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We utilize a simultaneous transmission and reflection reconfigurable intelligent surface (STAR-RIS) that transmits and reflects incoming signals to users located on different sides of the surface. Specifically, we design the flow of multi-user channel probing when STAR-RIS is assisted, analyze and derive the analytical expression of the secret key capacity (SKC) of STAR-RIS-assisted system from the perspective of information theory, and finally analyze how to maximize the SKC and sum of all users under three different working protocols of STAR-RIS. The simulation results show that: (1) STAR-RIS can achieve better SKC performance than the conventional reflection\/transmission RIS; and (2) the SKC is determined by the number of STAR-RIS elements, correlation coefficient, pilot length and RIS-reflected channel quality, and the time switching protocol can obtain higher SKC than the energy splitting protocol and mode switching protocol.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13638-024-02388-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,15]],"date-time":"2024-07-15T16:02:47Z","timestamp":1721059367000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["STAR-RIS-assisted key generation method in quasi-static environment"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"2024","author":[{"given":"Yang","family":"Ma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7202-4939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liquan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Tianyu","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Yufan","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Kailin","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"2388_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1109\/MCOM.2015.7120014","volume":"53","author":"K Zeng","year":"2015","unstructured":"K. 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