{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T12:12:04Z","timestamp":1773317524668,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,26]],"date-time":"2021-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619395200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,26]],"date-time":"2021-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619395200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Big Data"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The analysis of various data is a challenging issue in the field of air traffic flow management (ATFM). Managing a large volume of data and their correct interpretation plays a key role in the prevention of air accidents, human errors, and flight interactions. In general, pilots and flight navigators deal with massive and variety information, including flight safety messages, meteorological messages, aviation notes for air man (NOTAMs) and etc. Therefore relationship between Heterogeneous big data is problem. Recently, the semantic web has been recognized as a novel foundation of knowledge management that relies on ontology (concept modeling language). The present study aimed to propose an efficient infrastructure for ATMs by defining the concepts, rules, and relationships between the concepts related to the scope of flight information. To this end, we designed and implemented the ontology of flight safety messages, which included an important part of flight operation information. In this research, the internet protocol suite (IPS)-based aviation networks and methontology methodology were exploited for the engineering of the ontology of flight messages. In addition, the implementation process was carried out using the Prot\u00e9g\u00e9 software. The analysis of the system was performed using the actual data of Mashhad Airport, Iran. Finally, the implementation of the ontology of flight messages was demonstrated after a case study of several flight examples. The developed ontology could be incorporated into the foundation of an aeronautical telecommunication network (ATN) aviation network as an application.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40537-021-00449-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,26]],"date-time":"2021-04-26T12:03:17Z","timestamp":1619438597000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Ontology generation for flight safety messages in air traffic management"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Mahdi","family":"Yousefzadeh Aghdam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3043-0207","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seyed Reza","family":"Kamel Tabbakh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seyed Javad","family":"Mahdavi Chabok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"kheyrabadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"449_CR1","unstructured":"Knublauch, Holger; Oberle, Daniel; Tetlow, Phil; Wallace, Evan (March 9, 2006)."},{"key":"449_CR2","unstructured":"W3C Invites Chinese Web Developers, Industry, Academia to Assume Greater Role in Global Web Innovation. W3.org. 20 January 2013. Retrieved\u00a030 November\u00a02013."},{"key":"449_CR3","unstructured":"Current Members-W3C. World Wide Web Consortium. 29 March 2012. Retrieved\u00a015 October\u00a02019."},{"key":"449_CR4","unstructured":"Jump up to:a\u00a0b\u00a0W3C (September 2009).\u00a0World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) About the Consortium. Retrieved\u00a021 October\u00a02019."},{"key":"449_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vesselin P. Chapter VI: Process ontology in the context of applied philosophy. In: Vesselin P, editors. Ontological landscapes: recent thought on conceptual interfaces between science, philosophy. Ontos Verlag. 2011; pp.\u00a0137\u00a0ff.\u00a0ISBN\u00a03-86838-107-4.","DOI":"10.1515\/9783110319811.137"},{"key":"449_CR6","unstructured":"Mizoguchi R, Vanwelkenhuysen J, Ikeda M. Task ontology for reuse of problem solving knowledge. In: Mars NJI, editor. Towards very large knowledge bases: knowledge building & knowledge sharing. 1997."},{"key":"449_CR7","unstructured":"Noy NF, McGuinness DL. Ontology development 101: a guide to creating your first ontology (Technical Report No. SMI-2001-0880) 2001."},{"key":"449_CR8","unstructured":"Reiss M, Moal M, Barnard Y, Ramu J-P, Froger A. Using ontologies to conceptualize the aeronautical domain. In: Paper presented at the International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction in Aeronautics."},{"key":"449_CR9","unstructured":"Vukmirovic M, Paprzycki M, Szymczak M. Designing ontology for the open travel alliance airline messaging specification. In: Proceedings of the 2006 Information Society Multiconference. 2006. Citeseer."},{"key":"449_CR10","unstructured":"Putten B-Jv, Wolfe S, Dignum M. An ontology for traffic flow management 2008."},{"key":"449_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marshall JR, Morris AT. Organization\u2019s orderly interest exploration: inception, development and insights of AIAA\u2019s topics database. In: Paper presented at the AIAA Infotech@Aerospace. 2007.","DOI":"10.2514\/6.2007-2936"},{"key":"449_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Neff JM, Some R, Lyke J. Lessons learned in building a spacecraft XML taxonomy and ontology. In: Paper presented at the AIAA Infotech@Aerospace. 2007.","DOI":"10.2514\/6.2007-2913"},{"key":"449_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Valente A, Holmes D, Alvidrez FC. Using a military information ontology to build semantic architecture models for airspace systems. In: Paper presented at the IEEE Aerospace Conference; 2005.","DOI":"10.1109\/AERO.2005.1559635"},{"key":"449_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Durak U, Oguztuzun H, Ider SK. An ontology for trajectory simulation. In: Paper presented at the 38th Winter Simulation Conference; 2006.","DOI":"10.1109\/WSC.2006.323207"},{"issue":"2","key":"449_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1017\/S0269888904000244","volume":"19","author":"V Dignum","year":"2004","unstructured":"Dignum V, Dignum F, Meyer JJ. An agent-mediated approach to the support of knowledge sharing in organizations. Knowl Eng Rev. 2004;19(2):147\u201374.","journal-title":"Knowl Eng Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"449_CR16","first-page":"134","volume":"3","author":"M Sierhuis","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sierhuis M, Clancey WJ, Van Hoof R. Brahms: a multiagent modeling environment for simulating work processes and practices. Int J Simul Process Model Inderscience Publishers. 2007;3(3):134\u201352.","journal-title":"Int J Simul Process Model Inderscience Publishers"},{"key":"449_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Idris H et al. Field observations of interactions between traffic flow management and airline operations. In: AIAA 6th Aviation, Technology, Integration, and Operations Conference (ATIO\u201906). Wichita, Kansas; 2006.","DOI":"10.2514\/6.2006-7721"},{"key":"449_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Idris H et al. Operational concept for collaborative traffic flow management based on field observations. In: AIAA 5th Aviation, Technology, Integration, and Operations Conference (ATIO\u201905). Arlington, Virginia; 2005.","DOI":"10.2514\/6.2005-7434"},{"key":"449_CR19","unstructured":"Wolfe SR. Supporting air traffic flow management with agents. In: Paper presented at the AAAI Spring Symposium: Interaction Challenges for Intelligent Assistants, Stanford, CA; 2007."},{"key":"449_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sheng Y, Chen X, Mo H, Chen X, Zhang Y. An ontology for decision-making support in air traffic management. In: Artificial intelligence in China. 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