{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T13:42:47Z","timestamp":1780666967626,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,15]],"date-time":"2025-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736899200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,15]],"date-time":"2025-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736899200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med Inform Decis Mak"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-025-02859-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,15]],"date-time":"2025-01-15T10:59:40Z","timestamp":1736938780000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A radiomics and deep learning nomogram developed and validated for predicting no-collapse survival in patients with osteonecrosis after multiple drilling"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Fan","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"De-bao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shi-huan","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gui-shan","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"2859_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.1097\/01.blo.0000533640.75452.45","volume":"476","author":"MJ Grecula","year":"2018","unstructured":"Grecula MJ. CORR Insights\u00ae: Which Classification System Is Most Useful for Classifying Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head? Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2018;476(6):1250\u20132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.blo.0000533640.75452.45.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"2859_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1302\/2058-5241.4.180073","volume":"4","author":"B Atilla","year":"2019","unstructured":"Atilla B, Bakircioglu S, Shope AJ, Parvizi J. Joint-preserving procedures for osteonecrosis of the femoral head. EFORT Open Rev. 2019;4(12):647\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/2058-5241.4.180073.","journal-title":"EFORT Open Rev"},{"issue":"21","key":"2859_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2843","DOI":"10.4103\/0366-6999.168017","volume":"128","author":"DW Zhao","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhao DW, Yu M, Hu K, Wang W, Yang L, Wang BJ, Gao XH, Guo YM, Xu YQ, Wei YS, et al. Prevalence of Nontraumatic Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head and its Associated Risk Factors in the Chinese Population: Results from a Nationally Representative Survey. Chin Med J (Engl). 2015;128(21):2843\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/0366-6999.168017.","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)"},{"key":"2859_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gosling-Gardeniers AC, Rijnen WHC, Gardeniers JWM. The Prevalence of Osteonecrosis in Different Parts of the World. In: Koo K-H, Mont MA, Jones LC, editors. Osteonecrosis. Heidelberg: Springer; 2014. p. 35\u20137.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-35767-1_4"},{"issue":"3","key":"2859_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1007\/s11420-016-9505-9","volume":"12","author":"JC Villa","year":"2016","unstructured":"Villa JC, Husain S, van der List JP, Gianakos A, Lane JM. Treatment of Pre-Collapse Stages of Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head: a Systematic Review of Randomized Control Trials. HSS J. 2016;12(3):261\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11420-016-9505-9.","journal-title":"HSS J"},{"issue":"7_Supple_B","key":"2859_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.102B7.BJJ-2019-1611.R1","volume":"102-B","author":"N Sodhi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sodhi N, Acuna A, Etcheson J, Mohamed N, Davila I, Ehiorobo JO, Jones LC, Delanois RE, Mont MA. Management of osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Bone Joint J. 2020;102-B(7_Supple_B):122\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/0301-620X.102B7.BJJ-2019-1611.R1.","journal-title":"Bone Joint J"},{"issue":"6","key":"2859_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1776","DOI":"10.1111\/os.12810","volume":"12","author":"ZQ Huang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Huang ZQ, Fu FY, Li WL, Tan B, He HJ, Liu WG, Chen WH. Current Treatment Modalities for Osteonecrosis of Femoral Head in Mainland China: A Cross-Sectional Study. Orthop Surg. 2020;12(6):1776\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/os.12810.","journal-title":"Orthop Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"2859_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-013-3220-3","volume":"472","author":"AJ Johnson","year":"2014","unstructured":"Johnson AJ, Mont MA, Tsao AK, Jones LC. Treatment of femoral head osteonecrosis in the United States: 16-year analysis of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2014;472(2):617\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11999-013-3220-3.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"2859_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199603000-00020","volume":"324","author":"MA Mont","year":"1996","unstructured":"Mont MA, Carbone JJ, Fairbank AC. Core decompression versus nonoperative management for osteonecrosis of the hip. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1996;324:169\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/00003086-199603000-00020.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"2859_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.5435\/Jaaos-22-07-455","volume":"22","author":"CG Zalavras","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zalavras CG, Lieberman JR. Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head: Evaluation and Treatment. J Am Acad Orthop Sur. 2014;22(7):455\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5435\/Jaaos-22-07-455.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Sur"},{"issue":"12","key":"2859_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.2106\/jbjs.19.01271","volume":"102","author":"MA Mont","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mont MA, Salem HS, Piuzzi NS, Goodman SB, Jones LC. Nontraumatic Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head: Where Do We Stand Today?: A 5-Year Update. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2020;102(12):1084\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/jbjs.19.01271.","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"2","key":"2859_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-011-2050-4","volume":"470","author":"JR Lieberman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lieberman JR, Engstrom SM, Meneghini RM, SooHoo NF. Which Factors Influence Preservation of the Osteonecrotic Femoral Head? Clin Orthop Relat R. 2012;470(2):525\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11999-011-2050-4.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat R"},{"key":"2859_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1097\/01.blo.0000229342.96103.73","volume":"454","author":"WS Song","year":"2007","unstructured":"Song WS, Yoo JJ, Kim YM, Kim HJ. Results of multiple drilling compared with those of conventional methods of core decompression. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2007;454:139\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.blo.0000229342.96103.73.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"2859_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-013-1714-9","volume":"133","author":"A Al Omran","year":"2013","unstructured":"Al Omran A. Multiple drilling compared with standard core decompression for avascular necrosis of the femoral head in sickle cell disease patients. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2013;133(5):609\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00402-013-1714-9.","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2859_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-021-04418-y","volume":"22","author":"Z Liu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Liu Z, Yang X, Li Y, Zeng WN, Zhao E, Zhou Z. Multiple drilling is not effective in reducing the rate of conversion to Total hip Arthroplasty in early-stage nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head: a case-control comparative study with a natural course. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2021;22(1):535. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12891-021-04418-y.","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"2","key":"2859_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surge.2021.12.004","volume":"21","author":"F Migliorini","year":"2023","unstructured":"Migliorini F, Maffulli N, Baroncini A, Eschweiler J, Tingart M, Betsch M. Prognostic factors in the management of osteonecrosis of the femoral head: A systematic review. Surgeon. 2023;21(2):85\u201398. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.surge.2021.12.004.","journal-title":"Surgeon"},{"issue":"1","key":"2859_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-023-06321-0","volume":"24","author":"C Wei","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wei C, Yang M, Chu K, Huo J, Chen X, Liu B, Li H. The indications for core decompression surgery in patients with ARCO stage I-II osteonecrosis of the femoral head: a new, comprehensive prediction system. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2023;24(1):242. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12891-023-06321-0.","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"1","key":"2859_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-021-02664-3","volume":"16","author":"EZ Zhao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhao EZ, Liu ZH, Zeng WN, Ding ZC, Luo ZY, Zhou ZK. Nomogram to predict collapse-free survival after core decompression of nontraumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head. J Orthop Surg Res. 2021;16(1):519. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13018-021-02664-3.","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"2859_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.21037\/tcr.2018.05.02","volume":"7","author":"A Vial","year":"2018","unstructured":"Vial A, Stirling D, Field M, Ros M, Ritz C, Carolan M, Holloway L, Miller AA. The role of deep learning and radiomic feature extraction in cancer-specific predictive modelling: a review. Transl Cancer Res. 2018;7(3):803\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21037\/tcr.2018.05.02.","journal-title":"Transl Cancer Res."},{"issue":"4","key":"2859_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2019.11.029","volume":"35","author":"BH Yoon","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yoon BH, Mont MA, Koo KH, Chen CH, Cheng EY, Cui Q, Drescher W, Gangji V, Goodman SB, Ha YC, et al. The 2019 Revised Version of Association Research Circulation Osseous Staging System of Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head. J Arthroplasty. 2020;35(4):933\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2019.11.029.","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"5","key":"2859_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1007\/s007760200108","volume":"7","author":"N Sugano","year":"2002","unstructured":"Sugano N, Atsumi T, Ohzono K, Kubo T, Hotokebuchi T, Takaoka K. The 2001 revised criteria for diagnosis, classification, and staging of idiopathic osteonecrosis of the femoral head. J Orthop Sci. 2002;7(5):601\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s007760200108.","journal-title":"J Orthop Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"2859_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200302000-00019","volume":"85","author":"SF Cherian","year":"2003","unstructured":"Cherian SF, Laorr A, Saleh KJ, Kuskowski MA, Bailey RF, Cheng EY. Quantifying the extent of femoral head involvement in osteonecrosis. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2003;85(2):309\u201315. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2106\/00004623-200302000-00019.","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"2859_CR23","unstructured":"Fleisch H. Bisphosphonates in bone disease: from the laboratory to the patient. 4th ed. San Diego: Academic Press; 2000."},{"issue":"10","key":"2859_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.99B10.BJJ-2017-0233.R2","volume":"99-B","author":"M Chughtai","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chughtai M, Piuzzi NS, Khlopas A, Jones LC, Goodman SB, Mont MA. An evidence-based guide to the treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head. Bone Joint J. 2017;99-B(10):1267\u201379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/0301-620X.99B10.BJJ-2017-0233.R2.","journal-title":"Bone Joint J"},{"issue":"3","key":"2859_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.01.015","volume":"31","author":"PA Yushkevich","year":"2006","unstructured":"Yushkevich PA, Piven J, Hazlett HC, Smith RG, Ho S, Gee JC, Gerig G. User-guided 3D active contour segmentation of anatomical structures: Significantly improved efficiency and reliability. Neuroimage. 2006;31(3):1116\u201328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.01.015.","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"21","key":"2859_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e104","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-17-0339","volume":"77","author":"JJM van Griethuysen","year":"2017","unstructured":"van Griethuysen JJM, Fedorov A, Parmar C, Hosny A, Aucoin N, Narayan V, Beets-Tan RGH, Fillion-Robin JC, Pieper S, Aerts H. Computational Radiomics System to Decode the Radiographic Phenotype. Cancer Res. 2017;77(21):e104\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-17-0339.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2859_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Banerjee S, Kapadia BH, Jauregui JJ, Cherian JJ, Mont MA. Natural history of osteonecrosis. In: Koo KH, Mont MA, Jones LC, editors. Osteonecrosis. Heidelberg: Springer; 2014. p. 161\u20134.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-35767-1_20"},{"key":"2859_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1097\/01.blo.0000150128.57777.8e","volume":"429","author":"MA Mont","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mont MA, Ragland PS, Etienne G. Core decompression of the femoral head for osteonecrosis using percutaneous multiple small-diameter drilling. Clin Orthop Relat R. 2004;429:131\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/01.blo.0000150128.57777.8e.","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat R"},{"issue":"7","key":"2859_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-018-3912-0","volume":"42","author":"ME Steinberg","year":"2018","unstructured":"Steinberg ME, Oh SC, Khoury V, Udupa JK, Steinberg DR. Lesion size measurement in femoral head necrosis. Int Orthop. 2018;42(7):1585\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00264-018-3912-0.","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"issue":"24","key":"2859_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e177","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2021.36.e177","volume":"36","author":"JT Hines","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hines JT, Jo WL, Cui Q, Mont MA, Koo KH, Cheng EY, Goodman SB, Ha YC, Hernigou P, Jones LC, et al. Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head: an Updated Review of ARCO on Pathogenesis, Staging and Treatment. J Korean Med Sci. 2021;36(24):e177. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3346\/jkms.2021.36.e177.","journal-title":"J Korean Med Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"2859_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620x.91b8.21518","volume":"91","author":"S Agarwala","year":"2009","unstructured":"Agarwala S, Shah S, Joshi VR. The use of alendronate in the treatment of avascular necrosis of the femoral head: follow-up to eight years. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2009;91(8):1013\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/0301-620x.91b8.21518.","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"issue":"1","key":"2859_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.02.020","volume":"79","author":"P Kang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kang P, Pei F, Shen B, Zhou Z, Yang J. Are the results of multiple drilling and alendronate for osteonecrosis of the femoral head better than those of multiple drilling? A pilot study Joint Bone Spine. 2012;79(1):67\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jbspin.2011.02.020.","journal-title":"A pilot study. Joint Bone Spine"},{"issue":"5","key":"2859_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e185","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.13678","volume":"47","author":"M Avanzo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Avanzo M, Wei L, Stancanello J, Vallieres M, Rao A, Morin O, Mattonen SA, El Naqa I. Machine and deep learning methods for radiomics. Med Phys. 2020;47(5):e185\u2013202. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mp.13678.","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"issue":"12","key":"2859_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"749","DOI":"10.1038\/nrclinonc.2017.141","volume":"14","author":"P Lambin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lambin P, Leijenaar RTH, Deist TM, Peerlings J, de Jong EEC, van Timmeren J, Sanduleanu S, Larue R, Even AJG, Jochems A, et al. Radiomics: the bridge between medical imaging and personalized medicine. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2017;14(12):749\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrclinonc.2017.141.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2859_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Scalco E, Rizzo G, Mastropietro A. The stability of oncologic MRI radiomic features and the potential role of deep learning: a review. Phys Med Biol. 2022;67(9):09TR3. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/1361-6560\/ac60b9.","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6560\/ac60b9"}],"container-title":["BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12911-025-02859-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12911-025-02859-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12911-025-02859-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,15]],"date-time":"2025-01-15T10:59:46Z","timestamp":1736938786000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s12911-025-02859-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,15]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2859"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12911-025-02859-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6947"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6947","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 April 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 January 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 January 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This retrospective study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the first hospital of Jilin University (registration number 2020\u2013607, approved on 15 Dec 2020), and written informed consent was waived. Because the medical records used in this study were obtained from past clinical diagnosis and treatment, this clinical study did not directly involve the subjects, and the results were not used for subject diagnosis. Therefore, it will not have any adverse effects on the subjects. The privacy and personal identity information of the subjects are protected. Furthermore, the study adheres to the Helsinki Declaration.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"26"}}