{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T01:55:25Z","timestamp":1769910925605,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,8]],"date-time":"2018-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1515369600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,8]],"date-time":"2018-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1515369600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Hum. Cent. Comput. Inf. Sci."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cloud computing is the driving power behind the current technological era. Virtualization is rightly referred to as the backbone of cloud computing. Impacts of virtualization employed in high performance computing (HPC) has been much reviewed by researchers. The overhead in the virtualization layer was one of the reasons which hindered its application in the HPC environment. Recent developments in virtualization, especially the OS container based virtualization provides a solution that employs a lightweight virtualization layer and promises lesser overhead. Containers are advantageous over virtual machines in terms of performance overhead which is a major concern in the case of both data intensive applications and compute intensive applications. Currently, several industries have adopted container technologies such as Docker. While Docker is widely used, it has certain pitfalls such as security issues. The recently introduced CoreOS Rkt container technology overcomes these shortcomings of Docker. There has not been much research on how the Rkt environment is suited for high performance applications. The differences in the stack of the Rkt containers suggest better support for high performance applications. High performance applications consist of CPU-intensive and data-intensive applications. The High Performance Linpack Library and the Graph500 are the commonly used computation intensive and data-intensive benchmark applications respectively. In this work, we explore the feasibility of this inter-operable Rkt container in high performance applications by running the HPL and Graph500 applications and compare its performance with the commonly used container technologies such as LXC and Docker containers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13673-017-0124-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,3]],"date-time":"2018-01-03T10:45:53Z","timestamp":1514976353000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Exploring the support for high performance applications in the container runtime environment"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6850-9079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John Paul","family":"Martin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A.","family":"Kandasamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"K.","family":"Chandrasekaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"124_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1186\/s13673-017-0109-2","volume":"7","author":"Y Moon","year":"2017","unstructured":"Moon Y, Yu H, Gil J-M, Lim J (2017) A slave ants based ant colony optimization algorithm for task scheduling in cloud computing environments. Hum-centric Comput Inf Sci 7(1):28","journal-title":"Hum-centric Comput Inf Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"124_CR2","first-page":"538","volume":"12","author":"W Zhu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhu W, Lee C (2016) A security protection framework for cloud computing. J Inf Process Syst 12(3):538\u2013547","journal-title":"J Inf Process Syst"},{"issue":"2","key":"124_CR3","first-page":"226","volume":"12","author":"J Kar","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kar J, Mishra MR (2016) Mitigate threats and security metrics in cloud computing. J Inf Process Syst 12(2):226\u2013233","journal-title":"J Inf Process Syst"},{"issue":"1","key":"124_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13673-016-0060-7","volume":"6","author":"J-H Huh","year":"2016","unstructured":"Huh J-H, Seo K (2016) Design and test bed experiments of server operation system using virtualization technology. Hum-centric Comput Inf Sci 6(1):1","journal-title":"Hum-centric Comput Inf Sci"},{"key":"124_CR5","unstructured":"Yu H-E, Huang W (2015) Building a virtual hpc cluster with auto scaling by the docker. arXiv preprint arXiv:1509.08231"},{"key":"124_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpdc.2017.08.011","volume":"111","author":"T Louati","year":"2018","unstructured":"Louati T, Abbes H, C\u00e9rin C, Jemni M (2018) Lxcloud-cr: towards linux containers distributed hash table based checkpoint-restart. J Parallel Distrib Comput 111:187\u2013205","journal-title":"J Parallel Distrib Comput"},{"key":"124_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2015.09.232","volume":"68","author":"A Ciuffoletti","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ciuffoletti A (2015) Automated deployment of a microservice-based monitoring infrastructure. Procedia Comput Sci 68:163\u2013172","journal-title":"Procedia Comput Sci"},{"key":"124_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Babu A, Hareesh M, Martin JP, Cherian S, Sastri Y (2014) System performance evaluation of para virtualization, container virtualization, and full virtualization using xen, openvz, and xenserver. In: 2014 fourth international conference on advances in computing and communications (ICACC). IEEE, New York, pp 247\u2013250","DOI":"10.1109\/ICACC.2014.66"},{"key":"124_CR9","unstructured":"CoreOS. https:\/\/coreos.com\/rkt. Accessed 23 June 2017"},{"key":"124_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Julian S, Shuey M, Cook S (2016) Containers in research: initial experiences with lightweight infrastructure. In: Proceedings of the XSEDE16 conference on diversity, big data, and science at scale. ACM, New York, p 25","DOI":"10.1145\/2949550.2949562"},{"key":"124_CR11","unstructured":"Jacobsen DM, Canon RS (2015) Contain this, unleashing docker for hpc. In: Proceedings of the Cray User Group"},{"key":"124_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Felter W, Ferreira A, Rajamony R, Rubio J (2015) An updated performance comparison of virtual machines and linux containers. In: 2015 IEEE international symposium on performance analysis of systems and software (ISPASS). IEEE, New York, pp 171\u2013172","DOI":"10.1109\/ISPASS.2015.7095802"},{"key":"124_CR13","unstructured":"Linux LXC. https:\/\/linuxcontainers.org\/lxc\/. Accessed 23 June 2017"},{"key":"124_CR14","unstructured":"Docker Hub. https:\/\/hub.docker.com\/. Accessed 23 June 2017"},{"key":"124_CR15","unstructured":"Kniep C (2014) Containerization of high performance compute workloads using docker. doc.qnib.org"},{"key":"124_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2017.01.007","volume":"127","author":"C de Alfonso","year":"2017","unstructured":"de Alfonso C, Calatrava A, Molt\u00f3 G (2017) Container-based virtual elastic clusters. J Syst Softw 127:1\u201311","journal-title":"J Syst Softw"},{"key":"124_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morabito R, Kj\u00e4llman J, Komu M (2015) Hypervisors vs. lightweight virtualization: a performance comparison. In: 2015 IEEE international conference on cloud engineering (IC2E). IEEE, New York, pp 386\u2013393","DOI":"10.1109\/IC2E.2015.74"},{"key":"124_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xavier MG, Neves MV, Rossi FD, Ferreto TC, Lange T, De\u00a0Rose CA (2013) Performance evaluation of container-based virtualization for high performance computing environments. In: 2013 21st euromicro international conference on parallel, distributed and network-based processing (PDP). IEEE, New York, pp 233\u2013240","DOI":"10.1109\/PDP.2013.41"},{"key":"124_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chung MT, Quang-Hung N, Nguyen M-T, Thoai N (2016) Using docker in high performance computing applications. In: 2016 IEEE sixth international conference on communications and electronics (ICCE). IEEE, New York, pp 52\u201357","DOI":"10.1109\/CCE.2016.7562612"},{"key":"124_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.future.2016.08.025","volume":"68","author":"Z Kozhirbayev","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kozhirbayev Z, Sinnott RO (2017) A performance comparison of container-based technologies for the cloud. Fut Gener Comput Syst 68:175\u2013182","journal-title":"Fut Gener Comput Syst"},{"key":"124_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bdr.2015.12.002","volume":"3","author":"PCV Varma","year":"2016","unstructured":"Varma PCV, Kumari VV, Raju SV et al (2016) Analysis of a network io bottleneck in big data environments based on docker containers. Big Data Res 3:24\u201328","journal-title":"Big Data Res"},{"key":"124_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chung MT, Le A, Quang-Hung N, Nguyen D-D, Thoai N (2016) Provision of docker and infiniband in high performance computing. In: 2016 international conference on advanced computing and applications (ACOMP). IEEE, New York, pp 127\u2013134","DOI":"10.1109\/ACOMP.2016.027"},{"issue":"2","key":"124_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1007\/s10723-016-9366-y","volume":"14","author":"R Peinl","year":"2016","unstructured":"Peinl R, Holzschuher F, Pfitzer F (2016) Docker cluster management for the cloud-survey results and own solution. J Grid Comput 14(2):265\u2013282","journal-title":"J Grid Comput"},{"key":"124_CR24","unstructured":"HPL\u2014a portable implementation of the high-performance Linpack benchmark for distributed-memory computers. http:\/\/www.netlib.org\/benchmark\/hpl\/. Accessed 4 July 2017"},{"key":"124_CR25","unstructured":"Top 10 (2016) http:\/\/www.graph500.org\/. Accessed 4 July 2017"}],"container-title":["Human-centric Computing and Information Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13673-017-0124-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13673-017-0124-3\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13673-017-0124-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,30]],"date-time":"2021-07-30T08:22:26Z","timestamp":1627633346000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s13673-017-0124-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,8]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]}},"alternative-id":["124"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13673-017-0124-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["2192-1962"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2192-1962","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 July 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 December 2017","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 January 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"1"}}