{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T04:29:53Z","timestamp":1772166593446,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,2]],"date-time":"2024-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704153600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,2]],"date-time":"2024-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704153600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004735","name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020JJ2015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020JJ2015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004735","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004735","name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021JJ30294"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021JJ30294"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004735","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61931009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61931009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014718","name":"Innovative Research Group Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62172159"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62172159"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014718","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Wireless Com Network"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>With the widespread use of wireless sensor networks, one of the most pressing concerns is extending the lifetime of the sensors. By deploying directional antenna arrays, millimeter wave (mmWave) is a possible candidate for wireless energy transfer (WPT). This paper investigates a beneficial combination of WPT and data transmission in a typical mmWave sensor network with Rayleigh channels, where a transmission interval can be divided into two sub-intervals. During the first sub-interval, one hybrid access point (HAP) employs beamforming techniques to transfer energy for serving multiple sensors within the service sector. The sensors then transmit their individual signal in turn to the HAP based on time division multiple address (TDMA) strategy by using the whole harvested energy. According to stochastic geometry, the exact and approximate expressions of beam outage probability for the considered system are determined, respectively. The optimal time allocation of energy harvesting and data transmission for sensors is examined in order to maximize the energy efficiency of the system. The optimization problem can be translated into corresponding parametric form, and the resulting optimization problem can be solved using the Lagrange dual method with Karush\u2013Kuhn\u2013Tucker (KKT) conditions. The numerical results show the variation trend of the beam outage probability under various parameters and verify the accuracy of the theoretical analyses. Furthermore, the simulation results illustrate that the proposed optimal time allocation strategy can significantly enhance the overall energy efficiency of the system compared with a similar scheme.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13638-023-02328-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,2]],"date-time":"2024-01-02T12:02:40Z","timestamp":1704196960000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Outage performance and energy efficiency optimization of wireless-powered millimeter-wave sensor networks"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"2024","author":[{"given":"Xiaowu","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Fuan","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6993-5347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kun","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Entao","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,2]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2328_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2186","DOI":"10.1109\/JSYST.2016.2628043","volume":"12","author":"NT Nguyen","year":"2018","unstructured":"N.T. Nguyen, B.H. Liu, V.T. Pham, C.Y. Huang, Network under limited mobile devices: a new technique for mobile charging scheduling with multiple sinks. IEEE Syst. J. 12(3), 2186\u20132196 (2018)","journal-title":"IEEE Syst. J."},{"issue":"3","key":"2328_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1109\/TMC.2017.2732979","volume":"17","author":"C Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"C. Wang, J. Li, Y. Yang, F. Ye, Combining solar energy harvesting with charging for hybrid wireless sensor networks. IEEE Trans. Mob. Comput. 17(3), 560\u2013576 (2018)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Mob. Comput."},{"issue":"4","key":"2328_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1109\/LMWC.2019.2902047","volume":"29","author":"H Zhang","year":"2019","unstructured":"H. Zhang, Y.X. Guo, Z. Zhong, W. Wu, Cooperative integration of RF energy harvesting and dedicated WPT for wireless sensor networks. IEEE Microw. Wirel. Compon. Lett. 29(4), 291\u2013293 (2019)","journal-title":"IEEE Microw. Wirel. Compon. Lett."},{"key":"2328_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adhoc.2021.102474","volume":"116","author":"K Tang","year":"2021","unstructured":"K. Tang, S. Liao, Q. Xue, Cooperative spectrum sharing in spectrum domain with discrete time energy harvesting for primary user. Ad Hoc Netw. 116, 102474 (2021)","journal-title":"Ad Hoc Netw."},{"issue":"10","key":"2328_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9794","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2019.2894465","volume":"34","author":"D Newell","year":"2019","unstructured":"D. Newell, M. Duffy, Review of power conversion and energy management for low-power, low-voltage energy harvesting powered wireless sensors. IEEE Trans. Power Electron. 34(10), 9794\u20139805 (2019)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Power Electron."},{"issue":"3","key":"2328_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1820","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2018.2871183","volume":"15","author":"J Hu","year":"2019","unstructured":"J. Hu, J. Luo, Y. Zheng, K. Li, Graphene-grid development in energy harvesting cooperative wireless sensor networks for green IoT. IEEE Trans. Industr. Inf. 15(3), 1820\u20131829 (2019)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Industr. Inf."},{"issue":"2","key":"2328_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1109\/LMWC.2020.3037137","volume":"31","author":"A Riaz","year":"2021","unstructured":"A. Riaz, S. Zakir, M.M. Farooq, M. Awais, W.T. Khan, A triband rectifier toward millimeter-wave frequencies for energy harvesting and wireless power-transfer applications. IEEE Microw. Wirel. Compon. Lett. 31(2), 192\u2013195 (2021)","journal-title":"IEEE Microw. Wirel. Compon. Lett."},{"issue":"2","key":"2328_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2014.2368999","volume":"17","author":"X Lu","year":"2015","unstructured":"X. Lu, P. Wang, D. Niyato, D.I. Kim, H. Zhu, Wireless networks with RF energy harvesting: a contemporary survey. IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor. 17(2), 757\u2013789 (2015)","journal-title":"IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor."},{"issue":"6","key":"2328_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1237","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2021.3063051","volume":"10","author":"J Kim","year":"2021","unstructured":"J. Kim, B. Clerckx, Range expansion for wireless power transfer using joint beamforming and waveform architecture: an experimental study in indoor environment. IEEE Wirel. Commun. Lett. 10(6), 1237\u20131241 (2021)","journal-title":"IEEE Wirel. Commun. Lett."},{"issue":"4","key":"2328_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.2015.7081084","volume":"53","author":"S Bi","year":"2015","unstructured":"S. Bi, C.K. Ho, R. Zhang, Wireless powered communications: Opportunities and challenges. IEEE Commun. Mag. 53(4), 117\u2013125 (2015)","journal-title":"IEEE Commun. Mag."},{"issue":"4","key":"2328_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3717","DOI":"10.1109\/TAES.2022.3155711","volume":"58","author":"Z Lin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Z. Lin, H. Niu, K. An, Y. Wang, G. Zheng, S. Chatzinotas, Y. Hu, Refracting RIS-aided hybrid satellite-terrestrial relay networks: joint beamforming design and optimization. IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. 58(4), 3717\u20133724 (2022)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst."},{"key":"2328_CR12","volume-title":"MmWave Massive MIMO: A Paradigm for 5G","author":"S Mumtaz","year":"2016","unstructured":"S. Mumtaz, J. Rodriguez, L. Dai, MmWave Massive MIMO: A Paradigm for 5G (Academic, New York, 2016)"},{"issue":"2","key":"2328_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2017.2787460","volume":"20","author":"SA Busari","year":"2018","unstructured":"S.A. Busari, K.M.S. Huq, S. Mumtaz, L. Dai, J. Rodriguez, Millimeter-wave massive MIMO communication for future wireless systems: a survey. IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor. 20(2), 836\u2013869 (2018)","journal-title":"IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor."},{"issue":"2","key":"2328_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.2014.6736750","volume":"52","author":"W Roh","year":"2014","unstructured":"W. Roh, J.Y. Seol, J. Park, B. Lee, J. Lee, Y. Kim, J. Cho, K. Cheun, F. Aryanfar, Millimeter-wave beamforming as an enabling technology for 5G cellular communications: theoretical feasible and prototype results. IEEE Commun. Mag. 52(2), 106\u2013113 (2014)","journal-title":"IEEE Commun. Mag."},{"issue":"1","key":"2328_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2018.2799217","volume":"67","author":"GN Kamga","year":"2019","unstructured":"G.N. Kamga, S. A\u00efssa, Wireless power transfer in mmWave massive MIMO systems with\/without rain attenuation. IEEE Trans. Commun. 67(1), 176\u2013189 (2019)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Commun."},{"issue":"12","key":"2328_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12406","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2019.2946690","volume":"68","author":"P Ramezani","year":"2019","unstructured":"P. Ramezani, A. Jamalipour, Optimal resource allocation in backscatter assisted WPCN with practical energy harvesting model. IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. 68(12), 12406\u201312410 (2019)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2328_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3390","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2017.2782775","volume":"67","author":"A Li","year":"2018","unstructured":"A. Li, C. Masouros, Energy-efficient SWIPT: from fully digital to hybrid analog-digital beamforming. IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. 67(4), 3390\u20133405 (2018)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol."},{"issue":"5","key":"2328_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2464","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2019.2901491","volume":"18","author":"O Rezaei","year":"2019","unstructured":"O. Rezaei, M.M. Naghsh, Z. Rezaei, R. Zhang, Throughput optimization for wireless powered interference channels. IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. 18(5), 2464\u20132476 (2019)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun."},{"issue":"5","key":"2328_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTSP.2021.3089026","volume":"15","author":"G Kwon","year":"2021","unstructured":"G. Kwon, H. Park, M.Z. Win, Joint beamforming and power splitting for wideband millimeter wave SWIPT systems. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Signal Process. 15(5), 1211\u20131227 (2021)","journal-title":"IEEE J. Sel. Top. Signal Process."},{"issue":"20","key":"2328_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15070","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2020.3026730","volume":"8","author":"W Lu","year":"2021","unstructured":"W. Lu, P. Si, G. Huang, L. Qian, N. Zhao, Y. Gong, SWIPT cooperative spectrum sharing for 6G-enabled cognitive IoT networks. IEEE Internet Things J. 8(20), 15070\u201315080 (2021)","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J."},{"issue":"14","key":"2328_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11123","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2021.3051603","volume":"8","author":"Z Lin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Z. Lin, M. Lin, T.D. Cola, J.-B. Wang, W.-P. Zhu, J. Cheng, Supporting IoT with rate-splitting multiple access in satellite and aerial-integrated networks. IEEE Internet Things J. 8(14), 11123\u201311134 (2021)","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J."},{"issue":"4","key":"2328_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2562","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2015.2504581","volume":"15","author":"Z Wang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Z. Wang, Z. Chen, B. Xia, L. Luo, J. Zhou, Cognitive relay networks with energy harvesting and information transfer: design, analysis, and optimization. IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. 15(4), 2562\u20132576 (2016)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun."},{"issue":"2","key":"2328_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1109\/TCCN.2019.2908900","volume":"5","author":"J Ye","year":"2019","unstructured":"J. Ye, Z. Liu, H. Zhao, G. Pan, Q. Ni, M.-S. Alouini, Relay selections for cooperative underlay CR systems with energy harvesting. IEEE Trans. Commun. Netw. 5(2), 358\u2013369 (2019)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Commun. Netw."},{"issue":"6","key":"2328_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3664","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2021.3123217","volume":"21","author":"A Sirojuddin","year":"2022","unstructured":"A. Sirojuddin, W.-J. Huang, Sum-rate maximization in two-way MIMO cooperative networks with an energy harvesting relay. IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. 21(6), 3664\u20133677 (2022)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun."},{"key":"2328_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96613","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3092882","volume":"9","author":"Y Yao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Y. Yao, Z. Ni, W. Hu, M. Motani, Optimizing energy harvesting decode-and-forward relays with decoding energy costs and energy storage. IEEE Access 9, 96613\u201396628 (2021)","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"4","key":"2328_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1585","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2017.2777846","volume":"14","author":"W Lu","year":"2018","unstructured":"W. Lu, Y. Gong, X. Liu, J. Wu, H. Peng, Collaborative energy and information transfer in green wireless sensor network for smart cities. IEEE Trans. Ind. Inf. 14(4), 1585\u20131593 (2018)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Ind. Inf."},{"issue":"3","key":"2328_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTSP.2019.2899731","volume":"13","author":"Z Lin","year":"2019","unstructured":"Z. Lin, M. Lin, J.-B. Wang, T.D. Cola, J. Wang, Joint beamforming and power allocation for satellite-terrestrial integrated networks with non-orthogonal multiple access. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Signal Process. 13(3), 657\u2013670 (2019)","journal-title":"IEEE J. Sel. Top. Signal Process."},{"issue":"10","key":"2328_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9488","DOI":"10.1109\/TVT.2018.2856500","volume":"67","author":"TX Tran","year":"2018","unstructured":"T.X. Tran, W. Wang, S. Luo, K.C. The, Nonlinear energy harvesting for millimeter wave networks with large-scale antennas. IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol. 67(10), 9488\u20139498 (2018)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol."},{"issue":"9","key":"2328_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1109\/LSP.2017.2715324","volume":"24","author":"TA Khan","year":"2017","unstructured":"T.A. Khan, R.W. Heath Jr., Wireless power transfer in millimeter wave tactical networks. IEEE Signal Process. Lett. 24(9), 1284\u20131287 (2017)","journal-title":"IEEE Signal Process. Lett."},{"issue":"1","key":"2328_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2018.2846575","volume":"8","author":"J Guo","year":"2019","unstructured":"J. Guo, X. Zhou, S. Durrani, Wireless power transfer via mmWave power beacons with directional beamforming. IEEE Wirel. Commun. Lett. 8(1), 17\u201320 (2019)","journal-title":"IEEE Wirel. Commun. Lett."},{"key":"2328_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Y. Liang, Y. He, J. Qiao, Optimal power splitting for simultaneous wireless information and power transfer in millimeter-wave networks, IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops, pp. 1117\u20131122, 2020 (2020)","DOI":"10.1109\/INFOCOMWKSHPS50562.2020.9162746"},{"key":"2328_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"139994","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.3013305","volume":"8","author":"AN Uwaechia","year":"2020","unstructured":"A.N. Uwaechia, N.M. Mahyudin, Spectrum and energy efficiency optimization for hybrid precoding-based SWIPT-enabled mmWave mMIMO-NOMA systems. IEEE Access 8, 139994\u2013140007 (2020)","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"7","key":"2328_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1817","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2018.2885286","volume":"14","author":"X Sun","year":"2019","unstructured":"X. Sun, W. Yang, Y. Cai, L. Tao, Y. Liu, Y. Huang, Secure transmissions in wireless information and power transfer millimeter-wave ultra-dense networks. IEEE Trans. Inf. Forensics Secur. 14(7), 1817\u20131829 (2019)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Inf. Forensics Secur."},{"key":"2328_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAES.2022.3190238","author":"Z Lin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Z. Lin, K. An, H. Niu, Y. Hu, S. Chatzinotas, G. Zheng, J. Wang, SLNR-based secure energy efficiency beamforming in multibeam satellite systems, IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Early Access (2022). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TAES.2022.3190238","journal-title":"Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Early Access"},{"issue":"9","key":"2328_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6345","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2021.3088898","volume":"69","author":"Z Lin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Z. Lin, B. Champagne, W.-P. Zhu, N. Al-Dhahir, Secrey-energy efficient hybrid beamforming for satellite-terrestrial integrated networks. IEEE Trans. Commun. 69(9), 6345\u20136360 (2021)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Commun."},{"issue":"2","key":"2328_CR36","first-page":"2085","volume":"59","author":"Z Lin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Z. Lin, K. An, H. Niu, Y. Hu, S. Chatzinotas, G. Zheng, J. Wang, SLNR-based secure energy efficient beamforming in multibeam satellite systems. IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. 59(2), 2085\u20132088 (2023)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst."},{"issue":"2","key":"2328_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1109\/TMTT.2009.2037854","volume":"58","author":"H Wang","year":"2010","unstructured":"H. Wang, D.G. Fang, M. Li, A single-channel microstrip electronic tracking antenna array with time sequence phase weighting on sub-array. IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 58(2), 253\u2013258 (2010)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech."},{"issue":"6","key":"2328_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1164","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2014.2328154","volume":"32","author":"MR Akdeniz","year":"2014","unstructured":"M.R. Akdeniz, Y. Liu, M.K. Samimi et al., Millimeter wave channel modeling and cellular capacity evaluation. IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun. 32(6), 1164\u20131179 (2014)","journal-title":"IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun."},{"issue":"2","key":"2328_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1109\/TWC.2015.2483493","volume":"15","author":"G Lee","year":"2016","unstructured":"G. Lee, Y. Sung, J. Seo, Randomly-directional beamforming in millimeter-wave multiuser MISO downlink. IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun. 15(2), 1086\u20131100 (2016)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Wireless Commun."},{"key":"2328_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7667","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2017.2673248","volume":"5","author":"Z Ding","year":"2017","unstructured":"Z. Ding, P. Fan, H.V. Poor, Random beamforming in NOMA networks. IEEE Access 5, 7667\u20137681 (2017)","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"issue":"5","key":"2328_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2264","DOI":"10.1109\/TCOMM.2017.2676103","volume":"65","author":"Y Zeng","year":"2017","unstructured":"Y. Zeng, B. Clerckx, R. Zhang, Communications and signals design for wireless power transmission. IEEE Trans. Commun. 65(5), 2264\u20132290 (2017)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Commun."},{"issue":"3","key":"2328_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1989","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2018.2819645","volume":"5","author":"T Lv","year":"2018","unstructured":"T. Lv, Y. Ma, J. Zeng et al., Millimeter-wave NOMA transmission in cellular M2M communications for internet of things. IEEE Internet Things J. 5(3), 1989\u20132000 (2018)","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J."},{"issue":"1","key":"2328_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1109\/LWC.2020.3021636","volume":"10","author":"X Luo","year":"2020","unstructured":"X. Luo, H. Zhu, IRS-based TDMA reciprocity breaking for pilot decontamination in massive MIMO. IEEE Wirel. Commun. Lett. 10(1), 102\u2013106 (2020)","journal-title":"IEEE Wirel. Commun. Lett."},{"key":"2328_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511804441","volume-title":"Convex Optimization","author":"S Boyd","year":"2004","unstructured":"S. Boyd, L. Vandenberghe, Convex Optimization (Cambridge University Press, New York, 2004)"},{"key":"2328_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J.C. Guo, Q.Y. Yu, W.X. Meng, M. Xiang, Ergodic energy efficiency of mmWave system considering insertion loss under dynamic subarray architecture, in IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (2020)","DOI":"10.1109\/VTC2020-Spring48590.2020.9129395"},{"issue":"3","key":"2328_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTSP.2018.2819118","volume":"12","author":"X Jiang","year":"2018","unstructured":"X. Jiang, F. Kaltenberger, Channel reciprocity calibration in TDMA hybrid beamforming massive MIMO systems. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Signal Process. 12(3), 422\u2013431 (2018)","journal-title":"IEEE J. Sel. Top. Signal Process."}],"container-title":["EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13638-023-02328-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13638-023-02328-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13638-023-02328-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,2]],"date-time":"2024-01-02T12:09:46Z","timestamp":1704197386000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jwcn-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13638-023-02328-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,2]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2328"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13638-023-02328-2","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-3168693\/v1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1687-1499"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1687-1499","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 July 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 December 2023","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 January 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"1"}}