{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T09:51:09Z","timestamp":1782294669791,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":104,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]],"date-time":"2022-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669852800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,9]],"date-time":"2022-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1670544000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Medical Technology Enterprise Consortium","award":["W81XWH2090019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W81XWH2090019"]}]},{"name":"U.S. Army Futures Command, Combat Capabilities Development Command Soldier Center STTC cooperative research agreement","award":["W912CG-21-2-0001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W912CG-21-2-0001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Brain Inf."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Error-based learning is one of the basic skill acquisition mechanisms that can be modeled as a perception\u2013action system and investigated based on brain\u2013behavior analysis during skill training. Here, the error-related chain of mental processes is postulated to depend on the skill level leading to a difference in the contextual switching of the brain states on error commission. Therefore, the objective of this paper was to compare error-related brain states, measured with multi-modal portable brain imaging, between experts and novices during the Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery (FLS) \u201csuturing and intracorporeal knot-tying\u201d task (FLS complex task)\u2014the most difficult among the five psychomotor FLS tasks. The multi-modal portable brain imaging combined functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and electroencephalography (EEG) for brain\u2013behavior analysis in thirteen right-handed novice medical students and nine expert surgeons. The brain state changes were defined by quasi-stable EEG scalp topography (called microstates) changes using 32-channel EEG data acquired at 250\u00a0Hz. Six microstate prototypes were identified from the combined EEG data from experts and novices during the FLS complex task that explained 77.14% of the global variance. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) found that the proportion of the total time spent in different microstates during the 10-s error epoch was significantly affected by the skill level (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01), the microstate type (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01), and the interaction between the skill level and the microstate type (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Brain activation based on the slower oxyhemoglobin (HbO) changes corresponding to the EEG band power (1\u201340\u00a0Hz) changes were found using the regularized temporally embedded Canonical Correlation Analysis of the simultaneously acquired fNIRS\u2013EEG signals. The HbO signal from the overlying the left inferior frontal gyrus\u2014opercular part, left superior frontal gyrus\u2014medial orbital, left postcentral gyrus, left superior temporal gyrus, right superior frontal gyrus\u2014medial orbital cortical areas showed significant (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) difference between experts and novices in the 10-s error epoch. We conclude that the difference in the error-related chain of mental processes was the activation of cognitive top-down attention-related brain areas, including left dorsolateral prefrontal\/frontal eye field and left frontopolar brain regions, along with a \u2018focusing\u2019 effect of global suppression of hemodynamic activation in the experts, while the novices had a widespread stimulus(error)-driven hemodynamic activation without the \u2018focusing\u2019 effect.\n<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s40708-022-00179-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,9]],"date-time":"2022-12-09T08:03:11Z","timestamp":1670572991000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Error-related brain state analysis using electroencephalography in conjunction with functional near-infrared spectroscopy during a complex surgical motor task"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Pushpinder","family":"Walia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaoyu","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jack","family":"Norfleet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven D.","family":"Schwaitzberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"Intes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suvranu","family":"De","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lora","family":"Cavuoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anirban","family":"Dutta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"179_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.NPh.2.2.020801","author":"CM Aasted","year":"2015","unstructured":"Aasted CM, Y\u00fccel MA, Cooper RJ, Dubb J, Tsuzuki D, Becerra L et al (2015) Anatomical guidance for functional near-infrared spectroscopy: atlasviewer tutorial. Neurophotonics. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1117\/1.NPh.2.2.020801","journal-title":"Neurophotonics"},{"key":"179_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1038\/s41562-020-01036-x","volume":"5","author":"ST Albert","year":"2021","unstructured":"Albert ST, Jang J, Sheahan HR, Teunissen L, Vandevoorde K, Herzfeld DJ et al (2021) An implicit memory of errors limits human sensorimotor adaptation. Nat Hum Behav 5:920\u2013934. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41562-020-01036-x","journal-title":"Nat Hum Behav"},{"key":"179_CR3","first-page":"137","volume":"7","author":"JW Allen","year":"2003","unstructured":"Allen JW, Rivas H, Cocchione RN, Ferzli GS (2003) Intracorporeal Suturing and Knot Tying Broadens the Clinical Applicability of Laparoscopy. J Soc Laparoendosc Surg 7:137","journal-title":"J Soc Laparoendosc Surg"},{"key":"179_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2008.02.004","volume":"12","author":"D Badre","year":"2008","unstructured":"Badre D (2008) Cognitive control, hierarchy, and the rostro\u2013caudal organization of the frontal lobes. Trends Cogn Sci 12:193\u2013200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tics.2008.02.004","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"key":"179_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2667","volume":"10","author":"D Badre","year":"2009","unstructured":"Badre D, D\u2019Esposito M (2009) Is the rostro-caudal axis of the frontal lobe hierarchical? Nat Rev Neurosci 10:659\u2013669. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrn2667","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"179_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.116469","volume":"208","author":"AD Barber","year":"2020","unstructured":"Barber AD, John M, DeRosse P, Birnbaum ML, Lencz T, Malhotra AK (2020) Parasympathetic arousal-related cortical activity is associated with attention during cognitive task performance. Neuroimage 208:116469. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.116469","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"179_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108934","author":"D Benozzo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Benozzo D, Camera GL, Genovesio A (2021) Slower prefrontal metastable dynamics during deliberation predicts error trials in a distance discrimination task. Cell Rep. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.108934","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"179_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1434","DOI":"10.1056\/nejmsa1300625","volume":"369","author":"JD Birkmeyer","year":"2013","unstructured":"Birkmeyer JD, Finks JF, O\u2019Reilly A, Oerline M, Carlin AM, Nunn AR et al (2013) Surgical skill and complication rates after bariatric surgery. N Engl J Med 369:1434\u20131442. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/nejmsa1300625","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"179_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.03.029","volume":"194","author":"L Br\u00e9chet","year":"2019","unstructured":"Br\u00e9chet L, Brunet D, Birot G, Gruetter R, Michel CM, Jorge J (2019) Capturing the spatiotemporal dynamics of self-generated, task-initiated thoughts with EEG and fMRI. Neuroimage 194:82\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.03.029","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"179_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.02.052","volume":"52","author":"J Britz","year":"2010","unstructured":"Britz J, Van De Ville D, Michel CM (2010) BOLD correlates of EEG topography reveal rapid resting-state network dynamics. Neuroimage 52:1162\u20131170. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.02.052","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"179_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2019.2930186","volume":"67","author":"C-Y Chang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chang C-Y, Hsu S-H, Pion-Tonachini L, Jung T-P (2020) Evaluation of artifact subspace reconstruction for automatic artifact components removal in multi-channel EEG recordings. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 67:1114\u20131121. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TBME.2019.2930186","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Biomed Eng"},{"key":"179_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6707","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3276-13.2014","volume":"34","author":"A Christensen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Christensen A, Giese MA, Sultan F, Mueller OM, Goericke SL, Ilg W et al (2014) An intact action-perception coupling depends on the integrity of the cerebellum. J Neurosci 34:6707\u20136716. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3276-13.2014","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"179_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03331976","volume":"28","author":"K Christoff","year":"2000","unstructured":"Christoff K, Gabrieli JDE (2000) The frontopolar cortex and human cognition: Evidence for a rostrocaudal hierarchical organization within the human prefrontal cortex. Psychobiology 28:168\u2013186. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/BF03331976","journal-title":"Psychobiology"},{"key":"179_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn755","volume":"3","author":"M Corbetta","year":"2002","unstructured":"Corbetta M, Shulman GL (2002) Control of goal-directed and stimulus-driven attention in the brain. Nat Rev Neurosci 3:201\u2013215. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrn755","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"179_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4586","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.81.14.4586","volume":"81","author":"F Crick","year":"1984","unstructured":"Crick F (1984) Function of the thalamic reticular complex: the searchlight hypothesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 81:4586\u20134590. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.81.14.4586","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"179_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1089\/brain.2016.0476","volume":"7","author":"A Custo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Custo A, Van De Ville D, Wells WM, Tomescu MI, Brunet D, Michel CM (2017) Electroencephalographic resting-state networks: source localization of microstates. Brain Connect 7:671\u2013682. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/brain.2016.0476","journal-title":"Brain Connect"},{"key":"179_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2905","volume":"14","author":"MT de Schotten","year":"2011","unstructured":"de Schotten MT, Dell\u2019Acqua F, Forkel SJ, Simmons A, Vergani F, Murphy DGM et al (2011) A lateralized brain network for visuospatial attention. Nat Neurosci 14:1245\u20131246. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nn.2905","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"179_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1416","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2003.12.011","volume":"21","author":"F Debaere","year":"2004","unstructured":"Debaere F, Wenderoth N, Sunaert S, Van Hecke P, Swinnen SP (2004) Cerebellar and premotor function in bimanual coordination: parametric neural responses to spatiotemporal complexity and cycling frequency. Neuroimage 21:1416\u20131427. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2003.12.011","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"179_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/J.IJSU.2014.01.022","volume":"12","author":"M Dehabadi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Dehabadi M, Fernando B, Berlingieri P (2014) The use of simulation in the acquisition of laparoscopic suturing skills. Int J Surg 12:258\u2013268. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/J.IJSU.2014.01.022","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"key":"179_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5159","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5406-09.2010","volume":"30","author":"J Diedrichsen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Diedrichsen J, White O, Newman D, Lally N (2010) Use-dependent and error-based learning of motor behaviors. J Neurosci 30:5159\u20135166. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5406-09.2010","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"179_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3315","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl244","volume":"129","author":"F du Boisgueheneuc","year":"2006","unstructured":"du Boisgueheneuc F, Levy R, Volle E, Seassau M, Duffau H, Kinkingnehun S et al (2006) Functions of the left superior frontal gyrus in humans: a lesion study. Brain 129:3315\u20133328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awl244","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"179_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-007-1333-8_56","volume-title":"\u201cCerebellum and internal models\u201d, in handbook of the cerebellum and cerebellar disorders","author":"TJ Ebner","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ebner TJ (2013) \u201cCerebellum and internal models\u201d, in handbook of the cerebellum and cerebellar disorders. Springer, Dordrecht. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-94-007-1333-8_56"},{"key":"179_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Ericsson, K. A. (2006). \u201cThe influence of experience and deliberate practice on the development of superior expert performance,\u201d in The cambridge handbook of expertise and expert performance cambridge handbooks in psychology., eds. K. A. Ericsson, N. Charness, P. J. Feltovich, and R. R. Hoffman (Cambridge: Cambridge\n  university press), 683\u2013704. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/CBO9780511816796.038.","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511816796.038"},{"key":"179_CR24","unstructured":"FLS trainer system and accessories (2010). Fundamentals of laparoscopic surgery. https:\/\/www.flsprogram.org\/testing-information\/trainer-box\/ Accessed 21 April 2022"},{"key":"179_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3135","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-019-07081-6","volume":"34","author":"Y Fu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fu Y, Cavuoto L, Qi D, Panneerselvam K, Arikatla VS, Enquobahrie A et al (2020) Characterizing the learning curve of a virtual intracorporeal suturing simulator VBLaST-SS\u00a9. Surg Endosc 34:3135\u20133144. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00464-019-07081-6","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"179_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abm9922","author":"Z Fu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fu Z, Beam D, Chung JM, Reed CM, Mamelak AN, Adolphs R et al (2022) The geometry of domain-general performance monitoring in the human medial frontal cortex. Science. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.abm9922","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"179_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(01)00285-9","volume":"30","author":"JM Fuster","year":"2001","unstructured":"Fuster JM (2001) The prefrontal cortex\u2014an update: time is of the essence. Neuron 30:319\u2013333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0896-6273(01)00285-9","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"179_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2004.02.004","volume":"8","author":"JM Fuster","year":"2004","unstructured":"Fuster JM (2004) Upper processing stages of the perception-action cycle. Trends Cogn Sci 8:143\u2013145. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tics.2004.02.004","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"key":"179_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-020-01465-4","volume":"3","author":"E Gabitov","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gabitov E, Lungu O, Albouy G, Doyon J (2020) Movement errors during skilled motor performance engage distinct prediction error mechanisms. Commun Biol 3:1\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s42003-020-01465-4","journal-title":"Commun Biol"},{"key":"179_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2021.651192","volume":"15","author":"Y Gao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gao Y, Cavuoto L, Dutta A, Kruger U, Yan P, Nemani A et al (2021) Decreasing the surgical errors by neurostimulation of primary motor cortex and the associated brain activation via neuroimaging. Front Neurosci 15:651192. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnins.2021.651192","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"179_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2058","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2020.3014299","volume":"68","author":"Y Gao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gao Y, Yan P, Kruger U, Cavuoto L, Schwaitzberg S, De S et al (2021) Functional brain imaging reliably predicts bimanual motor skill performance in a standardized surgical task. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 68:2058\u20132066. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TBME.2020.3014299","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Biomed Eng"},{"key":"179_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9430","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-23-09430.2001","volume":"21","author":"WJ Gehring","year":"2001","unstructured":"Gehring WJ, Fencsik DE (2001) Functions of the medial frontal cortex in the processing of conflict and errors. J Neurosci 21:9430\u20139437. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-23-09430.2001","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"179_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11297","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0185-14.2014","volume":"34","author":"RT Gerraty","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gerraty RT, Davidow JY, Wimmer GE, Kahn I, Shohamy D (2014) Transfer of learning relates to intrinsic connectivity between hippocampus, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and large-scale networks. J Neurosci 34:11297\u201311303. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0185-14.2014","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"179_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2011.00020","author":"G Gordon","year":"2011","unstructured":"Gordon G, Kaplan DM, Lankow B, Little DY-J, Sherwin J, Suter BA et al (2011) Toward an integrated approach to perception and action: conference report and future directions. Front Syst Neurosci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnsys.2011.00020","journal-title":"Front Syst Neurosci"},{"key":"179_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2008.01.024","volume":"197","author":"TP Grantcharov","year":"2009","unstructured":"Grantcharov TP, Funch-Jensen P (2009) Can everyone achieve proficiency with the laparoscopic technique? learning curve patterns in technical skills acquisition. Am J Surg 197:447\u2013449. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2008.01.024","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"179_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhp144","volume":"20","author":"C Grefkes","year":"2010","unstructured":"Grefkes C, Wang LE, Eickhoff SB, Fink GR (2010) Noradrenergic modulation of cortical networks engaged in visuomotor processing. Cereb Cortex 20:783\u2013797. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cercor\/bhp144","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"179_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.09.16.300749","author":"QL Gu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gu QL, Lam NH, Wimmer RD, Halassa MM, Murray JD (2021) Computational circuit mechanisms underlying thalamic control of attention. bioRxiv. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2020.09.16.300749","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"179_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn.2017.14","volume":"18","author":"P Haggard","year":"2017","unstructured":"Haggard P (2017) Sense of agency in the human brain. Nat Rev Neurosci 18:196\u2013207. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrn.2017.14","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"179_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2022.705238","volume":"16","author":"TC Hannah","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hannah TC, Turner D, Kellner R, Bederson J, Putrino D, Kellner CP (2022) Neuromonitoring correlates of expertise level in surgical performers: a systematic review. Front Hum Neurosci 16:705238. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnhum.2022.705238","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci"},{"key":"179_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.03.067","volume":"61","author":"MH Heitger","year":"2012","unstructured":"Heitger MH, Ronsse R, Dhollander T, Dupont P, Caeyenberghs K, Swinnen SP (2012) Motor learning-induced changes in functional brain connectivity as revealed by means of graph-theoretical network analysis. Neuroimage 61:633\u2013650. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.03.067","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"179_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.109.4.679","volume":"109","author":"CB Holroyd","year":"2002","unstructured":"Holroyd CB, Coles MGH (2002) The neural basis of human error processing: reinforcement learning, dopamine, and the error-related negativity. Psychol Rev 109:679\u2013709. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0033-295X.109.4.679","journal-title":"Psychol Rev"},{"key":"179_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12688","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1175-16.2016","volume":"36","author":"S Hu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hu S, Ide JS, Zhang S, Li CR (2016) The right superior frontal gyrus and individual variation in proactive control of impulsive response. J Neurosci 36:12688\u201312696. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1175-16.2016","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"179_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(04)00191-6","volume":"42","author":"SW Hughes","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hughes SW, L\u00f6rincz M, Cope DW, Blethyn KL, K\u00e9kesi KA, Parri HR et al (2004) Synchronized oscillations at \u03b1 and \u03b8 frequencies in the lateral geniculate nucleus. Neuron 42:253\u2013268. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0896-6273(04)00191-6","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"179_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.07.042","volume":"54","author":"JS Ide","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ide JS, Li CR (2011) A cerebellar thalamic cortical circuit for error-related cognitive control. Neuroimage 54:455\u2013464. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.07.042","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"179_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.NPh.5.1.015003","volume":"5","author":"S Jahani","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jahani S, Setarehdan SK, Boas DA, Y\u00fccel MA (2018) Motion artifact detection and correction in functional near-infrared spectroscopy: a new hybrid method based on spline interpolation method and Savitzky-Golay filtering. Neurophotonics 5:015003. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1117\/1.NPh.5.1.015003","journal-title":"Neurophotonics"},{"key":"179_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41539-022-00138-7","volume":"7","author":"A Kamat","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kamat A, Makled B, Norfleet J, Schwaitzberg SD, Intes X, De S et al (2022) Directed information flow during laparoscopic surgical skill acquisition dissociated skill level and medical simulation technology. npj Sci. Learn 7:1\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41539-022-00138-7","journal-title":"Learn"},{"key":"179_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1038\/35086057","volume":"2","author":"H-O Karnath","year":"2001","unstructured":"Karnath H-O (2001) New insights into the functions of the superior temporal cortex. Nat Rev Neurosci 2:568\u2013576. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/35086057","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"179_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2015.06.001","volume":"97","author":"J Kayser","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kayser J, Tenke CE (2015) On the benefits of using surface Laplacian (current source density) methodology in electrophysiology. Int J Psychophysiol 97:171\u2013173. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2015.06.001","journal-title":"Int J Psychophysiol"},{"key":"179_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2016.05.058","volume":"138","author":"HO Keles","year":"2016","unstructured":"Keles HO, Barbour RL, Omurtag A (2016) Hemodynamic correlates of spontaneous neural activity measured by human whole-head resting state EEG+fNIRS. Neuroimage 138:76\u201387. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2016.05.058","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"179_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5604","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-019-07331-7","volume":"34","author":"HCH Khoe","year":"2020","unstructured":"Khoe HCH, Low JW, Wijerathne S, Ann LS, Salgaonkar H, Lomanto D et al (2020) Use of prefrontal cortex activity as a measure of learning curve in surgical novices: results of a single blind randomised controlled trial. Surg Endosc 34:5604\u20135615. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00464-019-07331-7","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"179_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2007.04.005","volume":"11","author":"E Koechlin","year":"2007","unstructured":"Koechlin E, Summerfield C (2007) An information theoretical approach to prefrontal executive function. Trends Cogn Sci 11:229\u2013235. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tics.2007.04.005","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"key":"179_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1186\/s12938-019-0709-3","volume":"18","author":"D Kumar","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kumar D, Sinha N, Dutta A, Lahiri U (2019) Virtual reality-based balance training system augmented with operant conditioning paradigm. Biomed Eng Online 18:90. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12938-019-0709-3","journal-title":"Biomed Eng Online"},{"key":"179_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00545.2020","volume":"125","author":"ML Latash","year":"2021","unstructured":"Latash ML (2021) Efference copy in kinesthetic perception: a copy of what is it? J Neurophysiol 125:1079\u20131094. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/jn.00545.2020","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"179_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2001.85.4.1395","volume":"85","author":"MA Lebedev","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lebedev MA, Douglass DK, Moody SL, Wise SP (2001) Prefrontal cortex neurons reflecting reports of a visual illusion. J Neurophysiol 85:1395\u20131411. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/jn.2001.85.4.1395","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"179_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2007.05.036","volume":"195","author":"DR Leff","year":"2008","unstructured":"Leff DR, Leong J, Yang G-Z, Darzi AW (2008) Visuo-spatial ability and fMRI cortical activation in surgery residents. Am J Surg 195:138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2007.05.036","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"179_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.3109\/10929080802531482","volume":"13","author":"DR Leff","year":"2008","unstructured":"Leff DR, Orihuela-Espina F, Atallah L, Athanasiou T, Leong JJH, Darzi AW et al (2008) Functional prefrontal reorganization accompanies learning-associated refinements in surgery: a manifold embedding approach. Comput Aided Surg 13:325\u2013339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/10929080802531482","journal-title":"Comput Aided Surg"},{"key":"179_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-75759-7_33","volume":"10","author":"DR Leff","year":"2007","unstructured":"Leff DR, Orihuela-Espina F, Atallah L, Darzi A, Yang G-Z (2007) Functional near infrared spectroscopy in novice and expert surgeons\u2013a manifold embedding approach. Med Image Comput Comput Assist Interv 10:270\u2013277. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-540-75759-7_33","journal-title":"Med Image Comput Comput Assist Interv"},{"key":"179_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-85990-1_71","volume":"11","author":"DR Leff","year":"2008","unstructured":"Leff DR, Orihuela-Espina F, Leong J, Darzi A, Yang G-Z (2008) Modelling dynamic fronto-parietal behaviour during minimally invasive surgery\u2013a Markovian trip distribution approach. Med Image Comput Comput Assist Interv 11:595\u2013602. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-540-85990-1_71","journal-title":"Med Image Comput Comput Assist Interv"},{"key":"179_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(87)90025-3","volume":"67","author":"D Lehmann","year":"1987","unstructured":"Lehmann D, Ozaki H, Pal I (1987) EEG alpha map series: brain micro-states by space-oriented adaptive segmentation. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 67:271\u2013288. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0013-4694(87)90025-3","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"179_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10965","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-67327-5","volume":"10","author":"X Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li X, Krol MA, Jahani S, Boas DA, Tager-Flusberg H, Y\u00fccel MA (2020) Brain correlates of motor complexity during observed and executed actions. Sci Rep 10:10965. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020-67327-5","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"179_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1007\/s10548-020-00777-2","volume":"33","author":"J Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu J, Xu J, Zou G, He Y, Zou Q, Gao J-H (2020) Reliability and individual specificity of EEG microstate characteristics. Brain Topogr 33:438\u2013449. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10548-020-00777-2","journal-title":"Brain Topogr"},{"key":"179_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2018.12.013","volume":"141","author":"ME Maier","year":"2019","unstructured":"Maier ME, Ernst B, Steinhauser M (2019) Error-related pupil dilation is sensitive to the evaluation of different error types. Biol Psychol 141:25\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2018.12.013","journal-title":"Biol Psychol"},{"key":"179_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.5334\/joc.18","volume":"1","author":"S Mathot","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mathot S (2018) Pupillometry: psychology, physiology, and function. J Cogn 1:16. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5334\/joc.18","journal-title":"J Cogn"},{"key":"179_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2017.11.062","volume":"180","author":"CM Michel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Michel CM, Koenig T (2018) EEG microstates as a tool for studying the temporal dynamics of whole-brain neuronal networks: a review. Neuroimage 180:577\u2013593. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2017.11.062","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"179_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-017-4917-4","volume":"235","author":"AD Milner","year":"2017","unstructured":"Milner AD (2017) How do the two visual streams interact with each other? Exp Brain Res 235:1297\u20131308. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00221-017-4917-4","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"179_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2015.08.023","volume":"125","author":"P Milz","year":"2016","unstructured":"Milz P, Faber PL, Lehmann D, Koenig T, Kochi K, Pascual-Marqui RD (2016) The functional significance of EEG microstates\u2013associations with modalities of thinking. Neuroimage 125:643\u2013656. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2015.08.023","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"179_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn.2018.20","volume":"19","author":"L Muller","year":"2018","unstructured":"Muller L, Chavane F, Reynolds J, Sejnowski TJ (2018) Cortical travelling waves: mechanisms and computational principles. Nat Rev Neurosci 19:255\u2013268. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrn.2018.20","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"179_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-008-0316-z","author":"K Ohuchida","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ohuchida K, Kenmotsu H, Yamamoto A, Sawada K, Hayami T, Morooka K et al (2009) The frontal cortex is activated during learning of endoscopic procedures. Surg Endosc. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00464-008-0316-z","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"179_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1152\/JN.1980.43.1.118","volume":"43","author":"R Pe","year":"1980","unstructured":"Pe R, B, L., Na, L., and E, S. (1980) Supplementary motor area and other cortical areas in organization of voluntary movements in man. J Neurophysiol 43:118\u2013136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/JN.1980.43.1.118","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"179_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32058","DOI":"10.1038\/srep32058","volume":"6","author":"RL Perri","year":"2016","unstructured":"Perri RL, Berchicci M, Lucci G, Spinelli D, Di Russo F (2016) How the brain prevents a second error in a perceptual decision-making task. Sci Rep 6:32058. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep32058","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"179_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/0013-4694(89)90180-6","volume":"72","author":"F Perrin","year":"1989","unstructured":"Perrin F, Pernier J, Bertrand O, Echallier JF (1989) Spherical splines for scalp potential and current density mapping. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 72:184\u2013187. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0013-4694(89)90180-6","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"179_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"P98","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2202-12-S1-P98","volume":"12","author":"HN Phillips","year":"2011","unstructured":"Phillips HN, Howai NA, Stan G-BV, Faisal AA (2011) The implied exploration-exploitation trade-off in human motor learning. BMC Neurosci 12:P98. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1471-2202-12-S1-P98","journal-title":"BMC Neurosci"},{"key":"179_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13229","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-13482-1","volume":"7","author":"E Pirondini","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pirondini E, Coscia M, Minguillon J, del Mill\u00e1n J, R., Van De Ville, D., and Micera, S. (2017) EEG topographies provide subject-specific correlates of motor control. Sci Rep 7:13229. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-017-13482-1","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"179_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5356","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3880-04.2005","volume":"25","author":"RA Poldrack","year":"2005","unstructured":"Poldrack RA, Sabb FW, Foerde K, Tom SM, Asarnow RF, Bookheimer SY et al (2005) The neural correlates of motor skill automaticity. J Neurosci 25:5356\u20135364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3880-04.2005","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"179_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2018.00524","author":"LS Popa","year":"2019","unstructured":"Popa LS, Ebner TJ (2019) Cerebellum neuroscience predictions and errors. Front Cell. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fncel.2018.00524","journal-title":"Front Cell"},{"key":"179_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/289850","author":"AT Poulsen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Poulsen AT, Pedroni A, Langer N, Hansen LK (2018) Microstate EEGlab toolbox: an introductory guide. BioRxiv. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/289850","journal-title":"BioRxiv"},{"key":"179_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2013.12.002","volume":"55","author":"F Pulverm\u00fcller","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pulverm\u00fcller F, Moseley RL, Egorova N, Shebani Z, Boulenger V (2014) Motor cognition\u2013motor semantics: action perception theory of cognition and communication. Neuropsychologia 55:71\u201384. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2013.12.002","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"179_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-021-01249-4","author":"Z Rezaee","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rezaee Z, Ranjan S, Solanki D, Bhattacharya M, Srivastava MVP, Lahiri U et al (2021) Feasibility of combining functional near-infrared spectroscopy with electroencephalography to identify chronic stroke responders to cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation-a computational modeling and portable neuroimaging methodological study. Cerebellum. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12311-021-01249-4","journal-title":"Cerebellum"},{"key":"179_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1177\/1553350607302329","volume":"14","author":"EM Ritter","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ritter EM, Scott DJ (2007) Design of a proficiency-based skills training curriculum for the fundamentals of laparoscopic surgery. Surg Innov 14:107\u2013112. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1553350607302329","journal-title":"Surg Innov"},{"key":"179_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3219","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v12.i20.3219","volume":"12","author":"KE Roberts","year":"2006","unstructured":"Roberts KE, Bell RL, Duffy AJ (2006) Evolution of surgical skills training. World J Gastroenterol 12:3219\u20133224. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3748\/wjg.v12.i20.3219","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"179_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhac276","author":"ET Rolls","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rolls ET, Deco G, Huang CC, Feng J (2022) Multiple cortical visual streams in humans. Cereb Cortex. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cercor\/bhac276","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"179_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.116189","volume":"206","author":"ET Rolls","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rolls ET, Huang C-C, Lin C-P, Feng J, Joliot M (2020) Automated anatomical labelling atlas 3. Neuroimage 206:116189. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.116189","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"179_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1007\/s10548-017-0565-z","volume":"30","author":"E Santarnecchi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Santarnecchi E, Khanna AR, Musaeus CS, Benwell CSY, Davila P, Farzan F et al (2017) EEG microstate correlates of fluid intelligence and response to cognitive training. Brain Topogr 30:502\u2013520. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10548-017-0565-z","journal-title":"Brain Topogr"},{"key":"179_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2101717118","volume":"118","author":"E Sedaghat-Nejad","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sedaghat-Nejad E, Shadmehr R (2021) The cost of correcting for error during sensorimotor adaptation. Proc Natl Acad Sci 118:e2101717118. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.2101717118","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"179_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4614-5465-6_3","author":"RD Seidler","year":"2013","unstructured":"Seidler RD, Kwak Y, Fling BW, Bernard JA (2013) Neurocognitive mechanisms of error-based motor learning. Adv Exp Med Biol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4614-5465-6_3","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"179_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2019.05.068","volume":"412","author":"N Shalev","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shalev N, Vangkilde S, Neville MJ, Tunbridge EM, Nobre AC, Chechlacz M (2019) Dissociable catecholaminergic modulation of visual attention: differential effects of Catechol-O-Methyltransferase and dopamine beta-hydroxylase genes on visual attention. Neuroscience 412:175\u2013189. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2019.05.068","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"179_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnint.2016.00037","author":"BR Sheth","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sheth BR, Young R (2016) Two visual pathways in primates based on sampling of space: exploitation and exploration of visual information. Front Integ Neurosci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnint.2016.00037","journal-title":"Front Integ Neurosci"},{"key":"179_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12021-021-09538-3","author":"P Sirpal","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sirpal P, Damseh R, Peng K, Nguyen DK, Lesage F (2021) Multimodal autoencoder predicts fNIRS resting State from EEG signals. Neuroinform. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12021-021-09538-3","journal-title":"Neuroinform"},{"key":"179_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01128870","volume":"3","author":"W Skrandies","year":"1990","unstructured":"Skrandies W (1990) Global field power and topographic similarity. Brain Topogr 3:137\u2013141. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF01128870","journal-title":"Brain Topogr"},{"key":"179_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2016.09.008","volume":"274","author":"M Sood","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sood M, Besson P, Muthalib M, Jindal U, Perrey S, Dutta A et al (2016) NIRS-EEG joint imaging during transcranial direct current stimulation: online parameter estimation with an autoregressive model. J Neurosci Methods 274:71\u201380. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2016.09.008","journal-title":"J Neurosci Methods"},{"key":"179_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617711000695","volume":"17","author":"DT Stuss","year":"2011","unstructured":"Stuss DT (2011) Functions of the frontal lobes: relation to executive functions. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 17:759\u2013765. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S1355617711000695","journal-title":"J Int Neuropsychol Soc"},{"key":"179_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2003.10.017","volume":"8","author":"SP Swinnen","year":"2004","unstructured":"Swinnen SP, Wenderoth N (2004) Two hands, one brain: cognitive neuroscience of bimanual skill. Trends Cogn Sci 8:18\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tics.2003.10.017","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"key":"179_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1988.60.1.325","volume":"60","author":"J Tanji","year":"1988","unstructured":"Tanji J, Okano K, Sato KC (1988) Neuronal activity in cortical motor areas related to ipsilateral, contralateral, and bilateral digit movements of the monkey. J Neurophysiol 60:325\u2013343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/jn.1988.60.1.325","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"179_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1037\/gpr0000054","volume":"19","author":"J Toner","year":"2015","unstructured":"Toner J, Montero BG, Moran A (2015) The Perils of Automaticity. Rev Gen Psychol 19:431\u2013442. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/gpr0000054","journal-title":"Rev Gen Psychol"},{"key":"179_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(93)90181-J","volume":"154","author":"A Villringer","year":"1993","unstructured":"Villringer A, Planck J, Hock C, Schleinkofer L, Dirnagl U (1993) Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS): a new tool to study hemodynamic changes during activation of brain function in human adults. Neurosci Lett 154:101\u2013104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0304-3940(93)90181-J","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"179_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.116472","volume":"208","author":"A von L\u00fchmann","year":"2020","unstructured":"von L\u00fchmann A, Li X, M\u00fcller K-R, Boas DA, Y\u00fccel MA (2020) Improved physiological noise regression in fNIRS: a multimodal extension of the general linear model using temporally embedded canonical correlation analysis. Neuroimage 208:116472. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.116472","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"179_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncom.2018.00070","author":"F von Wegner","year":"2018","unstructured":"von Wegner F, Knaut P, Laufs H (2018) EEG microstate sequences from different clustering algorithms are information-theoretically invariant. Front Comput Neurosci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fncom.2018.00070","journal-title":"Front Comput Neurosci"},{"key":"179_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858413494269","volume":"20","author":"S Vossel","year":"2014","unstructured":"Vossel S, Geng JJ, Fink GR (2014) Dorsal and ventral attention systems. Neuroscientist 20:150\u2013159. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1073858413494269","journal-title":"Neuroscientist"},{"key":"179_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Walia P, Fu Y, Schwaitzberg SD, Intes X, De S, Cavuoto L et al. 2021a. Neuroimaging guided tES to facilitate complex laparoscopic surgical tasks insights from functional near-infrared spectroscopy. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21203\/rs.3.rs-730076\/v1.","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-730076\/v1"},{"key":"179_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci11081078","author":"P Walia","year":"2021","unstructured":"Walia P, Kumar KN, Dutta A (2021) Neuroimaging guided transcranial electrical stimulation in enhancing surgical skill acquisition. comment on Hung et al. the efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation in enhancing surgical skill acquisition: a preliminary meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Brain Sci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/brainsci11081078","journal-title":"Brain Sci"},{"key":"179_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2006.11.011","volume":"193","author":"KR Wanzel","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wanzel KR, Anastakis DJ, McAndrews MP, Grober ED, Sidhu RS, Taylor K et al (2007) Visual-spatial ability and fMRI cortical activation in surgery residents. Am J Surg 193:507\u2013510. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2006.11.011","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"179_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2012.00088","volume":"6","author":"JR Wessel","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wessel JR (2012) Error awareness and the error-related negativity: evaluating the first decade of evidence. Front Hum Neurosci 6:88. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnhum.2012.00088","journal-title":"Front Hum Neurosci"},{"key":"179_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1016\/s0893-6080(96)00035-4","volume":"9","author":"DM Wolpert","year":"1996","unstructured":"Wolpert DM, Miall RC (1996) Forward models for physiological motor control. Neural Netw 9:1265\u20131279. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0893-6080(96)00035-4","journal-title":"Neural Netw"},{"key":"179_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/S1364-6613(98)01221-2","volume":"2","author":"DM Wolpert","year":"1998","unstructured":"Wolpert DM, Miall RC, Kawato M (1998) Internal models in the cerebellum. Trends Cogn Sci 2:338\u2013347","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"}],"container-title":["Brain Informatics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40708-022-00179-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s40708-022-00179-z\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s40708-022-00179-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,9]],"date-time":"2022-12-09T08:10:49Z","timestamp":1670573449000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/braininformatics.springeropen.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s40708-022-00179-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"references-count":104,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["179"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40708-022-00179-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["2198-4018","2198-4026"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2198-4018","type":"print"},{"value":"2198-4026","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 May 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 November 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 December 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the University at Buffalo, USA. All study procedures were performed according to the local human subjects\u2019 research regulations.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethical Approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"29"}}