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How to know the exact positions of nodes is a strict challenge in WSN. Intelligent computing algorithms have been developed in recent years. They easily solve complex optimization problems, especially for those that cannot be modeled mathematically. This paper proposes a novel algorithm, named parallel whale optimization algorithm (PWOA). It contains two information exchange strategies between groups, and it significantly enhances global search ability and population diversity of the original whale optimization algorithm (WOA). Also, the algorithm is adopted to optimize the localization of WSN. Twenty-three mathematical optimization functions are accustomed to verifying the efficiency and effectiveness of the novel approach. Compared with some existing intelligent computing algorithms, the proposed PWOA may reach better results.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13638-020-01663-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,26]],"date-time":"2020-02-26T16:02:22Z","timestamp":1582732942000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["A parallel WOA with two communication strategies applied in DV-Hop localization method"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"2020","author":[{"given":"Qing-wei","family":"Chai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shu-Chuan","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3128-9025","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeng-Shyang","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pei","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei-min","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"1663_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advengsoft.2016.01.008","volume":"95","author":"S. 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