{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T18:45:54Z","timestamp":1764873954745,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,18]],"date-time":"2022-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658102400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,18]],"date-time":"2022-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1658102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61675138"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61675138"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019RC12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019RC12"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Wireless Com Network"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Light fidelity (LiFi) would be a potential optical wireless communications technology for future mixed-spectrum 5G\/6G indoor attocell network, which uses light-emitting diodes based as an optical antenna and offers Gbits capacity. For this scenario, a dynamic handover scheme based on bidirectional visible light communications (VLC) channel is proposed, which uses the uplink light sources to characterize terminal\u2019s movement status for the mobility and make the handover decision in contrast to the unidirectional links. The uplink reference signal received power and the movement state are examined, and the created algorithm is executed in the bidirectional VLC test bed. The experimental results show that the proposed method will reduce the terminal\u2019s handover rate by up to 45% and increase the optical network throughput by up to 26% at the experimental data rate compared with the skipping handover scheme for indoor LiFi network.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13638-022-02147-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,18]],"date-time":"2022-07-18T09:02:49Z","timestamp":1658134969000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A dynamic handover scheme based on bidirectional VLC channel in multi-user attocell networks"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"2022","author":[{"given":"Liqiang","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8392-2817","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dahai","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jingtao","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaotian","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jingsuo","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2147_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"T. Nguyen, D. Nguyen-Huu and T. Nguyen, On Achievable Rate Region Using Location Assisted Coding (LAC) for FSO Communication, In: IEEE 86th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall, 2017), pp. 1\u20135","DOI":"10.1109\/VTCFall.2017.8287993"},{"key":"2147_CR2","unstructured":"G. Zabih, W. Popoola , S. Rajbhandari, Optical Wireless Communications : System and Channel Modelling with MATLAB (Taylor & Francis, 2012)"},{"issue":"3","key":"2147_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.2015.7060515","volume":"53","author":"AC Boucouvalas","year":"2015","unstructured":"A.C. Boucouvalas, P. Chatzimisios, Z. Ghassemlooy, M. Uysal, K. Yiannopoulos, Standards for indoor optical wireless communications. IEEE Commun. Mag. 53(3), 24\u201331 (2015)","journal-title":"IEEE Commun. Mag."},{"key":"2147_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"W. Ye, J. Chen, B. Lin, X. Tang, Z. Ghassemlooy, Experimental demonstration of bidirectional IDMA for visible light communication,\u00a0In: 2017 Opto-Electronics and Communications Conference (OECC, 2017) and Photonics Global Conference (PGC 2017), pp. 1\u20133","DOI":"10.1109\/OECC.2017.8114792"},{"issue":"4","key":"2147_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1109\/MWC.2015.7224733","volume":"22","author":"MB Rahaim","year":"2015","unstructured":"M.B. Rahaim, T.D.C. Little, Toward practical integration of dual-use VLC within 5G networks. IEEE Wirel. Commun. 22(4), 97\u2013103 (2015)","journal-title":"IEEE Wirel. Commun."},{"key":"2147_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Z. Ghassemlooy, L.N. Alves, S. Zvanovec, M. Alikhalighi, Visible light communications: theory and applications (Taylor & Francis, 2016)","DOI":"10.1201\/9781315367330"},{"key":"2147_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"F. Tariq, M. Khandaker, K.K. Wong, M. Imran, M. Bennis, M. Debbah, A speculative study on 6G, arXiv preprint arXiv:1902.06700 (2019)","DOI":"10.1109\/MWC.001.1900488"},{"key":"2147_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38369","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2019.2903409","volume":"7","author":"X Wu","year":"2019","unstructured":"X. Wu, H. Haas, Handover skipping for LiFi. IEEE. Access 7, 38369\u201338378 (2019)","journal-title":"Access"},{"issue":"6","key":"2147_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2014.2328098","volume":"32","author":"JG Andrews","year":"2014","unstructured":"J.G. Andrews, S. Buzzi, W. Choi, S.V. Hanly, A. Lozano, A.C.K. Soong, J. Charlie Zhang, What will 5G be? IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun. 32(6), 1065\u20131082 (2014)","journal-title":"IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun."},{"issue":"1","key":"2147_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2006.1576541","volume":"5","author":"J Hou","year":"2006","unstructured":"J. Hou, D.C. O\u2019Brien, Vertical handover-decision-making algorithm using fuzzy logic for the integrated Radio-and-OW system. IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. 5(1), 176\u2013185 (2006)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun."},{"key":"2147_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11921","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2810318","volume":"6","author":"E Demarchou","year":"2018","unstructured":"E. Demarchou, C. Psomas, I. Krikidis, Mobility management in ultra-dense networks: handover skipping techniques. IEEE Access 6, 11921\u201311930 (2018)","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"3","key":"2147_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2016.2525439","volume":"34","author":"X Ge","year":"2016","unstructured":"X. Ge, J. Ye, Y. Yang, Q. Li, User mobility evaluation for 5G small cell networks based on individual mobility model. IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun. 34(3), 528\u2013541 (2016)","journal-title":"IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun."},{"key":"2147_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R. Arshad, H. ElSawy, S. Sorour, T. Y. Al-Naffouri, M-S. Alouini, Handover management in dense cellular networks: A stochastic geometry approach, In: IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC, 2016), pp. 1\u20137","DOI":"10.1109\/ICC.2016.7510709"},{"key":"2147_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9073","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2016.2642538","volume":"4","author":"R Arshad","year":"2016","unstructured":"R. Arshad, H. Elsawy, S. Sorour, T.Y. Al-Naffouri, M.-S. Alouini, Handover management in 5G and beyond: a topology aware skipping approach. IEEE Access 4, 9073\u20139081 (2016)","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"2147_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. D. Soltani, X. Wu, M. Safari, H. Haas, Access point selection in Li-Fi cellular networks with arbitrary receiver orientation,\u00a0In: IEEE 27th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC, 2016), pp. 1\u20136","DOI":"10.1109\/PIMRC.2016.7794890"},{"key":"2147_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M. D. Soltani, H. Kazemi, M. Safari, H. Haas, Handover modeling for indoor Li-Fi cellular networks: The effects of receiver mobility and rotation,\u00a0In: IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC, 2017), pp. 1\u20136","DOI":"10.1109\/WCNC.2017.7925676"},{"key":"2147_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"C. Le Bas, S. Sahuguede, A. Julien-Vergonjanne, A. Behlouli, P. Combeau, L. Aveneau, Impact of receiver orientation and position on visible light communication link performance,\u00a0In: 4th International Workshop on Optical Wireless Communications (IWOW, 2015), pp. 1\u20135","DOI":"10.1109\/IWOW.2015.7342254"},{"issue":"3","key":"2147_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2157","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2018.2882213","volume":"67","author":"MD Soltani","year":"2018","unstructured":"M.D. Soltani, A.A. Purwita, Z. Zeng, H. Haas, M. Safari, Modeling the random orientation of mobile devices: Measurement, analysis and LiFi use case. IEEE Trans. Commun. 67(3), 2157\u20132172 (2018)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Commun."},{"key":"2147_CR19","unstructured":"D. B. Johnson, D. A. Maltz, Dynamic source routing in ad hoc wireless networks (Mobile Computing, 1996)"},{"key":"2147_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. K. Gupta, H. S. Dhillon, S. Vishwanath, J. G. Andrews, Downlink coverage probability in MIMO HetNets with flexible cell selection, In: IEEE Global Communications Conference (Globecom, 2014), pp. 1534\u20131539","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOCOM.2014.7037026"},{"issue":"4","key":"2147_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1049\/ip-opt:20000627","volume":"147","author":"AC Boucouvalas","year":"2000","unstructured":"A.C. Boucouvalas, P. Barker, Asymmetry in optical wireless links. IEEE Proc Optoelectron 147(4), 315\u2013321 (2000)","journal-title":"IEEE Proc Optoelectron"},{"issue":"2","key":"2147_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1109\/5.554222","volume":"85","author":"JM Kahn","year":"1997","unstructured":"J.M. Kahn, J.R. Barry, Wireless infrared communications. Proc IEEE 85(2), 265\u2013298 (1997)","journal-title":"Proc IEEE"},{"issue":"2","key":"2147_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.2013.6461189","volume":"51","author":"C Hoymann","year":"2013","unstructured":"C. Hoymann, D. Larsson, H. Koorapaty, J.-F. Cheng, A lean carrier for LTE. IEEE Commun Mag 51(2), 74\u201380 (2013)","journal-title":"IEEE Commun Mag"}],"container-title":["EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13638-022-02147-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13638-022-02147-x\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13638-022-02147-x.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,29]],"date-time":"2024-09-29T08:56:23Z","timestamp":1727600183000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jwcn-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13638-022-02147-x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,18]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2147"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13638-022-02147-x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1687-1499"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1687-1499"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 June 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 July 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 July 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"61"}}