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Netw."],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    In this paper, we have investigated the outage probabilities (OPs) and the ergodic rates (ERs) of uplink reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted non-orthogonal and orthogonal multiple-access (NOMA and OMA) networks. Particularly, we have tackled a challenging scenario in which both user equipments (UEs) need assistance from the same RIS unit to communicate with the base station (BS). We have modeled all the UEs\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:alternatives>\n                        <jats:tex-math>$$\\rightarrow$$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                        <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                          <mml:mo>\u2192<\/mml:mo>\n                        <\/mml:math>\n                      <\/jats:alternatives>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    RIS and RIS\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:alternatives>\n                        <jats:tex-math>$$\\rightarrow$$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                        <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                          <mml:mo>\u2192<\/mml:mo>\n                        <\/mml:math>\n                      <\/jats:alternatives>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    BS links as Nakagami-\n                    <jats:italic>m<\/jats:italic>\n                    variates. To assess the performance of these networks, we have derived the necessary statistics for the effective channel gain of the reflected (UE\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:alternatives>\n                        <jats:tex-math>$$\\rightarrow$$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                        <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                          <mml:mo>\u2192<\/mml:mo>\n                        <\/mml:math>\n                      <\/jats:alternatives>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    RIS\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:alternatives>\n                        <jats:tex-math>$$\\rightarrow$$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                        <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                          <mml:mo>\u2192<\/mml:mo>\n                        <\/mml:math>\n                      <\/jats:alternatives>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    BS) link for the randomly phase-shifted UE, while adopting its already-existing counterpart statistics for the coherently phase-shifted one. On the basis of that, we have derived closed-form expressions for the OPs and the ERs for both RIS-assisted NOMA and OMA schemes. Finally, to get further insights on these results, we have elaborated on the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13638-025-02560-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T05:04:30Z","timestamp":1768280670000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Uplink RIS-assisted NOMA\/OMA networks: a theoretical study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"2026","author":[{"given":"Slimane","family":"Benmahmoud","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Abdelhalim","family":"Rabehi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"El-Hadi","family":"Meftah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Abdelaziz","family":"Rabehi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Xiaofan","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0959-2965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takele Ferede","family":"Agajie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2560_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2450","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2020.3007211","volume":"38","author":"M di Renzo","year":"2020","unstructured":"M. di Renzo, A. 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