{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T11:53:45Z","timestamp":1791114825374,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,5]],"date-time":"2005-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1133740800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,5]],"date-time":"2005-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1133740800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis Res Ther"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to investigate HLA class II associations in polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM), and to determine how these associations influence clinical and serological differences. DNA samples were obtained from 225 UK Caucasian idiopathic inflammatory myopathy patients (PM = 117, DM = 108) and compared with 537 randomly selected UK Caucasian controls. All cases had also been assessed for the presence of related malignancy and interstitial lung disease (ILD), and a number of myositis-specific\/myositis-associated antibodies (MSAs\/MAAs). Subjects were genotyped for HLA-DRB1, DQA1 and DQB1. HLA-DRB1*03, DQA1*05 and DQB1*02 were associated with an increased risk for both PM and DM. The HLA-DRB1*03-DQA1*05-DQB1*02 haplotype demonstrated strong association with ILD, irrespective of myositis subtype or presence of anti-aminoacyl-transfer RNA synthetase antibodies. The HLA-DRB1*07-DQA1*02-DQB1*02 haplotype was associated with risk for anti-Mi-2 antibodies, and discriminated PM from DM (odds ratio 0.3, 95% confidence interval 0.1\u20130.6), even in anti-Mi-2 negative patients. Other MSA\/MAAs showed specific associations with other HLA class II haplotypes, irrespective of myositis subtype. There were no genotype, haplotype or serological associations with malignancy. The HLA-DRB1*03-DQA1*05-DQB1*02 haplotype associations appear to not only govern disease susceptibility in Caucasian PM\/DM patients, but also phenotypic features common to PM\/DM. Though strongly associated with anti-Mi-2 antibodies, the HLA-DRB1*07-DQA1*02-DQB1*02 haplotype shows differential associations with PM\/DM disease susceptibility. In conclusion, these findings support the notion that myositis patients with differing myositis serology have different immunogenetic profiles, and that these profiles may define specific myositis subtypes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/ar1862","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,7]],"date-time":"2005-12-07T07:20:36Z","timestamp":1133940036000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":106,"title":["In adult onset myositis, the presence of interstitial lung disease and myositis specific\/associated antibodies are governed by HLA class II haplotype, rather than by myositis subtype"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Hector","family":"Chinoy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fiona","family":"Salway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noreen","family":"Fertig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neil","family":"Shephard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian D","family":"Tait","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendy","family":"Thomson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A","family":"Isenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chester V","family":"Oddis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan J","family":"Silman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William ER","family":"Ollier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert G","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"the UK Adult Onset Myositis Immunogenetic Collaboration (AOMIC)","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"1740_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1097\/00002281-200011000-00002","volume":"12","author":"EA Shamim","year":"2000","unstructured":"Shamim EA, Rider LG, Miller FW: Update on the genetics of the idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2000, 12: 482-491. 10.1097\/00002281-200011000-00002.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"key":"1740_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00240137","volume":"73","author":"P Luppi","year":"1995","unstructured":"Luppi P, Rossiello MR, Faas S, Trucco M: Genetic background and environment contribute synergistically to the onset of autoimmune diseases. J Mol Med. 1995, 73: 381-393. 10.1007\/BF00240137.","journal-title":"J Mol Med"},{"issue":"Suppl 5","key":"1740_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.99107s5693","volume":"107","author":"GS Cooper","year":"1999","unstructured":"Cooper GS, Miller FW, Pandey JP: The role of genetic factors in autoimmune disease: implications for environmental research. Environ Health Perspect. 1999, 107 (Suppl 5): 693-700.","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"1740_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-199111000-00002","volume":"70","author":"LA Love","year":"1991","unstructured":"Love LA, Leff RL, Fraser DD, Targoff IN, Dalakas M, Plotz PH, Miller FW: A new approach to the classification of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy: myositis-specific autoantibodies define useful homogeneous patient groups. Medicine (Baltimore). 1991, 70: 360-374.","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"1740_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780390910","volume":"39","author":"FC Arnett","year":"1996","unstructured":"Arnett FC, Targoff IN, Mimori T, Goldstein R, Warner NB, Reveille JD: Interrelationship of major histocompatibility complex class II alleles and autoantibodies in four ethnic groups with various forms of myositis. Arthritis Rheum. 1996, 39: 1507-1518.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"1740_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1257","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199707)40:7<1257::AID-ART10>3.0.CO;2-R","volume":"40","author":"I Hausmanowa-Petrusewicz","year":"1997","unstructured":"Hausmanowa-Petrusewicz I, Kowalska-Oledzka E, Miller FW, Jarzabek-Chorzelska M, Targoff IN, Blaszczyk-Kostanecka M, Jablonska S: Clinical, serologic, and immunogenetic features in Polish patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. Arthritis Rheum. 1997, 40: 1257-1266.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"1740_CR7","first-page":"1855","volume":"21","author":"D Zantos","year":"1994","unstructured":"Zantos D, Zhang Y, Felson D: The overall and temporal association of cancer with polymyositis and dermatomyositis. J Rheumatol. 1994, 21: 1855-1859.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"1740_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-857X(02)00030-3","volume":"28","author":"MC Dalakas","year":"2002","unstructured":"Dalakas MC: Muscle biopsy findings in inflammatory myopathies. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2002, 28: 779-798, vi. 10.1016\/S0889-857X(02)00030-3.","journal-title":"Rheum Dis Clin North Am"},{"key":"1740_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197502132920706","volume":"292","author":"A Bohan","year":"1975","unstructured":"Bohan A, Peter JB: Polymyositis and dermatomyositis (first of two parts). N Engl J Med. 1975, 292: 344-347.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1740_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197502202920807","volume":"292","author":"A Bohan","year":"1975","unstructured":"Bohan A, Peter JB: Polymyositis and dermatomyositis (second of two parts). N Engl J Med. 1975, 292: 403-407.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1740_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.annonc.a058097","volume":"3","author":"E Riboli","year":"1992","unstructured":"Riboli E: Nutrition and cancer: background and rationale of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Ann Oncol. 1992, 3: 783-791.","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"1740_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1955","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780401106","volume":"40","author":"DP Symmons","year":"1997","unstructured":"Symmons DP, Bankhead CR, Harrison BJ, Brennan P, Barrett EM, Scott DG, Silman AJ: Blood transfusion, smoking, and obesity as risk factors for the development of rheumatoid arthritis: results from a primary care-based incident case-control study in Norfolk, England. Arthritis Rheum. 1997, 40: 1955-1961.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"1740_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/41.10.1183","volume":"41","author":"W Thomson","year":"2002","unstructured":"Thomson W, Barrett JH, Donn R, Pepper L, Kennedy LJ, Ollier WE, Silman AJ, Woo P, Southwood T: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis classified by the ILAR criteria: HLA associations in UK patients. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2002, 41: 1183-1189. 10.1093\/rheumatology\/41.10.1183.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"1740_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/0198-8859(92)90085-2","volume":"34","author":"DG Doherty","year":"1992","unstructured":"Doherty DG, Vaughan RW, Donaldson PT, Mowat AP: HLA DQA, DQB, and DRB genotyping by oligonucleotide analysis: distribution of alleles and haplotypes in British caucasoids. Hum Immunol. 1992, 34: 53-63. 10.1016\/0198-8859(92)90085-2.","journal-title":"Hum Immunol"},{"key":"1740_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-119-10-199311150-00007","volume":"119","author":"Y Okano","year":"1993","unstructured":"Okano Y, Steen VD, Medsger TA: Autoantibody reactive with RNA polymerase III in systemic sclerosis. Ann Intern Med. 1993, 119: 1005-1013.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"1740_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1002\/art.11484","volume":"50","author":"AH Kao","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kao AH, Lacomis D, Lucas M, Fertig N, Oddis CV: Anti-signal recognition particle autoantibody in patients with and patients without idiopathic inflammatory myopathy. Arthritis Rheum. 2004, 50: 209-215. 10.1002\/art.11484.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"1740_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1663","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200107)44:7<1663::AID-ART290>3.0.CO;2-C","volume":"44","author":"OH Gunduz","year":"2001","unstructured":"Gunduz OH, Fertig N, Lucas M, Medsger TA: Systemic sclerosis with renal crisis and pulmonary hypertension: a report of eleven cases. Arthritis Rheum. 2001, 44: 1663-1666. 10.1002\/1529-0131(200107)44:7<1663::AID-ART290>3.0.CO;2-C.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"1740_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-1809.1995.tb01608.x","volume":"59","author":"PC Sham","year":"1995","unstructured":"Sham PC, Curtis D: Monte Carlo tests for associations between disease and alleles at highly polymorphic loci. Ann Hum Genet. 1995, 59: 97-105.","journal-title":"Ann Hum Genet"},{"key":"1740_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bth071","volume":"20","author":"JH Zhao","year":"2004","unstructured":"Zhao JH: 2LD, GENOCOUNTING and HAP: computer programs for linkage disequilibrium analysis. Bioinformatics. 2004, 20: 1325-1326. 10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bth071.","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"1740_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1086\/338007","volume":"70","author":"HJ Cordell","year":"2002","unstructured":"Cordell HJ, Clayton DG: A unified stepwise regression procedure for evaluating the relative effects of polymorphisms within a gene using case\/control or family data: application to HLA in type 1 diabetes. Am J Hum Genet. 2002, 70: 124-141. 10.1086\/338007.","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"1740_CR21","first-page":"541","volume":"45","author":"H Payami","year":"1989","unstructured":"Payami H, Joe S, Farid NR, Stenszky V, Chan SH, Yeo PP, Cheah JS, Thomson G: Relative predispositional effects (RPEs) of marker alleles with disease: HLA-DR alleles and Graves disease. Am J Hum Genet. 1989, 45: 541-546.","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"1740_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.60.2.116","volume":"60","author":"R Brouwer","year":"2001","unstructured":"Brouwer R, Hengstman GJ, Vree EW, Ehrfeld H, Bozic B, Ghirardello A, Grondal G, Hietarinta M, Isenberg D, Kalden JR, et al: Autoantibody profiles in the sera of European patients with myositis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2001, 60: 116-123. 10.1136\/ard.60.2.116.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"1740_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20208","volume":"50","author":"AB Hassan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hassan AB, Nikitina-Zake L, Sanjeevi CB, Lundberg IE, Padyukov L: Association of the proinflammatory haplotype (MICA5.1\/TNF2\/TNFa2\/DRB1*03) with polymyositis and dermatomyositis. Arthritis Rheum. 2004, 50: 1013-1015. 10.1002\/art.20208.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"1740_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-0039.2002.590105.x","volume":"59","author":"T Horiki","year":"2002","unstructured":"Horiki T, Ichikawa Y, Moriuchi J, Hoshina Y, Yamada C, Wakabayashi T, Jackson K, Inoko H: HLA class II haplotypes associated with pulmonary interstitial lesions of polymyositis\/dermatomyositis in Japanese patients. Tissue Antigens. 2002, 59: 25-30. 10.1034\/j.1399-0039.2002.590105.x.","journal-title":"Tissue Antigens"},{"key":"1740_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1038\/nri976","volume":"3","author":"PH Plotz","year":"2003","unstructured":"Plotz PH: The autoantibody repertoire: searching for order. Nat Rev Immunol. 2003, 3: 73-78. 10.1038\/nri976.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"1740_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.59.2.141","volume":"59","author":"GJ Hengstman","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hengstman GJ, van Venrooij WJ, Vencovsky J, Moutsopoulos HM, van Engelen BG: The relative prevalence of dermatomyositis and polymyositis in Europe exhibits a latitudinal gradient. Ann Rheum Dis. 2000, 59: 141-142. 10.1136\/ard.59.2.141.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"1740_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1885","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10358","volume":"46","author":"EA Shamim","year":"2002","unstructured":"Shamim EA, Rider LG, Pandey JP, O'Hanlon TP, Jara LJ, Samayoa EA, Burgos-Vargas R, Vazquez-Mellado J, Alcocer-Varela J, Salazar-Paramo M, et al: Differences in idiopathic inflammatory myopathy phenotypes and genotypes between Mesoamerican Mestizos and North American Caucasians: ethnogeographic influences in the genetics and clinical expression of myositis. Arthritis Rheum. 2002, 46: 1885-1893. 10.1002\/art.10358.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"1740_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2285","DOI":"10.1002\/art.11090","volume":"48","author":"S Okada","year":"2003","unstructured":"Okada S, Weatherhead E, Targoff IN, Wesley R, Miller FW: Global surface ultraviolet radiation intensity may modulate the clinical and immunologic expression of autoimmune muscle disease. Arthritis Rheum. 2003, 48: 2285-2293. 10.1002\/art.11090.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"1740_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19910715)68:2<439::AID-CNCR2820680238>3.0.CO;2-L","volume":"68","author":"DB Czarnecki","year":"1991","unstructured":"Czarnecki DB, Lewis A, Nicholson I, Tait B: Multiple nonmelanoma skin cancer associated with HLA DR7 in southern Australia. Cancer. 1991, 68: 439-440. 10.1002\/1097-0142(19910715)68:2<439::AID-CNCR2820680238>3.0.CO;2-L.","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"1740_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1159\/000247394","volume":"185","author":"D Czarnecki","year":"1992","unstructured":"Czarnecki D, Watkins F, Leahy S, Dyall-Smith D, Levis A, Nicholson I, Tait B: Skin cancers and HLA frequencies in renal transplant recipients. Dermatology. 1992, 185: 9-11.","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"1740_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(99)70525-6","volume":"40","author":"CS Ong","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ong CS, Keogh AM, Kossard S, Macdonald PS, Spratt PM: Skin cancer in Australian heart transplant recipients. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1999, 40: 27-34. 10.1016\/S0190-9622(99)70525-6.","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"1740_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2230.2001.00830.x","volume":"26","author":"JN Barker","year":"2001","unstructured":"Barker JN: Genetic aspects of psoriasis. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2001, 26: 321-325. 10.1046\/j.1365-2230.2001.00830.x.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"}],"container-title":["Arthritis Research &amp; Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/ar1862.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/ar1862\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/ar1862.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,8]],"date-time":"2024-10-08T10:26:22Z","timestamp":1728383182000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/arthritis-research.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/ar1862"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,5]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,2]]}},"alternative-id":["1740"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/ar1862","relation":{},"ISSN":["1478-6354"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1478-6354","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"22 September 2005","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 October 2005","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 November 2005","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 December 2005","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"R13"}}