{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T05:48:26Z","timestamp":1776664106730,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773187200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776643200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":40,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Soft Science Research Program of Zhejiang Province","award":["Grant No. 2024C25001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant No. 2024C25001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Energy Inform"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s42162-026-00653-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T09:56:25Z","timestamp":1773222985000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Measurement of green development energy level and analysis of obstacle factors in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration based on the improved WRSR model and obstacle degree model"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Hanjie","family":"Xiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qianhui","family":"Bao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"653_CR1","volume":"345","author":"Y Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu Y, Qin B (2023) Environmental regulation, technological innovation, and urban green development: evidence from China\u2019s Yangtze River Delta. J Environ Manage 345:118732","journal-title":"J Environ Manage"},{"issue":"1","key":"653_CR2","first-page":"123","volume":"32","author":"Q Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang Q, Zhang F, Li R (2024) Ecological priority or economic growth? A framework for low-carbon transition pathways in resource-based cities. Sustain Dev 32(1):123\u2013140","journal-title":"Sustain Dev"},{"key":"653_CR3","volume":"99","author":"X Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li X, Zhang Y, Liu C (2023) Evaluating green coordinated development in urban agglomerations: a spatial econometric analysis of the Yangtze River Delta. Sustain Cities Soc 99:104812","journal-title":"Sustain Cities Soc"},{"issue":"3","key":"653_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1007\/s11769-022-1278-0","volume":"32","author":"WG Fan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Fan WG, Zhang PY, Tong LJ et al (2022) Green development for supporting sustainability of northeast China: performance quantification, spatio-temporal dynamics and implications. Chin Geogr Sci 32(3):467\u2013479","journal-title":"Chin Geogr Sci"},{"key":"653_CR5","volume":"105","author":"X Chen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Chen X, Li W, Zhang L (2025) Digital empowerment and green development in urban agglomerations: evidence from smart city pilots in China. Sustain Cities Soc 105:105432","journal-title":"Sustain Cities Soc"},{"key":"653_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Petrosyan A (2010) A model for incorporated measurement of sustainable development comprising remote sensing data and using the concept of biodiversity. J Sustainable Dev 3(2):9-26","DOI":"10.5539\/jsd.v3n2p9"},{"key":"653_CR7","volume":"634","author":"Q Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang Q, Sun Z (2024) Threshold effects of water resource utilization on green development: empirical evidence from China\u2019s Yangtze River economic belt. J Hydrol 634:130945","journal-title":"J Hydrol"},{"key":"653_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liu B, Ding C J, Ahmed A D, et al (2024) Carbon emission allowances and green development efficiency. J Clean Prod 463: 142246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2024.142246"},{"key":"653_CR9","volume":"201","author":"S Cheng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Cheng S, Li J, Wang T (2024) Spatial spillovers of technological innovation on green development: evidence from China\u2019s urban agglomerations. Technol Forecast Soc Change 201:123315","journal-title":"Technol Forecast Soc Change"},{"key":"653_CR10","volume":"146","author":"W Liu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu W, Zhang Y, Chen R (2022) A systematic review of green development indicators: construction methods and application trends. Ecol Indic 146:109823","journal-title":"Ecol Indic"},{"key":"653_CR11","volume":"183","author":"L Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang L, Wang Y, Li X (2023) Dual policy experiments and urban green transformation: evaluating low-carbon and innovative city pilots in China. Energy Policy 183:113802","journal-title":"Energy Policy"},{"key":"653_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jiang L, Zuo Q, Ma J, et al (2021) Evaluation and prediction of the level of high-quality development: A case study of the Yellow River Basin, China. Ecol Indic 129: 107994.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecolind.2021.107994"},{"key":"653_CR13","volume":"428","author":"Y Zhou","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhou Y, Li J, Wang Q (2023) Spatiotemporal evolution and spatial spillover of green development efficiency in China\u2019s urban agglomerations: a super-SBM approach. J Clean Prod 428:139352","journal-title":"J Clean Prod"},{"key":"653_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eap.2025.06.029","volume":"87","author":"D Ma","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ma D, Zhu YJ, Lee CC (2025) The impact of new energy pilot city policies on urban green innovation: evidence from China\u2019s city level. Econ Anal Policy 87:585\u2013604","journal-title":"Econ Anal Policy"},{"issue":"12","key":"653_CR15","first-page":"18345","volume":"31","author":"J Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li J, Wang R (2024) Coupling coordination between scientific innovation and green development in China\u2019s Yangtze River Delta: drivers and spatial heterogeneity. Environ Sci Pollut Res 31(12):18345\u201318360","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut Res"},{"key":"653_CR16","volume":"195","author":"H Sun","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sun H, Wang T, Liu Y (2025) A game theory-based combined weighting method for urban intersection risk assessment. Accid Anal Prev 195:107432","journal-title":"Accid Anal Prev"},{"key":"653_CR17","volume":"249","author":"X Deng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Deng X, Liu Y, Wang Q (2024) A stochastic integrated approach for interval rough number group decision-making: application to renewable energy project selection. Expert Syst Appl 249:123456","journal-title":"Expert Syst Appl"},{"key":"653_CR18","volume":"148","author":"Y Liu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liu Y, Zhang Q, Chen X (2024) Evaluating digital village development in China: a multidimensional index and spatiotemporal analysis. Habitat Int 148:103042","journal-title":"Habitat Int"},{"key":"653_CR19","volume":"202","author":"Y Wu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wu Y, Chen R, Zhang H (2024) Coupling coordination between digital economy and green development: spatiotemporal evolution and driving forces in China. Technol Forecast Soc Change 202:123234","journal-title":"Technol Forecast Soc Change"},{"key":"653_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.120176","volume":"353","author":"J Xu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xu J, Li W, Zhang L (2024) Green technology innovation, environmental regulation, and urban green development: evidence from the Yellow River Basin. J Environ Manage 353:120176","journal-title":"J Environ Manage"},{"key":"653_CR21","volume":"493","author":"T Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang T, Sun H, Li J (2025) A game theory combined weighted fuzzy matter-element model for basin sustainability evaluation: case study of the Weihe River Basin. Ecol Modell 493:110987","journal-title":"Ecol Modell"},{"key":"653_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fenvs.2025.1506794","volume":"13","author":"RZ Yuan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yuan RZ (2025) The synergistic effect of digital economy and environmental governance on urban green development. Front Environ Sci 13:1506794","journal-title":"Front Environ Sci"},{"key":"653_CR23","volume":"128","author":"Z Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li Z, Wang Y, Liu C (2024) Can digital economy reduce carbon emissions? Evidence from city-level analysis in China. Energy Econ 128:107231","journal-title":"Energy Econ"},{"issue":"2","key":"653_CR24","first-page":"304","volume":"15","author":"X Meng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Meng X, Ding T (2024) How does livelihood public service affect urban green development efficiency? Evidence from 281 cities in China. J Resour Ecol 15(2):304\u2013316","journal-title":"J Resour Ecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"653_CR25","first-page":"456","volume":"33","author":"R Chen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Chen R, Wu Y, Zhang H (2025) Multidimensional impacts of digital economy on urban green development: a global comparative analysis. Sustain Dev 33(2):456\u2013472","journal-title":"Sustain Dev"},{"key":"653_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fenvs.2025.1511025","volume":"13","author":"RJ Yang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yang RJ, Feng TT, Zhao S, Qiu SL, Jin LS (2025) Study on the spatiotemporal differentiation and influencing factors of regional industrial carbon emission efficiency under the background of green development\u2014a case study of Sichuan Province. Front Environ Sci 13:1511025","journal-title":"Front Environ Sci"},{"key":"653_CR27","volume":"89","author":"S Liu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Liu S, Zhang L, Wang Q (2024) Driving forces of green transformation in resource-based cities: a quadruple helix perspective from China. Resour Policy 89:104567","journal-title":"Resour Policy"},{"key":"653_CR28","volume":"434","author":"W Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li W, Chen X, Zhang L (2024) Green transition pathways for resource-based cities: a qualitative comparative analysis from the quadruple helix perspective. J Clean Prod 434:14012","journal-title":"J Clean Prod"},{"issue":"1","key":"653_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10551-014-2074-2","volume":"190","author":"H Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang H, Li J, Wang R (2024) Does urban green development attention stimulate corporate green innovation? Evidence from China\u2019s listed companies. J Bus Ethics 190(1):1\u201318","journal-title":"J Bus Ethics"},{"key":"653_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scs.2025.106204","volume":"121","author":"ZY Liu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Liu ZY, Zhang SS (2025) Exploring the relationship between urban green development and heat island effect within the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration. Sustain Cities Soc 121:106204","journal-title":"Sustain Cities Soc"}],"container-title":["Energy Informatics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s42162-026-00653-6","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s42162-026-00653-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s42162-026-00653-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T05:15:08Z","timestamp":1776662108000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s42162-026-00653-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["653"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s42162-026-00653-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["2520-8942"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2520-8942","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 November 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 March 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 March 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"48"}}