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The relation of anti-\u03b1-actinin antibodies with lupus nephritis and anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibodies represented a particular focus for the study. Using a cross-sectional design, the presence of antibodies to \u03b1-actinin was studied in selected groups, classified according to the relevant American College of Rheumatology classification criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 99), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 68), Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 85), and fibromyalgia (FM) (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 29), and in a random group of ANA-positive individuals (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 142). Renal disease was defined as (increased) proteinuria with haematuria or presence of cellular casts. Sera from SLE, RA, and Sj\u00f8gren's syndrome (SS) patients had significantly higher levels of anti-\u03b1-actinin antibodies than the other patient groups. Using the geometric mean (\u00b1 2 standard deviations) in FM patients as the upper cutoff, 20% of SLE patients, 12% of RA patients, 4% of SS patients, and none of the WG patients were positive for anti-\u03b1-actinin antibodies. Within the SLE cohort, anti-\u03b1-actinin antibody levels were higher in patients with renal flares (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.02) and correlated independently with anti-dsDNA antibody levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.007) but not with other disease features. In the random ANA group, 14 individuals had anti-\u03b1-actinin antibodies. Of these, 36% had SLE, while 64% suffered from other, mostly autoimmune, disorders. Antibodies binding to \u03b1-actinin were detected in 20% of SLE patients but were not specific for SLE. They correlate with anti-dsDNA antibody levels, implying <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> cross-reactivity of anti-dsDNA antibodies, which may explain the observed association with renal disease in SLE.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,25]],"date-time":"2006-10-25T00:56:08Z","timestamp":1161737768000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Alpha-actinin-binding antibodies in relation to systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus nephritis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Andrea","family":"Becker-Merok","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manar","family":"Kalaaji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaia","family":"Haugbro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cathrin","family":"Nikolaisen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kirsten","family":"Nilsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ole Petter","family":"Rekvig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes C","family":"Nossent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"1935_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2003.tb06036.x","volume":"987","author":"US Deshmukh","year":"2003","unstructured":"Deshmukh US, Gaskin F, Lewis JE, Kannapell CC, Fu SM: Mechanisms of autoantibody diversification to SLE-related autoantigens. 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