{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T16:37:13Z","timestamp":1778603833301,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,18]],"date-time":"2020-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592438400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,18]],"date-time":"2020-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592438400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Wireless Com Network"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the in-band full-duplex(FD) systems, the self-interference (SI) power can be more than 100 dB higher than the power of the received data signal. In order to enable the FD transmission, several SI cancelation stages are needed in a FD transceiver. By combining the cancelation at the radio frequency (RF) with a specially designed antenna and cancelation circuitry and SI cancelation at the digital baseband, the required level of SI cancelation can be achieved even with a non-linear power amplifier. In this paper, a FD transceiver architecture is modeled with simulation tools that allow to use realistic antenna and analog transceiver models and at the same time enable algorithm studies. The analog SI cancelation at the RF is controlled by the baseband digital processing unit, and the tuning of the RF canceler is performed with an automatic gain control enhanced iterative algorithm. The combined cancelation performance of the antenna and RF canceler varies between 62 and 82 dB depending on the studied cases. The digital baseband SI cancelation is based on the Hammerstein model in order to take the power amplifier non-linearity into account. The coefficients of the Hammerstein model are estimated with a self-orthogonalizing adaptive algorithm. When realistic phase noise and IQ imbalance values are taken into account, the SI after all the cancelation stages can decrease the signal-to-interference-and-noise-ratio (SINR) by few decibels (dB). In order to further enhance the SI cancelation, the Hammerstein based SI canceler is extended to cancel also the effect of the receiver IQ imbalance. With the extended baseband canceler, the cancelation performance is mainly limited by the phase noise<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13638-020-01743-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,18]],"date-time":"2020-06-18T10:04:12Z","timestamp":1592474652000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Self-interference cancelation in the presence of non-linear power amplifier and receiver IQ imbalance"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"2020","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0513-541X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Visa","family":"Tapio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marko","family":"Sonkki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Markku","family":"Juntti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"1743_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"L. Anttila, D. Korpi, V. Syrj\u00e4l\u00e4, M. Valkama, in 2013 Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers. Cancellation of power amplifier induced nonlinear self-interference in full-duplex transceivers, (2013). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ACSSC.2013.6810482.","DOI":"10.1109\/ACSSC.2013.6810482"},{"key":"1743_CR2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, MobiCom \u201910","author":"J. I. Choi","year":"2010","unstructured":"J. I. Choi, M. Jain, K. Srinivasan, P. Levis, S. Katti, in Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking, MobiCom \u201910. Achieving single channel, full duplex wireless communication (ACMNew York, 2010), pp. 1\u201312. http:\/\/doi.acm.org\/10.1145\/1859995.1859997."},{"issue":"3","key":"1743_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1049\/ip-f-1.1987.0046","volume":"134","author":"C. F. N. Cowan","year":"1987","unstructured":"C. F. N. Cowan, Performance comparisons of finite linear adaptive filters. IEE Proc. F - Commun. Radar Sig. Proc.134(3), 211\u2013216 (1987). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1049\/ip-f-1:19870046.","journal-title":"IEE Proc. F - Commun. Radar Sig. Proc."},{"key":"1743_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"B. Debaillie, Broek van den D.J., C. Lav\u00edn, B. van Liempd, E. A. M. Klumperink, C. Palacios, J. Craninckx, B. Nauta, A. P\u00e4rssinen, Analog\/RF solutions enabling compact full-duplex radios. IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun.32(9), 1662\u20131673 (2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/JSAC.2014.2330171.","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2014.2330171"},{"key":"1743_CR5","unstructured":"L. Espenschied, High-frequency transmission system (1949). US Patent 2,467,299."},{"issue":"3","key":"1743_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1109\/TAP.1971.1139935","volume":"19","author":"R. Garbacz","year":"1971","unstructured":"R. Garbacz, R. Turpin, A generalized expansion for radiated and scattered fields. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag.19(3), 348\u2013358 (1971). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TAP.1971.1139935.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag."},{"key":"1743_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"A. Goldsmith, Wireless Communications (Cambridge University Press, 2005). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/CBO9780511841224.","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511841224"},{"issue":"5","key":"1743_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1109\/TAP.1971.1139999","volume":"19","author":"R. Harrington","year":"1971","unstructured":"R. Harrington, J Mautz, Theory of characteristic modes for conducting bodies. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag.19(5), 622\u2013628 (1971). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TAP.1971.1139999.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag."},{"key":"1743_CR9","unstructured":"S. Haykin, Adaptive filter theory, third edition edn (Prentice Hall Inc., 1996)."},{"issue":"5","key":"1743_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.2015.7105647","volume":"53","author":"M. Heino","year":"2015","unstructured":"M. Heino, D. Korpi, T. Huusari, E. Antonio-Rodriguez, S. Venkatasubramanian, T. Riihonen, L. Anttila, C. Icheln, K. Haneda, R. Wichman, M. Valkama, Recent advances in antenna design and interference cancellation algorithms for in-band full duplex relays. IEEE Commun. Mag.53(5), 91\u2013101 (2015). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/MCOM.2015.7105647.","journal-title":"IEEE Commun. Mag."},{"key":"1743_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"T. Huusari, Y. S. Choi, P. Liikkanen, D. Korpi, S. Talwar, M. Valkama, in 2015 IEEE 81st Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring). Wideband self-adaptive RF cancellation circuit for full-duplex radio: operating principle and measurements, (2015). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/VTCSpring.2015.7146163.","DOI":"10.1109\/VTCSpring.2015.7146163"},{"key":"1743_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1145\/2030613.2030647","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 17th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (MobiCom \u201911)","author":"M. Jain","year":"2011","unstructured":"M. Jain, et al., in Proceedings of the 17th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (MobiCom \u201911). Practical, real-time, full duplex wireless (ACMNew York, 2011), pp. 301\u2013312. http:\/\/doi.acm.org\/10.1145\/2030613.2030647."},{"key":"1743_CR13","unstructured":"A Khandani, Methods for spatial multiplexing of wireless two-way channels (2010). US Patent 7 817 641."},{"key":"1743_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"K. E. Kolodziej, J. G. McMichael, B. T. Perry, Multitap RF canceller for in-band full-duplex wireless communications. IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun.15(6) (2016). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TWC.2016.2539169.","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2016.2539169"},{"issue":"6","key":"1743_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3768","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2018.2816061","volume":"17","author":"K. Komatsu","year":"2018","unstructured":"K. Komatsu, Y. Miyaji, H. Uehara, Basis function selection of frequency-domain Hammerstein self-interference canceller for in-band full-duplex wireless communications. IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun.17(6), 3768\u20133780 (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TWC.2018.2816061.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun."},{"key":"1743_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"D. Korpi, L. Anttila, Syrjal\u00e4\u0308 V., M. Valkama, Widely linear digital self-interference cancellation in direct-conversion full-duplex transceiver. IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun.32(9) (2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/JSAC.2014.2330093.","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2014.2330093"},{"issue":"1","key":"1743_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/s13638-017-0808-4","volume":"2017","author":"D. Korpi","year":"2017","unstructured":"D. Korpi, L. Anttila, M. Valkama, Nonlinear self-interference cancellation in MIMO full-duplex transceivers under crosstalk. EURASIP J. Wirel. Commun. Netw.2017(1), 24 (2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13638-017-0808-4.","journal-title":"EURASIP J. Wirel. Commun. Netw."},{"key":"1743_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"D. Korpi, Y. Choi, T. Huusari, L. Anttila, S. Talwar, M. Valkama, in 2015 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM). Adaptive nonlinear digital self-interference cancellation for mobile inband full-duplex radio: algorithms and RF measurements, (2015), pp. 1\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/GLOCOM.2015.7417188.","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOCOM.2015.7417188"},{"key":"1743_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"E. H. Krishna, M. Raghuram, K. V. Madhav, K. A Reddy, in 10th International Conference on Information Science, Signal Processing and their Applications (ISSPA 2010). Acoustic echo cancellation using a computationally efficient transform domain LMS adaptive filter, (2010), pp. 409\u2013412. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ISSPA.2010.5605458.","DOI":"10.1109\/ISSPA.2010.5605458"},{"issue":"1","key":"1743_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2016.2540538","volume":"66","author":"A. Masmoudi","year":"2017","unstructured":"A. Masmoudi, T. Le-Ngoc, Channel estimation and self-interference cancelation in full-duplex communication systems. IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol.66(1), 321\u2013334 (2017). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TVT.2016.2540538.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol."},{"key":"1743_CR21","unstructured":"MAX\/2828\/2829, Single-\/dual-band 802.11 a\/b\/g world-Band transceiver ICs. Data sheet, Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. Available at https:\/\/datasheets.maximintegrated.com\/en\/ds\/MAX2828-MAX2829.pdf."},{"issue":"6","key":"1743_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1573","DOI":"10.1109\/TASSP.1986.1164996","volume":"34","author":"G. Panda","year":"1986","unstructured":"G. Panda, B. Mulgrew, C. Cowan, P. Grant, A self-orthogonalizing efficient block adaptive filter. IEEE Trans. Acoust. Speech. Sig. Proc.34(6), 1573\u20131582 (1986). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TASSP.1986.1164996.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Acoust. Speech. Sig. Proc."},{"key":"1743_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"A. Sethi, V. Tapio, M. Juntti, in 2014 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC). Self-interference channel for full duplex transceivers, (2014). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/WCNC.2014.6952167.","DOI":"10.1109\/WCNC.2014.6952167"},{"key":"1743_CR24","unstructured":"Reflection from the surface of the earth. Report 1008-1, International Telecommunication Union (ITU)."},{"key":"1743_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.2528\/PIERM19080105","volume":"86","author":"M. Sonkki","year":"2019","unstructured":"M. Sonkki, J. Aikio, M. Leinonen, A. P\u00e4rssinen, Study of transmitter interference to receiver at 2 GHz with high antenna port isolation. Prog. Electromagn. Res. M. 86:, 183\u2013192 (2019).","journal-title":"Prog. Electromagn. Res. M"},{"key":"1743_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"V. Tapio, H. Alves, M. Juntti, in 2017 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP). Joint analog and digital self-interference cancellation and full-duplex system performance, (2017), pp. 6553\u20136557. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICASSP.2017.7953419.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2017.7953419"},{"key":"1743_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"V. Tapio, M. Juntti, A. P\u00e4rssinen, K. Rikkinen, in 2016 50th Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers. Real time adaptive RF and digital self-interference cancellation for full-duplex transceivers, (2016), pp. 1558\u20131562. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ACSSC.2016.7869640.","DOI":"10.1109\/ACSSC.2016.7869640"},{"key":"1743_CR28","unstructured":"V. Tapio, M. Sonkki, in 22th European Wireless Conference European Wireless 2016. Analog and digital self-interference cancellation for full-duplex transceivers, (2016), pp. 1\u20135."},{"key":"1743_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"V. Tapio, M. Sonkki, M. Juntti, in 2018 IEEE 87st Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring). Analog self-interference cancellation with automatic gain control for full-duplex transceivers (Porto, 2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/VTCSpring.2018.8417518.","DOI":"10.1109\/VTCSpring.2018.8417518"},{"key":"1743_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"V. Tapio, M. Sonkki, M. Juntti, in 2018 IEEE 29th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC). Performance of a full-duplex system in non-linear and time-varying self-interference channel (Bologna, 2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/PIMRC.2018.8580927.","DOI":"10.1109\/PIMRC.2018.8580927"},{"key":"1743_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"A. Tarighat, A. H. Sayed, in 2004 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, vol. 4. On the baseband compensation of IQ imbalances in OFDM systems, (2004). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICASSP.2004.1327003.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2004.1327003"},{"key":"1743_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"K. Wang, R. Zhang, Z. Zhong, X. Zhang, X. Pang, in 2017 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops). Measurement of self-interference channels for full-duplex relay in an urban scenario, (2017), pp. 1153\u20131158. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ICCW.2017.7962814.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCW.2017.7962814"},{"issue":"7","key":"1743_CR33","first-page":"32","volume":"20","author":"T. Warnagiris","year":"1997","unstructured":"T. Warnagiris, An alternative full-duplex transceiver architecture based on spatially distributed oscillators. RF Des.20(7), 32\u201343 (1997).","journal-title":"RF Des."},{"issue":"5","key":"1743_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.2015.7105651","volume":"53","author":"Z. Zhang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Z. Zhang, X. Chai, K. Long, A. V. Vasilakos, L. Hanzo, Full duplex techniques for 5g networks: self-interference cancellation, protocol design, and relay selection. IEEE Commun. Mag.53(5), 128\u2013137 (2015). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/MCOM.2015.7105651.","journal-title":"IEEE Commun. Mag."},{"issue":"8","key":"1743_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2953","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2005.850383","volume":"53","author":"G. T. Zhou","year":"2005","unstructured":"G. T. Zhou, H. Qian, L. Ding, R. Raich, On the baseband representation of a bandpass nonlinearity. IEEE Trans. Sig. Proc.53(8), 2953\u20132957 (2005). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TSP.2005.850383.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Sig. Proc."}],"container-title":["EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13638-020-01743-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13638-020-01743-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13638-020-01743-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,17]],"date-time":"2021-06-17T23:05:24Z","timestamp":1623971124000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jwcn-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13638-020-01743-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,18]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1743"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13638-020-01743-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["1687-1499"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1687-1499","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 October 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 May 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 June 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"127"}}