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Specifically, we train a shallow, feedforward neural network to classify hand-written digits and then used a combination of systems neuroscience and information-theoretic tools to perform \u2018virtual brain analytics\u2019 on the resultant edge weights and activity patterns of each node. We identify three distinct phases of network reconfiguration across learning, each of which are characterized by unique topological and information-theoretic signatures. Each phase involves aligning the connections of the neural network with patterns of information contained in the input dataset or preceding layers (as relevant). We also observe a process of low-dimensional category separation in the network as a function of learning. Our results offer a systems-level perspective of how artificial neural networks function\u2014in terms of multi-stage reorganization of edge weights and activity patterns to effectively exploit the information content of input data during edge-weight training\u2014while simultaneously enriching our understanding of the methods used by systems neuroscience.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40708-021-00147-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]],"date-time":"2021-12-02T18:03:47Z","timestamp":1638468227000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Nonlinear reconfiguration of network edges, topology and information content during an artificial learning task"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1762-5499","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James M.","family":"Shine","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mike","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oluwasanmi","family":"Koyejo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ben","family":"Fulcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph T.","family":"Lizier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"147_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2020.101951","author":"JM Shine","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shine JM (2020) The thalamus integrates the macrosystems of the brain to facilitate complex, adaptive brain network dynamics. 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