{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T14:52:07Z","timestamp":1781621527113,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764028800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764028800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Cloud Comp"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The rising prevalence of diabetes and hypertension among children calls for innovative solutions to enhance health management. This study introduces a novel pediatric health monitoring system integrating real-time data acquisition, automated alerts, voice-assisted interventions, and gamified educational elements to engage young users. The system demonstrated a rapid response time of 1.8 seconds to abnormal readings, a socket latency of 2.6 seconds, and achieved an accuracy of 98.7% in detecting critical health anomalies, ensuring timely interventions and reliable monitoring. By combining automated real-time monitoring with a gamified experience, the system empowers caregivers to act swiftly, enhances user engagement, and improves health outcomes for children. This work lays the groundwork for advancements in telemedicine, personalized healthcare, and child-centric digital health solutions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s13677-025-00796-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T12:29:58Z","timestamp":1764073798000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Smart health monitoring: an interactive Raspberry Pi-based system for managing diabetes and hypertension in children"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ruppikha Sree","family":"Shankar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanuja","family":"Shailesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vijaya Arjunan","family":"R","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krishnaraj","family":"Chadaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Cenitta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"796_CR1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2016) Global report on diabetes. Who, tech. Rep. [Online]. Available: https:\/\/iris.who.int\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/204871\/9789241565257-eng.pdf"},{"key":"796_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vennu TAAV, Bindawas SM (2019 Oct) The prevalence of overweight, obesity, hypertension, and diabetes in India: analysis of the 2015\u20132016 national family health survey. Int J Environ Res Pub Health Public Health 16(20):3987","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16203987"},{"key":"796_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"AD Association (2021 Dec) Children and adolescents: standards of medical care in diabetes-2022. Diabetes Care 45(Supplement 1):S208\u2013S231","DOI":"10.2337\/dc22-S014"},{"key":"796_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"El-Remessy AB (2022 Dec) Diabetic ketoacidosis management: updates and challenges for specific patient population. Endocrines 3(4):801\u2013812","DOI":"10.3390\/endocrines3040066"},{"key":"796_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mattison G, Canfell O, Forrester D, Dobbins C, Smith D, T\u00f6yr\u00e4s J, Sullivan C (2022) The influence of wearables on health care outcomes in chronic disease: systematic review. J Med Int Res 24.7:e36690.","DOI":"10.2196\/36690"},{"key":"796_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sugandh F, Chandio M, Raveena F, Kumar L, Karishma F, Khuwaja S, Memon UA, Bai K, Kashif M, Varrassi G, Khatri M, Kumar S (2023) Advances in the management of diabetes mellitus: a focus on personalized medicine. Cureus 15(8):1\u201313","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.43697"},{"key":"796_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mardhiyah SLPA, Mediani HS (2034. 2022 Oct) Reducing psychological impacts on children with chronic disease via family empowerment: a scoping review. Healthcare 10(10)","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare10102034"},{"key":"796_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gkintoni CSPAE, Vantaraki F, Vantarakis A (2024 Jan) Promoting physical and mental health among children and adolescents via gam- ification-a conceptual systematic review. Behavioral Sci 14(2):102\u2013102","DOI":"10.3390\/bs14020102"},{"key":"796_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jaser SS (2010 Apr) Psychological problems in adolescents with diabetes. Adolesc Med State Art Rev 21(1):138. Available: https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlmnih.gov\/articles\/PMC3721971\/. Accessed 18 Oct 18 2024","DOI":"10.1542\/9781581105179-psychological"},{"key":"796_CR10","unstructured":"Six TPTSG, Byrne KA, Pericot-Valverde I (2021 Jul) Examining the effectiveness of gamification in mental health applications for depression. A systematic review and meta-analysis (preprint). JMIR Ment Health 8(11)"},{"key":"796_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moreira R et al (2024 Apr) Gamification and oral health in children and ado- lescents: scoping review. Interact J Med Res 13(1):e35132","DOI":"10.2196\/35132"},{"key":"796_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pimentel-Ponce M et al (2023 Dec) Gamification and neurological motor rehabilitation in children and adolescents: a systematic review. In: Neurolog\u00b4\u0131a, English edn, vol 39, no. 1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nrleng.2023.12.006"},{"key":"796_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mahmoudi E et al (2024 Jun) Gamification in mobile apps for children with disabilities: scoping review. JMIR Serious Games 12:e49 029\u2013e49 029","DOI":"10.2196\/49029"},{"key":"796_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arampatzakis V, Sevetlidis V, Derri V, Raffi M, Pavlidis G (2025 Jul) Towards reshaping children\u2019s habits: Vitalia\u2019s ar-gamified ap- proach. Information 16(7):606","DOI":"10.3390\/info16070606"},{"key":"796_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bas-Sarmiento P, Julia\u00b4n-Lo\u00b4pez C, Ferna\u00b4ndez-Gutie\u00b4rrez M, Poza-Me\u00b4ndez M, Mar\u00b4\u0131n-Paz A-J (2025 Mar) Gamified ehealth inter- ventions for health promotion and disease prevention in children and adolescents: a scoping review. Humanit Soc Sci Commun 12(1)","DOI":"10.1057\/s41599-025-04670-w"},{"key":"796_CR16","unstructured":"Lee ZSJ, Chen Y (2024 Jan) Mobile apps for children\u2019s health and wellbeing: design features and future opportunities. AMIA Annu Symp Proc 2023:1027. Available: https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10785842\/. Accessed 18 Oct 2024"},{"key":"796_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tennant KMR, Allana S, Burns CM (2022 Mar) Caregiver expecta- tions for interfacing with voice assistants to support complex home care: mixed-methods study (preprint). JMIR Hum Factors","DOI":"10.2196\/preprints.37688"},{"key":"796_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Samal CDJWABL, Fu H, Dorr DA (2021 Aug) Health information technology to improve care for people with multiple chronic conditions. Health Serv Res 56(1):1006\u20131036","DOI":"10.1111\/1475-6773.13860"},{"key":"796_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E S et al. (2020 Feb) Capturing at-home health and care information for children with medical complexity using voice interactive technologies: multi-stakeholder viewpoint. J Med Internet Res 22(2):e14202","DOI":"10.2196\/14202"},{"key":"796_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S A et al (2022) Iot-based healthcare-monitoring system towards im- proving quality of life: a review. Healthcare 10(10):1993","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare10101993"},{"key":"796_CR21","unstructured":"Alsahi Q, Marhoon A (2020) Design health care system using Raspberry Pi and esp32. Int J Multiling Computer Appl 177(36):975\u20138887. Available: https:\/\/www.ijcaonline.org\/archives\/volume177\/number36\/alsahi-2020-ijca-919863.pdf. Accessed 07 Jun 2023"},{"key":"796_CR22","unstructured":"T. K. J. R.N, Gahlyan K, Munde R (2023) Automatic health care monitoring system using raspberry pi. Int Res J Modern Eng Technol Sci 5(8)"},{"key":"796_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pardeshi SMV, Sagar S, Hage P (2017 Feb) Health monitoring systems using iot and Raspberry Pi - a review. In: 2017 International Conference on Innovative Mechanisms for Industry Applications (ICIMIA)","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIMIA.2017.7975587"},{"key":"796_CR24","unstructured":"Kimmatkar SSMPM, Hudkan K, Gajbiye V. Iot home automation by Raspberry Pi. Int Res J Modern Eng Technol Sci 2582\u20135208"},{"key":"796_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu BGJYY, Dong B, Peng W (2015 Dec) Combination of cloud computing and internet of things (iot) in medical monitoring systems. Int J Soc Res Methodol Hybrid Inf Technol 8(12):367\u2013376","DOI":"10.14257\/ijhit.2015.8.12.28"},{"key":"796_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hosseini KQSHMM, Hosseini STM, Tabar SSS (2023 Nov) Smartwatches in healthcare medicine: assistance and monitoring; a scoping review. BMC Med Inf Decis 23(1):248","DOI":"10.1186\/s12911-023-02350-w"},{"key":"796_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bergenstal RM (2018) Understanding continuous glucose monitoring data. PubMed. Available: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK538967\/","DOI":"10.2337\/db20181-20"},{"key":"796_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Subbaian VBSVSLK, Ghanimi HMA, Sengan S (2024 Mar) A non-invasive smart healthcare monitoring system based on the internet of things. J Educ Chang Auton Intel 7(5):1571\u20131571","DOI":"10.32629\/jai.v7i5.1571"},{"key":"796_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A.D. Association (2017 Dec) Standards of medical care in diabetes-2018 abridged for primary care providers. Clin Diabetes 36(1):14\u201337","DOI":"10.2337\/cd17-0119"},{"key":"796_CR30","unstructured":"Bhat NM (2023) pyttsx3: text-to-speech library for Python, Python package index (PyPI). [Online]. Available: https:\/\/pypi.org\/project\/pyttsx3\/"},{"key":"796_CR31","unstructured":"Adafruit (2020) Adafruit SSD1306 oled display Driver library, GitHub. [Online]. Available: https:\/\/github.com\/adafruit\/AdafruitSSD1306"},{"key":"796_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cappon G, Vettoretti M, Sparacino G, Facchinetti A (2019) Continuous glucose monitoring sensors for diabetes management: a review of technologies and applications. Diabetes Metab J 43(4):383\u2013397","DOI":"10.4093\/dmj.2019.0121"},{"key":"796_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tauschmann M et al (2025 Jan) International society for pediatric and adolescent diabetes clinical practice consensus guidelines 2024: diabetes technologies-glucose monitoring. Horm Res Paediatr 571\u2013591","DOI":"10.1159\/000543156"},{"key":"796_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schoettker P et al (2020 Oct) Blood pressure measurements with the OptiBP smartphone app validated against reference auscultatory measure- ments. Sci Rep 10(1)","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-74955-4"},{"key":"796_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guillot H et al (2020 Sep) Accuracy of the dexcom g6 glucose sensor during aerobic, resistance, and interval exercise in adults with type 1 diabetes. Biosensors 10(10):138","DOI":"10.3390\/bios10100138"},{"key":"796_CR36","unstructured":"Degott J et al (2021 Jun) Smartphone-based blood pressure measurement. Blood Press Monit. Published Ahead of Print"},{"key":"796_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yapanis M, James S, Craig ME, O\u2019Neal D, Ekinci EI (2022 Jan) Complications of diabetes and metrics of glycemic management derived from continuous glucose monitoring. J Clin Endocr Metab 107(6):e2221\u2013e2236","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgac034"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cloud Computing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13677-025-00796-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s13677-025-00796-z","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s13677-025-00796-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T13:55:16Z","timestamp":1781618116000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s13677-025-00796-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["796"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13677-025-00796-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["2192-113X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2192-113X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 April 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 October 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 November 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"70"}}