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The high number of dropouts in MOOCs is a key challenge, and the literature suggests that it can be affected by participants' motivation. However, it is not known how and to what extent motivation influences participants\u2019 dropout in MOOCs. There is a need to provide an overview of the role of motivation in MOOCs\u2019 retention. In this study, we aimed to identify motivational factors and theories that affect participants\u2019 retention in MOOCs and explain how does motivation supports participants to complete MOOCs. To do so, a systematic review was conducted using specific inclusion and exclusion criteria and a set of relevant keywords and databases which resulted in 50 relevant publications. Our analysis led us to identify six main motivational factors that influence participants\u2019 MOOCs completion including academic, social, course, personal, professional, and technological motives. These factors were divided into two main categories including need-based motivation and interest-based motivation. The results showed that academic motives play the most important role in participants\u2019 MOOCs retention compared to the other factors. It was also found that self-determination theory was used as the most dominant theory to support participants\u2019 motivation for MOOCs completion. In addition, the results revealed that the motivational factors not only impacts participants\u2019 MOOCs retention directly, but also this impact is mediated by participant satisfaction, self-regulation, attitude toward using MOOCs, performance, engagement, and level of participation. Based on the results, further implications for practice and future research are provided.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/s41039-022-00181-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,5]],"date-time":"2022-02-05T13:03:03Z","timestamp":1644066183000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":76,"title":["The role of motivation in MOOCs\u2019 retention rates: a systematic literature review"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5988-3635","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehdi","family":"Badali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Javad","family":"Hatami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Seyyed Kazem","family":"Banihashem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ebrahim","family":"Rahimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Omid","family":"Noroozi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Zahra","family":"Eslami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"181_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4417","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-020-10161-z","volume":"25","author":"H Abdullatif","year":"2020","unstructured":"Abdullatif, H., & Vel\u00e1zquez-Iturbide, J. \u00c1. 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