{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T23:14:15Z","timestamp":1783638855047,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778803200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783641600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":56,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Wuxi Municipal Health Commission","award":["T202325"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T202325"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BMC Med Inform Decis Mak"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-026-03547-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T16:28:53Z","timestamp":1778862533000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Construction of a predictive model for the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with sleep apnea syndrome based on multiple machine learning algorithms: a multicenter study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Shu","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Huo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guoqing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinfang","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minmin","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"43","key":"3547_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6099","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v28.i43.6099","volume":"28","author":"W Sheng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sheng W, Ji G, Zhang L. Management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients with sleep apnea syndrome. World J Gastroenterol. 2022;28(43):6099\u2013108. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3748\/wjg.v28.i43.6099.","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"3547_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.06.009","volume":"77","author":"I Jullian-Desayes","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jullian-Desayes I, Trzepizur W, Boursier J, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and NAFLD: An individual participant data meta-analysis. Sleep Med. 2021;77:357\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.06.009.","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"3547_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12718","DOI":"10.1111\/ijpo.12718","volume":"16","author":"LD Chen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chen LD, Chen MX. Association between obstructive sleep apnea and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in pediatric patients: a meta-analysis. Obes Rev. 2020;16(3):e12718. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ijpo.12718.","journal-title":"Obes Rev"},{"key":"3547_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98565","DOI":"10.2147\/IJGM.S98565","volume":"17","author":"Y Zhong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhong Y, Wang B, Huang J, et al. Sleep fragmentation and arousal in obstructive sleep apnea patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Int J Gen Med. 2024;17:98565. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/IJGM.S98565.","journal-title":"Int J Gen Med"},{"key":"3547_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2021.120102","volume":"286","author":"H Ayesh","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ayesh H, et al. Intermittent hypoxia aggravates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease via RIPK3-dependent necroptosis-modulated Nrf2\/NF\u03baB signaling pathway. Life Sci. 2021;286:120102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.lfs.2021.120102.","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"3547_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"007","DOI":"10.17241\/smr.2025.02859","volume":"5","author":"O Mesarwi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mesarwi O, Sharma EV, Jun JC. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in individuals with obstructive sleep apnea: A meta-analysis. Ann Sleep Med. 2025;5(1):007. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.17241\/smr.2025.02859.","journal-title":"Ann Sleep Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"3547_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2016.01.013","volume":"65","author":"J Aron-Wisnewsky","year":"2016","unstructured":"Aron-Wisnewsky J, Clement K, Pepin JL. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and obstructive sleep apnea. Metabolism. 2016;65(8):1124\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.metabol.2016.01.013.","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"3547_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e46891","DOI":"10.2196\/46891","volume":"25","author":"Y Mao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mao Y, Zhang Y, Li Z, et al. Predicting the 5-Year Risk of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Using Machine Learning Models: Prospective Cohort Study. J Med Internet Res. 2023;25:e46891. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2196\/46891.","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"3547_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1060","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.03.015","volume":"35","author":"Y Zhou","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhou Y, Zhang X, Wang L, et al. Establishment of a machine learning predictive model for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A longitudinal cohort study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2025;35(5):1060\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.numecd.2024.03.015.","journal-title":"Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"3547_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e40862","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2025.e40862","volume":"11","author":"X Liu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Liu X, Chen J, Wang Y, et al. A dynamic machine learning model for prediction of NAFLD in a health checkup population: A longitudinal study. Heliyon. 2025;11(10):e40862. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.heliyon.2025.e40862.","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"3547_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1779019","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2026.1779019","volume":"17","author":"Y Luo","year":"2026","unstructured":"Luo Y, Zhang Y, Li X, et al. Hypoxia-inducible factors in the immunometabolism of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD): molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Front Physiol. 2026;17:1779019. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphys.2026.1779019.","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"issue":"12","key":"3547_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8001","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.14679","volume":"23","author":"R Ezzeddini","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ezzeddini R, Taghikhani M, Zarrabi A, Mirzaei H. Sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) as a key regulator of hepatic lipogenesis in NAFLD. J Cell Mol Med. 2019;23(12):8001\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jcmm.14679.","journal-title":"J Cell Mol Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"3547_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v12.i8.412","volume":"12","author":"FP Mesquita","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mesquita FP, Barros-Filho AK, Rocha NP, et al. HIF-1\u03b1 and SREBP-1c mediate hepatic lipogenesis in NAFLD. World J Hepatol. 2020;12(8):412\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4254\/wjh.v12.i8.412.","journal-title":"World J Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3547_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28431","volume":"64","author":"ZM Younossi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Younossi ZM, Koenig AB, Abdelatif D, Fazel Y, Henry L, Wymer M. Global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease\u2014meta-analytic assessment of prevalence, incidence, and outcomes. Hepatology. 2016;64(1):73\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hep.28431.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"3547_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2019.06.021","volume":"71","author":"ZM Younossi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Younossi ZM, Golabi P, de Avila L, et al. The global epidemiology of NAFLD and NASH in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Hepatol. 2019;71(4):793\u2013801. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhep.2019.06.021.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"9943","key":"3547_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61217-4","volume":"384","author":"DJ Rader","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rader DJ, Hovingh GK. HDL and cardiovascular disease. Lancet. 2014;384(9943):618\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61217-4.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"3547_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2015.94","volume":"13","author":"RS Rosenson","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rosenson RS, Brewer HB, Ansell BJ, et al. Dysfunctional HDL and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2016;13(1):48\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrcardio.2015.94.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cardiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"3547_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1097\/MED.0b013e32835f19d5","volume":"20","author":"S Sookoian","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sookoian S, Pirola CJ. Gamma-glutamyl transferase: An emerging marker of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes. 2013;20(2):157\u201363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MED.0b013e32835f19d5.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes"},{"issue":"1","key":"3547_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000251993.20372.40","volume":"27","author":"DS Lee","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lee DS, Evans JC, Robins SJ, et al. Gamma glutamyl transferase and metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, and mortality risk: the Framingham Heart Study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2007;27(1):127\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/01.ATV.0000251993.20372.40.","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"issue":"7","key":"3547_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-018-0104-9","volume":"24","author":"SL Friedman","year":"2018","unstructured":"Friedman SL, Neuschwander-Tetri BA, Rinella M, Sanyal AJ. Mechanisms of NAFLD development and therapeutic strategies. Nat Med. 2018;24(7):908\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41591-018-0104-9.","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"3547_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1836","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.24001","volume":"52","author":"H Tilg","year":"2010","unstructured":"Tilg H, Moschen AR. Evolution of inflammation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: the multiple parallel hits hypothesis. Hepatology. 2010;52(5):1836\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hep.24001.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"10","key":"3547_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"G825","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00013.2016","volume":"310","author":"S Sookoian","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sookoian S, Casta\u00f1o GO, Burgue\u00f1o AL, Gianotti TF, Rosselli MS, Pirola CJ. Serum aminotransferases in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease are a signature of liver metabolic perturbations at the amino acid and TCA cycle level. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2016;310(10):G825\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpgi.00013.2016.","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol"},{"key":"3547_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1457598","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2024.1457598","volume":"15","author":"W Xuan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xuan W, Chen J, Wang Y, et al. Elevated ALT\/AST ratio as a marker for NAFLD risk and severity: insights from a cross-sectional analysis in the United States. Front Endocrinol. 2024;15:1457598. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fendo.2024.1457598.","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"issue":"4","key":"3547_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.16123","volume":"38","author":"SH Park","year":"2023","unstructured":"Park SH, Jeon WK, Kim SH, et al. Clinical significance of the AST\/ALT ratio in the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2023;38(4):567\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jgh.16123.","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"3547_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1457","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.30626","volume":"70","author":"A Lonardo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lonardo A, Nascimbeni F, Ballestri S, et al. Sex differences in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: state of the art and identification of research gaps. Hepatology. 2019;70(4):1457\u201369. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hep.30626.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"3547_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20517","volume":"41","author":"A Suzuki","year":"2005","unstructured":"Suzuki A, Angulo P, Lymp J, Li D, Satomura S, Lindor K. Chronological development of elevated aminotransferases in a nonalcoholic population. Hepatology. 2005;41(1):64\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hep.20517.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"3547_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2020.07.050","volume":"19","author":"M Balakrishnan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Balakrishnan M, Patel P, Dunn-Valadez S, et al. Women have a lower risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease but a higher risk of progression vs men: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021;19(1):62\u2013e745. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cgh.2020.07.050.","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"3547_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"C584","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00600.2006","volume":"293","author":"YY Sautin","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sautin YY, Nakagawa T, Zharikov S, Johnson RJ. Adverse effects of the classic antioxidant uric acid in adipocytes: NADPH oxidase-mediated oxidative\/nitrosative stress. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2007;293(2):C584\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpcell.00600.2006.","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Cell Physiol"},{"issue":"48","key":"3547_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"40732","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112.399899","volume":"287","author":"MA Lanaspa","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lanaspa MA, Sanchez-Lozada LG, Choi YJ, et al. Uric acid induces hepatic steatosis by generation of mitochondrial oxidative stress: potential role in fructose-dependent and -independent fatty liver. J Biol Chem. 2012;287(48):40732\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1074\/jbc.M112.399899.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"issue":"9","key":"3547_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1375","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2011.06735.x","volume":"26","author":"M Yoneda","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yoneda M, Fujita K, Nozaki Y, et al. Predictive value of platelet count for the development of severe liver fibrosis in Japanese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011;26(9):1375\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2011.06735.x.","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"3547_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aohep.2020.01.006","volume":"19","author":"GT Panke","year":"2020","unstructured":"Panke GT, Alves de Mattos A, Zanotelli ML, et al. Evaluation of thrombocytopenia in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease without cirrhosis. Ann Hepatol. 2020;19(3):289\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.aohep.2020.01.006.","journal-title":"Ann Hepatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"3547_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1080\/16078454.2021.1942823","volume":"26","author":"JC Olivares-Gazca","year":"2021","unstructured":"Olivares-Gazca JC, Pavel-Guerra M, Orozco-Loza IL, et al. Thrombocytopenia in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Hematology. 2021;26(1):348\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/16078454.2021.1942823.","journal-title":"Hematology"},{"issue":"5","key":"3547_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0707262","volume":"151","author":"K Oettl","year":"2007","unstructured":"Oettl K, Stauber RE. Physiological and pathological changes in the redox state of human serum albumin critically influence its binding properties. Br J Pharmacol. 2007;151(5):580\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/sj.bjp.0707262.","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"3547_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.2147\/IJGM.S102819","volume":"9","author":"DG Levitt","year":"2016","unstructured":"Levitt DG, Levitt MD. Human serum albumin homeostasis: a new look at the roles of synthesis, catabolism, renal and gastrointestinal excretion, and the clinical value of serum albumin measurements. Int J Gen Med. 2016;9:229\u201355. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/IJGM.S102819.","journal-title":"Int J Gen Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"3547_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2015.12.012","volume":"65","author":"E Buzzetti","year":"2016","unstructured":"Buzzetti E, Pinzani M, Tsochatzis EA. The multiple-hit pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Metabolism. 2016;65(8):1038\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.metabol.2015.12.012.","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"issue":"2","key":"3547_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2017.09.003","volume":"68","author":"M Eslam","year":"2018","unstructured":"Eslam M, Valenti L, Romeo S. Genetics and epigenetics of NAFLD and NASH: Clinical impact. J Hepatol. 2018;68(2):268\u201379. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhep.2017.09.003.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"3547_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2024.12.012","volume":"168","author":"MS Siddiqui","year":"2025","unstructured":"Siddiqui MS, Vuppalanchi R, Van Natta ML, et al. Performance of magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound for identifying the different degrees of hepatic steatosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Gastroenterology. 2025;168(4):724\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1053\/j.gastro.2024.12.012.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"4","key":"3547_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.16123","volume":"38","author":"G Ferraioli","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ferraioli G, Filice C, Castera L, et al. Detection of liver steatosis with a novel ultrasound-based technique: A pilot study using MRI-derived proton density fat fraction as the gold standard. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2023;38(4):567\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jgh.16123.","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"3547_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29786","volume":"68","author":"C Caussy","year":"2018","unstructured":"Caussy C, Reeder SB, Sirlin CB, Loomba R. Noninvasive, quantitative assessment of liver fat by MRI-PDFF as an endpoint in NASH trials. Hepatology. 2018;68(2):763\u201372. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/hep.29786.","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"issue":"10","key":"3547_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1466","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202005-1868OC","volume":"202","author":"SSS Ng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ng SSS, Wong VWS, Wong GLH, et al. CPAP did not improve nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a randomized clinical trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2020;202(10):1466\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1164\/rccm.202005-1868OC.","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"15","key":"3547_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1811","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.4893-20","volume":"59","author":"K Chin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chin K, Oga T, Takahashi K, et al. Effects of obstructive sleep apnea on the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Intern Med. 2020;59(15):1811\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2169\/internalmedicine.4893-20.","journal-title":"Intern Med"}],"container-title":["BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s12911-026-03547-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12911-026-03547-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s12911-026-03547-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T22:25:18Z","timestamp":1783635918000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s12911-026-03547-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["3547"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12911-026-03547-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1472-6947"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1472-6947","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"15 January 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 April 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. This retrospective study was approved by the Ethics Committees of Wuxi No.5 People\u2019s Hospital (Approval No.: YXKY-2025-021-01) and Wuxi No.2 People\u2019s Hospital (Approval No.: WXEY-2025-225). Given the retrospective design of the study and the use of anonymized patient data, the requirement to obtain informed consent was waived.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical approval"}},{"value":"This study is a retrospective observational study based on anonymized clinical and laboratory data. Given its retrospective design and the use of de-identified data, the requirement for informed consent from participants was waived by the Institutional Review Boards (IRBs) of Wuxi Fifth People\u2019s Hospital and Wuxi Second People\u2019s Hospital, in compliance with national regulations and institutional policies. All procedures were performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant national guidelines.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"253"}}