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Then, network alignment can guide the transfer of biological knowledge from well-studied model species to less well-studied species between conserved (aligned) network regions, thus complementing valuable insights that have already been provided by genomic sequence alignment. Here, we review computational challenges behind the network alignment problem, existing approaches for solving the problem, ways of evaluating their alignment quality, and the approaches\u2019 biomedical applications. We discuss recent innovative efforts of improving the existing view of network alignment. We conclude with open research questions in comparative biological network research that could further our understanding of principles of life, evolution, disease, and therapeutics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13637-015-0022-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,4]],"date-time":"2015-06-04T01:38:36Z","timestamp":1433381916000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["The post-genomic era of biological network alignment"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"2015","author":[{"given":"Fazle E","family":"Faisal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Crawford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tijana","family":"Milenkovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"22_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(05)80360-2","volume":"215","author":"SF Altschul","year":"1990","unstructured":"SF Altschul, W Gish, W Miller, DJ Lipman, Basic local alignment search tool. 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