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Chemokines play an important role in the development of autoimmune diseases in animal models and humans. The present study was performed to investigate whether the progression of organ-specific autoimmune diseases could be reduced more markedly by accumulating chemokine receptor-expressing CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD25<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> regulatory T cells efficiently in target organs in MRL\/MpJ-<jats:italic>lpr<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>lpr<\/jats:italic> (MRL\/lpr) mice. CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD25<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>Foxp3<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells (Treg cells) and CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD25<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>Foxp3<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> CCR2-transfected T cells (CCR2-Treg cells) were transferred via retro-orbital injection into 12-week-old MRL\/lpr mice at the early stage of pneumonitis and sialadenitis, and the pathological changes were evaluated. Expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1)\/CCL2 was observed in the lung and submandibular gland of the mice and increased age-dependently. The level of CCR2 expression and MCP-1 chemotactic activity of CCR2-Treg cells were much higher than those of Treg cells. MRL\/lpr mice to which CCR2-Treg cells had been transferred showed significantly reduced progression of pneumonitis and sialadenitis in comparison with MRL\/lpr mice that had received Treg cells. This was due to more pronounced migration of CCR2-Treg cells and their localization for a longer time in MCP-1-expressing lung and submandibular gland, resulting in stronger suppressive activity. We prepared chemokine receptor-expressing Treg cells and demonstrated their ability to ameliorate disease progression by accumulating in target organs. This method may provide a new therapeutic approach for organ-specific autoimmune diseases in which the target antigens remain undefined.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,7]],"date-time":"2007-02-07T09:48:21Z","timestamp":1170841701000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Therapy for pneumonitis and sialadenitis by accumulation of CCR2-expressing CD4+CD25+regulatory T cells in MRL\/lpr mice"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Hitoshi","family":"Hasegawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Atsushi","family":"Inoue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masatake","family":"Muraoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Yamanouchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tatsuhiko","family":"Miyazaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masaki","family":"Yasukawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"1986_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.21.120601.141122","volume":"22","author":"S Sakaguchi","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sakaguchi S: Naturally arising CD4+ regulatory T cells for immunologic self-tolerance and negative control of immune responses. 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