Bunck AC, Lennartz S, Dratsch T, Iuga AI, Maintz D, Kottlors J. 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Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University [No. NJSH-2023NL-076]. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations or declaration of Helsinki. The data are anonymous, and the requirement for written informed consent was therefore waived by the Ethics Committee of the Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University [No. NJSH-2023NL-076].","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Consent to publication is not applicable (no identifying information\/images for study participants).","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The research is not under publication consideration elsewhere. 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