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We investigated the interaction between TLR and HO-1 in an inflammatory disorder, namely Beh\u00e7et's disease.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>Thirty-three patients with Beh\u00e7et's disease and 30 healthy control individuals were included in the study. Expression levels of HO-1, TLR2 and TLR4 mRNA were semiquantitatively analyzed using a real-time PCR technique, and HO-1 protein level was determined by immunoblotting in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and polymorphonuclear leukocytes. In some experiments, cells were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide or heat shock protein-60; these proteins are known to be ligands for TLR2 and 4.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>Levels of expression of HO-1 mRNA were significantly reduced in PBMCs from patients with active Beh\u00e7et's disease, whereas those of TLR4, but not TLR2, were increased in PBMCs, regardless of disease activity. Moreover, HO-1 expression in PBMCs from patients with Beh\u00e7et's disease was repressed in the presence of either lipopolysaccharide or heat shock protein-60.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>The results suggest that upregulated TLR4 is associated with HO-1 reduction in PBMCs from patients with Beh\u00e7et's disease, leading to augmented inflammatory responses.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2367","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,31]],"date-time":"2008-01-31T07:15:23Z","timestamp":1201763723000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Association of reduced heme oxygenase-1 with excessive Toll-like receptor 4 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in Beh\u00e7et's disease"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Yohei","family":"Kirino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mitsuhiro","family":"Takeno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reikou","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuji","family":"Murakami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masayoshi","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haruko","family":"Ideguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Atsushi","family":"Ihata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shigeru","family":"Ohno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Atsuhisa","family":"Ueda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nobuhisa","family":"Mizuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshiaki","family":"Ishigatsubo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"2217_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1284","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199910213411707","volume":"341","author":"T Sakane","year":"1999","unstructured":"Sakane T, Takeno M, Suzuki N, Inaba G: Behcet's disease. 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