{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T05:00:45Z","timestamp":1791176445873,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,23]],"date-time":"2004-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1095897600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,23]],"date-time":"2004-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1095897600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis Res Ther"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Symptoms originating from the central nervous system (CNS) occur frequently in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and CNS involvement in lupus is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. We recently showed that neurones and astrocytes are continuously damaged during the course of CNS lupus. The matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a group of tissue degrading enzymes that may be involved in this ongoing brain destruction. The aim of this study was to examine endogenous levels of free, enzymatically active MMP-2 and MMP-9 in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with SLE. A total of 123 patients with SLE were evaluated clinically, with magnetic resonance imaging of brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analyses. Levels of free MMP-2 and MMP-9 were determined in CSF using an enzymatic activity assay. CSF samples from another 22 cerebrally healthy individuals were used as a control. Intrathecal MMP-9 levels were significantly increased in patients with neuropsychiatric SLE as compared with SLE patients without CNS involvement (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05) and healthy control individuals (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.0012). Interestingly, significant correlations between MMP-9 and intrathecal levels of neuronal and glial degradation products were noted, indicating ongoing intrathecal degeneration in the brains of lupus patients expressing MMP-9. In addition, intrathecal levels of IL-6 and IL-8 \u2013 two cytokines that are known to upregulate MMP-9 \u2013 both exhibited significant correlation with MMP-9 levels in CSF (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.0001), suggesting a potential MMP-9 activation pathway. Our findings suggest that proinflammatory cytokine induced MMP-9 production leads to brain damage in patients with CNS lupus.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/ar1228","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,24]],"date-time":"2004-09-24T06:23:32Z","timestamp":1096007012000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Intrathecal levels of matrix metalloproteinases in systemic lupus erythematosus with central nervous system engagement"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Estelle","family":"Trysberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaj","family":"Blennow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olof","family":"Zachrisson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrej","family":"Tarkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"1216_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-857X(21)00952-2","volume":"14","author":"WJ McCune","year":"1988","unstructured":"McCune WJ, Golbus J: Neuropsychiatric lupus. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 1988, 14: 149-167.","journal-title":"Rheum Dis Clin North Am"},{"key":"1216_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1997.tb48379.x","volume":"823","author":"JG Hanly","year":"1997","unstructured":"Hanly JG, Liang MH: Cognitive disorders in systemic lupus erythematosus. Epidemiologic and clinical issues. Ann NY Acad Sci. 1997, 823: 60-68.","journal-title":"Ann NY Acad Sci"},{"key":"1216_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-197607000-00004","volume":"55","author":"EJ Feinglass","year":"1976","unstructured":"Feinglass EJ, Arnett FC, Dorsch CA, Zizic TM, Stevens MB: Neuropsychiatric manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus: diagnosis, clinical spectrum, and relationship to other features of the disease. Medicine (Baltimore). 1976, 55: 323-339.","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"1216_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-198905000-00002","volume":"68","author":"H Jonsson","year":"1989","unstructured":"Jonsson H, Nived O, Sturfelt G: Outcome in systemic lupus erythematosus: a prospective study of patients from a defined population. Medicine (Baltimore). 1989, 68: 141-150.","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"1216_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198806023182203","volume":"318","author":"WJ McCune","year":"1988","unstructured":"McCune WJ, Golbus J, Zeldes W, Bohlke P, Dunne R, Fox DA: Clinical and immunologic effects of monthly administration of intravenous cyclophosphamide in severe systemic lupus erythematosus. N Engl J Med. 1988, 318: 1423-1431.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1216_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"975","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/81.3.975","volume":"81","author":"DT Boumpas","year":"1991","unstructured":"Boumpas DT, Yamada H, Patronas NJ, Scott D, Klippel JH, Balow JE: Pulse cyclophosphamide for severe neuropsychiatric lupus. Q J Med. 1991, 81: 975-984.","journal-title":"Q J Med"},{"key":"1216_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keg216","volume":"42","author":"K Oku","year":"2003","unstructured":"Oku K, Atsumi T, Furukawa S, Horita T, Sakai Y, Jodo S, Amasaki Y, Ichikawa K, Amengual O, Koike T: Cerebral imaging by magnetic resonance imaging and single photon emission computed tomography in systemic lupus erythematosus with central nervous system involvement. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2003, 42: 773-777. 10.1093\/rheumatology\/keg216.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"1216_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-80-3-413_2","volume":"80","author":"JS Sergent","year":"1974","unstructured":"Sergent JS, Lockshin MD: Editorial treatment of central nervous system lupus erythematosus. Ann Intern Med. 1974, 80: 413-414.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"1216_CR9","first-page":"325","volume":"7","author":"T Abel","year":"1980","unstructured":"Abel T, Gladman DD, Urowitz MB: Neuropsychiatric lupus. J Rheumatol. 1980, 7: 325-333.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"1216_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.48.8.807","volume":"48","author":"J Ernerudh","year":"1985","unstructured":"Ernerudh J, Olsson T, Lindstrom F, Skogh T: Cerebrospinal fluid immunoglobulin abnormalities in systemic lupus erythematosus. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1985, 48: 807-813.","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"1216_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(83)91075-6","volume":"74","author":"JB Winfield","year":"1983","unstructured":"Winfield JB, Shaw M, Silverman LM, Eisenberg RA, Wilson HAD, Koffler D: Intrathecal IgG synthesis and blood-brain barrier impairment in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and central nervous system dysfunction. Am J Med. 1983, 74: 837-844. 10.1016\/0002-9343(83)91075-6.","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"1216_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1843","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.1985.00360100105017","volume":"145","author":"S Hirohata","year":"1985","unstructured":"Hirohata S, Hirose S, Miyamoto T: Cerebrospinal fluid IgM, IgA, and IgG indexes in systemic lupus erythematosus. Their use as estimates of central nervous system disease activity. Arch Intern Med. 1985, 145: 1843-1846. 10.1001\/archinte.145.10.1843.","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"1216_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1177\/096120339200100209","volume":"1","author":"J Alcocer-Varela","year":"1992","unstructured":"Alcocer-Varela J, Aleman-Hoey D, Alarcon-Segovia D: Interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 activities are increased in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with CNS lupus erythematosus and correlate with local late T-cell activation markers. Lupus. 1992, 1: 111-117.","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"1216_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1006\/clin.1993.1029","volume":"66","author":"S Hirohata","year":"1993","unstructured":"Hirohata S, Tanimoto K, Ito K: Elevation of cerebrospinal fluid interleukin-6 activity in patients with vasculitides and central nervous system involvement. Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1993, 66: 225-229. 10.1006\/clin.1993.1029.","journal-title":"Clin Immunol Immunopathol"},{"key":"1216_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1177\/096120330000900704","volume":"9","author":"E Trysberg","year":"2000","unstructured":"Trysberg E, Carlsten H, Tarkowski A: Intrathecal cytokines in systemic lupus erythematosus with central nervous system involvement. Lupus. 2000, 9: 498-503.","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"1216_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.3109\/03009749409103028","volume":"23","author":"CY Tsai","year":"1994","unstructured":"Tsai CY, Wu TH, Tsai ST, Chen KH, Thajeb P, Lin WM, Yu HS, Yu CL: Cerebrospinal fluid interleukin-6, prostaglandin E2 and autoantibodies in patients with neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus and central nervous system infections. Scand J Rheumatol. 1994, 23: 57-63.","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol"},{"key":"1216_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.3109\/08916939409007993","volume":"18","author":"TS Yeh","year":"1994","unstructured":"Yeh TS, Wang CR, Jeng GW, Lee GL, Chen MY, Wang GR, Lin KT, Chuang CY, Chen CY: The study of anticardiolipin antibodies and interleukin-6 in cerebrospinal fluid and blood of Chinese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and central nervous system involvement. Autoimmunity. 1994, 18: 169-175.","journal-title":"Autoimmunity"},{"key":"1216_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.60.4.372","volume":"60","author":"E Svenungsson","year":"2001","unstructured":"Svenungsson E, Andersson M, Brundin L, van Vollenhoven R, Khademi M, Tarkowski A, Greitz D, Dahlstrom M, Lundberg I, Klareskog L, et al: Increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide metabolites in neuropsychiatric lupus erythematosus. Ann Rheum Dis. 2001, 60: 372-379. 10.1136\/ard.60.4.372.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"1216_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2881","DOI":"10.1002\/art.11279","volume":"48","author":"E Trysberg","year":"2003","unstructured":"Trysberg E, Nyl\u00e9n K, Rosengren L, Tarkowski A: Neuronal and astrocytic damage in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with central nervous system involvement. Arthritis Rheum. 2003, 48: 2881-2887. 10.1002\/art.11279.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"1216_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0173(01)00101-1","volume":"36","author":"D Leppert","year":"2001","unstructured":"Leppert D, Lindberg RL, Kappos L, Leib SL: Matrix metalloproteinases: multifunctional effectors of inflammation in multiple sclerosis and bacterial meningitis. Brain Res Brain Res Rev. 2001, 36: 249-257. 10.1016\/S0165-0173(01)00101-1.","journal-title":"Brain Res Brain Res Rev"},{"key":"1216_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1159\/000097229","volume":"3","author":"PE Gottschall","year":"1996","unstructured":"Gottschall PE, Deb S: Regulation of matrix metalloproteinase expressions in astrocytes, microglia and neurons. Neuroimmunomodulation. 1996, 3: 69-75.","journal-title":"Neuroimmunomodulation"},{"key":"1216_CR22","first-page":"2322","volume":"50","author":"G Apodaca","year":"1990","unstructured":"Apodaca G, Rutka JT, Bouhana K, Berens ME, Giblin JR, Rosenblum ML, McKerrow JH, Banda MJ: Expression of metalloproteinases and metalloproteinase inhibitors by fetal astrocytes and glioma cells. Cancer Res. 1990, 50: 2322-2329.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"1216_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-1136(199801)22:1<53::AID-GLIA5>3.0.CO;2-9","volume":"22","author":"JH Uhm","year":"1998","unstructured":"Uhm JH, Dooley NP, Oh LY, Yong VW: Oligodendrocytes utilize a matrix metalloproteinase, MMP-9, to extend processes along an astrocyte extracellular matrix. Glia. 1998, 22: 53-63. 10.1002\/(SICI)1098-1136(199801)22:1<53::AID-GLIA5>3.0.CO;2-9.","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"1216_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5728(92)90192-N","volume":"41","author":"K Gijbels","year":"1992","unstructured":"Gijbels K, Masure S, Carton H, Opdenakker G: Gelatinase in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with multiple sclerosis and other inflammatory neurological disorders. J Neuroimmunol. 1992, 41: 29-34. 10.1016\/0165-5728(92)90192-N.","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"1216_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1734","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/124.9.1734","volume":"124","author":"SL Leib","year":"2001","unstructured":"Leib SL, Clements JM, Lindberg RL, Heimgartner C, Loeffler JM, Pfister LA, Tauber MG, Leppert D: Inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases and tumour necrosis factor alpha converting enzyme as adjuvant therapy in pneumococcal meningitis. Brain. 2001, 124: 1734-1742. 10.1093\/brain\/124.9.1734.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"1216_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2632","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119084","volume":"98","author":"SL Leib","year":"1996","unstructured":"Leib SL, Kim YS, Chow LL, Sheldon RA, Tauber MG: Reactive oxygen intermediates contribute to necrotic and apoptotic neuronal injury in an infant rat model of bacterial meningitis due to group B streptococci. J Clin Invest. 1996, 98: 2632-2639.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"1216_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1725","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780400928","volume":"40","author":"MC Hochberg","year":"1997","unstructured":"Hochberg MC: Updating the American College of Rheumatology revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus [letter]. Arthritis Rheum. 1997, 40: 1725-","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"1216_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2881","DOI":"10.1002\/art.11279","volume":"48","author":"E Trysberg","year":"2003","unstructured":"Trysberg E, Nylen K, Rosengren LE, Tarkowski A: Neuronal and astrocytic damage in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with central nervous system involvement. Arthritis Rheum. 2003, 48: 2881-2887. 10.1002\/art.11279.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"1216_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1076\/jcen.20.2.157.1166","volume":"20","author":"SA Breitbach","year":"1998","unstructured":"Breitbach SA, Alexander RW, Daltroy LH, Liang MH, Boll TJ, Karlson EW, Partiridge AJ, Roberts WN, Stern SH, Wacholtz MC, et al: Determinants of cognitive performance in systemic lupus erythematosus. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 1998, 20: 157-166. 10.1076\/jcen.20.2.157.1166.","journal-title":"J Clin Exp Neuropsychol"},{"key":"1216_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1159\/000116919","volume":"33","author":"K Blennow","year":"1993","unstructured":"Blennow K, Fredman P, Wallin A, Gottfries CG, Karlsson I, Langstrom G, Skoog I, Svennerholm L, Wikkelso C: Protein analysis in cerebrospinal fluid. II. Reference values derived from healthy individuals 18\u201388 years of age. Eur Neurol. 1993, 33: 129-133.","journal-title":"Eur Neurol"},{"key":"1216_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(65)90320-7","volume":"19","author":"BW Moore","year":"1965","unstructured":"Moore BW: A soluble protein characteristic of the nervous system. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1965, 19: 739-744. 10.1016\/0006-291X(65)90320-7.","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"1216_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R129","DOI":"10.1186\/ar1040","volume":"6","author":"E Trysberg","year":"2004","unstructured":"Trysberg E, H\u00f6glund K, Svenungsson E, Blennow K, Tarkowski A: Decreased levels of soluble amyloid \u03b2-protein precursor and \u03b2-amyloid protein in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Res Ther. 2004, 6: R129-R136. 10.1186\/ar1040.","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"1216_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(90)91190-4","volume":"171","author":"Y Okada","year":"1990","unstructured":"Okada Y, Tsuchiya H, Shimizu H, Tomita K, Nakanishi I, Sato H, Seiki M, Yamashita K, Hayakawa T: Induction and stimulation of 92-kDa gelatinase\/type IV collagenase production in osteosarcoma and fibrosarcoma cell lines by tumor necrosis factor alpha. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1990, 171: 610-617. 10.1016\/0006-291X(90)91190-4.","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"1216_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2017","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)52202-X","volume":"266","author":"M Lotz","year":"1991","unstructured":"Lotz M, Guerne PA: Interleukin-6 induces the synthesis of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1\/erythroid potentiating activity (TIMP-1\/EPA). J Biol Chem. 1991, 266: 2017-2020.","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"1216_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(99)00303-2","volume":"173","author":"E Matsuura","year":"2000","unstructured":"Matsuura E, Umehara F, Hashiguchi T, Fujimoto N, Okada Y, Osame M: Marked increase of matrix metalloproteinase 9 in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with fungal or tuberculous meningoencephalitis. J Neurol Sci. 2000, 173: 45-52. 10.1016\/S0022-510X(99)00303-2.","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"1216_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(02)00317-9","volume":"206","author":"S Shapiro","year":"2003","unstructured":"Shapiro S, Miller A, Lahat N, Sobel E, Lerner A: Expression of matrix metalloproteinases, sICAM-1 and IL-8 in CSF from children with meningitis. J Neurol Sci. 2003, 206: 43-48. 10.1016\/S0022-510X(02)00317-9.","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"1216_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5728(97)00247-6","volume":"84","author":"SA Kolb","year":"1998","unstructured":"Kolb SA, Lahrtz F, Paul R, Leppert D, Nadal D, Pfister HW, Fontana A: Matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases in viral meningitis: upregulation of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in cerebrospinal fluid. J Neuroimmunol. 1998, 84: 143-150. 10.1016\/S0165-5728(97)00247-6.","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"1216_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.156.1.1","volume":"156","author":"EJ Goetzl","year":"1996","unstructured":"Goetzl EJ, Banda MJ, Leppert D: Matrix metalloproteinases in immunity. J Immunol. 1996, 156: 1-4.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"1216_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2327","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.158.5.2327","volume":"158","author":"RN Johnatty","year":"1997","unstructured":"Johnatty RN, Taub DD, Reeder SP, Turcovski-Corrales SM, Cottam DW, Stephenson TJ, Rees RC: Cytokine and chemokine regulation of proMMP-9 and TIMP-1 production by human peripheral blood lymphocytes. J Immunol. 1997, 158: 2327-2333.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"1216_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.240530404","volume":"53","author":"A Mauviel","year":"1993","unstructured":"Mauviel A: Cytokine regulation of metalloproteinase gene expression. J Cell Biochem. 1993, 53: 288-295.","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem"},{"key":"1216_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1016\/S0945-053X(97)90026-3","volume":"15","author":"U Benbow","year":"1997","unstructured":"Benbow U, Brinckerhoff CE: The AP-1 site and MMP gene regulation: what is all the fuss about?. Matrix Biol. 1997, 15: 519-526. 10.1016\/S0945-053X(97)90026-3.","journal-title":"Matrix Biol"},{"key":"1216_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2032","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.10905","volume":"95","author":"S Shapiro","year":"2002","unstructured":"Shapiro S, Shoenfeld Y, Gilburd B, Sobel E, Lahat N: Intravenous gamma globulin inhibits the production of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in macrophages. Cancer. 2002, 95: 2032-2037. 10.1002\/cncr.10905.","journal-title":"Cancer"}],"container-title":["Arthritis Res Ther"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/ar1228.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/ar1228\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/ar1228.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,8]],"date-time":"2024-10-08T10:27:46Z","timestamp":1728383266000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/arthritis-research.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/ar1228"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,23]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,10]]}},"alternative-id":["1216"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/ar1228","relation":{},"ISSN":["1478-6354"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1478-6354","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 April 2004","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 June 2004","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 July 2004","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 September 2004","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"R551"}}