{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T13:49:47Z","timestamp":1740145787708,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,1]],"date-time":"2019-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575158400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,10]],"date-time":"2019-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575936000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Image Video Proc."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this paper, a novel particle filter\u2013based visual contour tracking method is proposed, which uses inner-contour model to track contour object under complex background. The purpose is to achieve effectiveness and robustness against complex background. To that end, the proposed method first utilized Sobel edge detector to detect the edge information along the normal line of the contour. Then, it sampled the inner part of the normal line to get the local color information, which was then combined with the edge information to construct new normal line likelihood. After that, all the inner color information was used to construct global color likelihood. Finally, the edge information, local color information, and global color information were fused into new observation likelihood. Experimental results showed that the proposed method was robust for contours tracking under complex background, and it was also computationally efficient and can run in real-time completely.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13640-019-0487-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,10]],"date-time":"2019-12-10T12:03:56Z","timestamp":1575979436000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Visual contour tracking based on inner-contour model particle filter under complex background"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"2019","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1386-7650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Songxiao","family":"Cao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Xuanyin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"487_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1145\/1177352.1177355","volume":"38","author":"A Yilmaz","year":"2006","unstructured":"A. Yilmaz, O. Javed, M. Shah, Object tracking: a survey. ACM Comput. Surv. 38(4), 13 (2006)","journal-title":"ACM Comput. Surv."},{"issue":"1","key":"487_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008078328650","volume":"29","author":"M Isard","year":"1998","unstructured":"M. Isard, A. Blake, CONDENSATION\u2014conditional density propagation for visual tracking. Int. J. Comput. Vis. 29(1), 5\u201328 (1998)","journal-title":"Int. J. Comput. Vis."},{"issue":"1","key":"487_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/S0262-8856(02)00133-6","volume":"21","author":"P Li","year":"2003","unstructured":"P. Li, T. Zhang, A.E.C. Pece, Visual contour tracking based on particle filters. Image Vis. Comput. 21(1), 111\u2013123 (2003)","journal-title":"Image Vis. Comput."},{"issue":"7","key":"487_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1442","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2013.230","volume":"36","author":"AWM Smeulders","year":"2014","unstructured":"A.W.M. Smeulders et al., Visual tracking: an experimental survey. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 36(7), 1442\u20131468 (2014)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"issue":"9","key":"487_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1007\/s00371-016-1268-2","volume":"33","author":"P Lv","year":"2016","unstructured":"P. Lv et al., Multiple cues-based active contours for target contour tracking under sophisticated background. Vis. Comput. 33(9), 1103\u20131119 (2016)","journal-title":"Vis. Comput."},{"key":"487_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Isard, M. and A. Blake. Contour tracking by stochastic propagation of conditional density. in European Conference on Computer Vision. 1996.","DOI":"10.1007\/BFb0015549"},{"issue":"6","key":"487_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1109\/34.771328","volume":"22","author":"N Peterfreund","year":"1999","unstructured":"N. Peterfreund, Robust tracking of position and velocity with Kalman snakes. Pami 22(6), 564\u2013569 (1999)","journal-title":"Pami"},{"issue":"2","key":"487_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2006.08.007","volume":"105","author":"FY Shih","year":"2007","unstructured":"F.Y. Shih, Z. Kai, Locating object contours in complex background using improved snakes. Computer Vision & Image Understanding 105(2), 93\u201398 (2007)","journal-title":"Computer Vision & Image Understanding"},{"key":"487_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chockalingam, P., N. Pradeep, and S. Birchfield. Adaptive fragments-based tracking of non-rigid objects using level sets. in IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision. 2009.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2009.5459276"},{"issue":"9","key":"487_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2006.190","volume":"28","author":"C Yunqiang","year":"2006","unstructured":"C. Yunqiang, R. Yong, T.S. Huang, Multicue HMM-UKF for real-time contour tracking. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 28(9), 1525\u20131529 (2006)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"issue":"10","key":"487_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cviu.2012.11.005","volume":"117","author":"M Godec","year":"2013","unstructured":"M. Godec, P.M. Roth, H. Bischof, Hough-based tracking of non-rigid objects. Comput. Vis. Image Underst. 117(10), 1245\u20131256 (2013)","journal-title":"Comput. Vis. Image Underst."},{"key":"487_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"MacCormick, J. and A. Blake. A probabilistic exclusion principle for tracking multiple objects. in Proceedings of the Seventh IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision. 1999.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.1999.791275"},{"key":"487_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4471-0679-1","volume-title":"Stochastic algorithms for visual tracking","author":"J Maccormick","year":"2002","unstructured":"J. Maccormick, Stochastic algorithms for visual tracking (2002)"},{"key":"487_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Babenko, B., M.H. Yang, and S. Belongie. Visual tracking with online multiple instance learning. in Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 2009. CVPR 2009. IEEE Conference on. 2009.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2009.5206737"},{"key":"487_CR15","unstructured":"Yan, C., et al., Cross-modality bridging and knowledge transferring for image understanding. IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, 2019: p. 1-1."},{"key":"487_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yan, C., et al., STAT: spatial-temporal attention mechanism for video captioning. IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, 2019: p. 1-1.","DOI":"10.1109\/TMM.2019.2924576"},{"issue":"12","key":"487_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3389","DOI":"10.1109\/TMM.2018.2838320","volume":"20","author":"C Yan","year":"2018","unstructured":"C. Yan et al., A fast Uyghur text detector for complex background images. IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 20(12), 3389\u20133398 (2018)","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Multimedia"}],"container-title":["EURASIP Journal on Image and Video Processing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13640-019-0487-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13640-019-0487-7\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13640-019-0487-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,9]],"date-time":"2020-12-09T01:05:23Z","timestamp":1607475923000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jivp-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13640-019-0487-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]}},"alternative-id":["487"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13640-019-0487-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1687-5281"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1687-5281"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 February 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 November 2019","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"10 December 2019","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Not applicable","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"85"}}