{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T22:11:29Z","timestamp":1775686289474,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,28]],"date-time":"2019-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574899200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,28]],"date-time":"2019-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1574899200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["71662016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["71662016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Wireless Com Network"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The social network is a social structure made up of individuals who are tied by social links. With the rapid development of information technology, online social networking services and microblogging service received a lot of attention. Social networks provide a comprehensive communication platform of interaction, knowledge sharing, information dissemination to people, etc. They also bring a significant impact on people\u2019s working style and interpersonal communication. Drawing from trait theory, regulatory focus theory, followership theory, political skills, self-construal theory, and performance theory, this study systematically investigates the antecedents that induce the difference in followership behavior and the different consequences of behavior on job performance. We introduce a novel hybrid similarity measure, and the best matching based supervised learning process is conducted for training the time series. The events before the current timestamp can be adopted as a training set, and an early predictor will be generated by learning the rules from the training set. The newly coming events will be used for verifying the predictor, or assessing and tuning it. This paper clarifies the antecedents\u2019 mechanism for differences in followership behavior and the consequence mechanism that followership behavior differently impacts job performance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13638-019-1565-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,28]],"date-time":"2019-11-28T15:03:13Z","timestamp":1574953393000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The antecedents and consequences of employees\u2019 followership behavior in social network organizational context: a longitudinal study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"2019","author":[{"given":"Sheng","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Tonghua","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ruliang","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4357-4875","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenyuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"1565_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"social95","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2009.090512","volume":"27","author":"N Xiong","year":"2009","unstructured":"N. Xiong, A.V. Vasilakos, L.T. Yang, L. Song, Y. Pan, R. Kannan, Y. Li, Comparative analysis of quality of service and memory usage for adaptive failure detectors in healthcare systems. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 27(4), social95\u2013socia509 (2009)","journal-title":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications"},{"issue":"12","key":"1565_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2257","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2018.2819980","volume":"30","author":"L Liao","year":"2018","unstructured":"L. Liao, X. He, H. Zhang, et al., Attributed social network embedding[J]. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering 30(12), 2257\u20132270 (2018)","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering"},{"key":"1565_CR3","first-page":"307","volume-title":"Design of social network services for and with older adults","author":"C Duarte","year":"2019","unstructured":"C. Duarte, J. Coelho, Design of social network services for and with older adults (Ageing and Digital Technology. Springer, Singapore, 2019), pp. 307\u2013326"},{"issue":"1","key":"1565_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.leaqua.2013.11.007","volume":"25","author":"M Uhl-Bien","year":"2014","unstructured":"M. Uhl-Bien, R.E. Riggio, K.B. Lowe, M.K. Carsten, Followership theory: a review and research agenda. The Leadership Quarterly 25(1), 83\u2013104 (2014)","journal-title":"The Leadership Quarterly"},{"key":"1565_CR5","volume-title":"Study on the effect mechanism of followership on leadership effectiveness","author":"S Xu","year":"2014","unstructured":"S. Xu, Study on the effect mechanism of followership on leadership effectiveness (Economic Management Press, Beijing, 2014)"},{"issue":"4","key":"1565_CR6","first-page":"106","volume":"54","author":"H Zhao","year":"2013","unstructured":"H. Zhao, The exploratory study of followership. Research on Economics and Management 54(4), 106\u2013110 (2013)","journal-title":"Research on Economics and Management"},{"key":"1565_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2019.02.016","volume":"218","author":"MS Shaharudin","year":"2019","unstructured":"M.S. Shaharudin, Y. Fernando, C.J.C. Jabbour, et al., Past, present, and future low carbon supply chain management: a content review using social network analysis[J]. Journal of cleaner production 218, 629\u2013643 (2019)","journal-title":"Journal of cleaner production"},{"issue":"3","key":"1565_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.55.11.1217","volume":"55","author":"ET Higgins","year":"2000","unstructured":"E.T. Higgins, Making a good decision: value from fit. American Psychologist 55(3), 1217\u20131230 (2000)","journal-title":"American Psychologist"},{"issue":"1","key":"1565_CR9","first-page":"69","volume":"72","author":"B Zheng","year":"1999","unstructured":"B. Zheng, The trust relationship between subordinates in an enterprise organization. Sociological Studies 72(1), 69\u201378 (1999)","journal-title":"Sociological Studies"},{"issue":"3","key":"1565_CR10","first-page":"227","volume":"54","author":"H Zhou","year":"2005","unstructured":"H. Zhou, L. Long, Do with kindness, and convince with virtue: review of paternalistic leadership research. Advances in Psychological Science 54(3), 227\u2013238 (2005)","journal-title":"Advances in Psychological Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"1565_CR11","first-page":"82","volume":"22","author":"Y Cao","year":"2013","unstructured":"Y. Cao, S. Xu, Subordinate followership: concept definition and scale development. Contemporary Finance & Economics 22(3), 82\u201389 (2013)","journal-title":"Contemporary Finance & Economics"},{"issue":"8","key":"1565_CR12","first-page":"6","volume":"65","author":"W Luo","year":"2015","unstructured":"W. Luo, The historical origin of followership research, realistic motivation force and future prospect of the research. Human Resources Development OF China 65(8), 6\u201315 (2015a)","journal-title":"Human Resources Development OF China"},{"issue":"7","key":"1565_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1016\/j.leaqua.2010.03.015","volume":"21","author":"MK Carsten","year":"2010","unstructured":"M.K. Carsten, M. Uhl-Bien, B.J. West, J.L. Patera, R. McGregor, Exploring social constructions of followership: a qualitative study. The Leadership Quarterly 21(7), 543\u2013562 (2010)","journal-title":"The Leadership Quarterly"},{"issue":"3","key":"1565_CR14","first-page":"102","volume":"18","author":"D Cavell","year":"2007","unstructured":"D. Cavell, V. Rast, Dynamic followership: the prerequisite for effective leadership. Airspace Power Journal 18(3), 102\u2013110 (2007)","journal-title":"Airspace Power Journal"},{"key":"1565_CR15","volume-title":"The Power of followership: how to create leader people want to follow and followers who lead themselves","author":"RE Kelley","year":"1992","unstructured":"R.E. Kelley, The Power of followership: how to create leader people want to follow and followers who lead themselves (Doubleday, New York, 1992)"},{"issue":"3","key":"1565_CR16","first-page":"3","volume":"82","author":"C Ira","year":"1995","unstructured":"C. Ira, Effective follower. Executive excellence 82(3), 3\u20139 (1995)","journal-title":"Executive excellence"},{"issue":"1","key":"1565_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1006\/obhd.2001.2972","volume":"86","author":"J Brockner","year":"2001","unstructured":"J. Brockner, E.T. Higgins, Regulatory focus theory implications for the study of emotions at work. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 86(1), 35\u201366 (2001)","journal-title":"Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes"},{"key":"1565_CR18","volume-title":"The Influence of paternalistic leadership on followership and performance: the moderate effect of interpersonal justice","author":"M Chen","year":"2015","unstructured":"M. Chen, The Influence of paternalistic leadership on followership and performance: the moderate effect of interpersonal justice (Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 2015)"},{"key":"1565_CR19","volume-title":"Principles of marxist philosophy","author":"XD Chen","year":"2002","unstructured":"X.D. Chen, G. Yang, Principles of marxist philosophy (China Renmin University Press, Beijing, 2002)"},{"issue":"6","key":"1565_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1177\/0018726700536005","volume":"53","author":"ZX Chen","year":"2000","unstructured":"Z.X. Chen, A.M. Francesco, Employee demography organizational commitment and turn over intentions in China: do cultural differences matter. Human Relations 53(6), 869\u2013887 (2000)","journal-title":"Human Relations"},{"issue":"1","key":"1565_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1037\/1082-989X.12.1.1","volume":"12","author":"JR Edwards","year":"2007","unstructured":"J.R. Edwards, L.S. Lambert, Methods for integrating moderation and mediation: a general analytical framework using moderated path analysis. Psychological Methods 12(1), 1\u201322 (2007)","journal-title":"Psychological Methods"},{"issue":"2","key":"1565_CR22","first-page":"127","volume":"13","author":"JL Fan","year":"2000","unstructured":"J.L. Fan, B.X. Zheng, Paternalistic leadership of the Chinese organization: an analysis of a cultural perspective. Journal of Local Psychology Research 13(2), 127\u2013180 (2000)","journal-title":"Journal of Local Psychology Research"},{"issue":"1\/2","key":"1565_CR23","first-page":"49","volume":"6","author":"JL Farh","year":"2004","unstructured":"J.L. Farh, C.B. Zhong, D.W. Rgan, Organizational citizenship behavior in the Peoples Republic of China. Organization Science 6(1\/2), 49\u201372 (2004)","journal-title":"Organization Science"},{"key":"1565_CR24","volume-title":"From the soil: The foundations of Chinese society","author":"XT Fei","year":"1992","unstructured":"X.T. Fei, From the soil: The foundations of Chinese society (University of California Press, Berkeley, 1992)"},{"issue":"5","key":"1565_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.81.6.1001","volume":"81","author":"RS Friedman","year":"2001","unstructured":"R.S. Friedman, J. Forster, The effects of promotion and prevention cues on creativity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 81(5), 1001\u20131013 (May, 2001)","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"key":"1565_CR26","volume-title":"Study on the impact of organizational justice on employee creativity","author":"Y Guan","year":"2008","unstructured":"Y. Guan, Study on the impact of organizational justice on employee creativity (Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 2008)"},{"issue":"2","key":"1565_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.5465\/amr.2007.24351846","volume":"32","author":"R Kark","year":"2007","unstructured":"R. Kark, D.V. Van-Dijk, Motivation to lead motivation to follow: the role of the self -regulatory focus on leadership processes. Academy of Manage Review 32(2), 500\u2013528 (2007)","journal-title":"Academy of Manage Review"},{"issue":"1","key":"1565_CR28","first-page":"99","volume":"38","author":"CP Li","year":"2006","unstructured":"C.P. Li, X.X. Li, K. Shi, et al., Psychological empowerment: measurement and its effect on employee work attitude in China. Acta Psychologica Sinica 38(1), 99\u2013106 (2006)","journal-title":"Acta Psychologica Sinica"},{"issue":"5","key":"1565_CR29","first-page":"150","volume":"33","author":"L Li","year":"2012","unstructured":"L. Li, Y.F. Shang, Y.M. Xi, Leader\u2019 s feedback valence, feedback style, and follower\u2019 s regulatory focus: interactive effects on follower\u2019 s creativity. Science of Science and Management of S & T 33(5), 150\u2013159 (2012)","journal-title":"Science of Science and Management of S & T"},{"key":"1565_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. Wan, L.T. Yang, Y. Li, X. Xu, N. Xiong, An adaptive management mechanism for resource scheduling in multiple virtual machine system. ATC, 60\u201374 (2011)","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-23496-5_5"},{"issue":"9","key":"1565_CR31","first-page":"2280","volume":"33","author":"L Li","year":"2013","unstructured":"L. Li, Y.F. Shang, Y.M. Xi, Study on the effect mechanism of leaders\u2019 feedback on followers\u2019 creativity based on regulatory focus theory. System Engineering Theory and Practice 33(9), 2280\u20132291 (2013)","journal-title":"System Engineering Theory and Practice"},{"key":"1565_CR32","unstructured":"Y.P. Li, Y.D. Tu, Does high LMX quality benefit subordinate\u2019s career success? A moderated mediation study. Act Psychologica Sinica 44(8), 941\u2013952 (2011)"},{"key":"1565_CR33","volume-title":"The followership behavior of organizational members: theoretical construction and empirical research","author":"WH Luo","year":"2015","unstructured":"W.H. Luo, The followership behavior of organizational members: theoretical construction and empirical research (Renmin University of China, Beijing, 2015b)"},{"issue":"6","key":"1565_CR34","first-page":"788","volume":"33","author":"XP Ren","year":"2015","unstructured":"X.P. Ren, H. Wang, Leader-member exchange and its progress theory, measurement, antecedents and outcomes. Advances in Psychological Science 33(6), 788\u2013797 (2015)","journal-title":"Advances in Psychological Science"},{"issue":"5","key":"1565_CR35","first-page":"666","volume":"40","author":"KW Thomas","year":"1990","unstructured":"K.W. Thomas, B.A. Velthouse, Cognitive elements of empowerment: an \u2018interpretive\u2019 model of intrinsic task motivation. Academy of Management Review 40(5), 666\u2013681 (1990)","journal-title":"Academy of Management Review"},{"key":"1565_CR36","volume-title":"Study on the relationship of organizational justic, organizational identification and job performance of labor dispatch employee","author":"HY Wang","year":"2010","unstructured":"H.Y. Wang, Study on the relationship of organizational justic, organizational identification and job performance of labor dispatch employee (Jilin University, Changchun, 2010)"},{"issue":"3","key":"1565_CR37","first-page":"168","volume":"28","author":"M Wu","year":"2007","unstructured":"M. Wu, X. Huang, J.P. Xu, Comparative study of transactional, transformational, and paternalistic leadership behaviors and leadership mechanism. Science Research Management 28(3), 168\u2013176 (2007)","journal-title":"Science Research Management"},{"issue":"7","key":"1565_CR38","first-page":"175","volume":"27","author":"ZM Wu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Z.M. Wu, X. Wu, Y.R. Wu, The influence of regulatory focus of supervisors and subordinates on the performance of the subordinates. Science of Science and Management of S & T 27(7), 175\u2013182 (2013)","journal-title":"Science of Science and Management of S & T"},{"key":"1565_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2018.07.060","volume":"92","author":"H Si","year":"2019","unstructured":"H. Si, Z. Chen, W. Zhang, J. Wan, J. Zhang, N.N. Xiong, A member recognition approach for specific organizations based on relationships among users in social networking Twitter. Future Generation Comp Syst 92, 1009\u20131020 (2019)","journal-title":"Future Generation Comp Syst"},{"issue":"3","key":"1565_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.3724\/SP.J.1042.2018.00400","volume":"121","author":"S Xu","year":"2018","unstructured":"S. Xu, The differentiation of employee followership from the perspective of regulatory focus: influence mechanism of causes and effects. Advances in Psychological Science 121(3), 400\u2013411 (2018)","journal-title":"Advances in Psychological Science"},{"key":"1565_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4478","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2889074","volume":"7","author":"D Lin","year":"2019","unstructured":"D. Lin, B. Ma, M. Jiang, N. Xiong, K. Lin, D. Cao, Social Network rumor diffusion predication based on equal responsibility game model. IEEE Access 7, 4478\u20134486 (2019)","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"5","key":"1565_CR42","first-page":"106","volume":"13","author":"D Yan","year":"2010","unstructured":"D. Yan, L.J. Zhang, An empirical study on moderating function of organizational commitment between organizational justice and organizational citizenship behavior. Industrial Engineering 13(5), 106\u2013111 (2010)","journal-title":"Industrial Engineering"},{"issue":"5","key":"1565_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1002\/job.714","volume":"32","author":"EH O\u2019Boyle","year":"2011","unstructured":"E.H. O\u2019Boyle, R.H. Humphrey, J.M. Pollack, T.H. Hawver, P.A. Story, The relation between emotional intelligence and job performance: a meta-analysis. Journal of Organizational Behavior 32(5), 788\u2013818 (2011)","journal-title":"Journal of Organizational Behavior"},{"issue":"4","key":"1565_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1109\/JSYST.2011.2165600","volume":"5","author":"J Yang","year":"2011","unstructured":"J. Yang, N. Xiong, A.V. Vasilakos, Z. Fang, D. Park, X. Xu, S. Yoon, S. Xie, A fingerprint recognition scheme based on assembling invariant moments for cloud computing communications. IEEE Systems Journal 5(4), 574\u2013583 (2011)","journal-title":"IEEE Systems Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"1565_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1109\/TPDS.2015.2401003","volume":"27","author":"Z Xia","year":"2015","unstructured":"Z. Xia, X. Wang, X. Sun, Q. Wang, A secure and dynamic multi-keyword ranked search scheme over encrypted cloud data. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems 27(2), 340\u2013352 (2015)","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems"},{"key":"1565_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"N. Xiong, A.V. Vasilakos, J. Wu, Y.R. Yang, A. Rindos, Y. Zhou, W.Z. Song, A self-tuning failure detection scheme for cloud computing service. 2012 IEEE 26th Parallel & Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS) (2012)","DOI":"10.1109\/IPDPS.2012.126"}],"container-title":["EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13638-019-1565-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13638-019-1565-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13638-019-1565-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,27]],"date-time":"2020-11-27T00:27:13Z","timestamp":1606436833000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jwcn-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13638-019-1565-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,28]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1565"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13638-019-1565-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["1687-1499"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1687-1499","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 June 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 September 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 November 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"259"}}