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Sinus aspergilloma occurs occasionally in RA patients and can progress to invasive Aspergillus disease. The purpose of this study was to describe symptomatic sinus aspergilloma in RA patients treated with TNF\u03b1 antagonists.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>Retrospective descriptive study of symptomatic cases of sinus aspergilloma in patients with RA followed in three French university hospitals. A systematic literature review was performed.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>Among 550 RA patients treated with TNF\u03b1 antagonists, six (1.1%) had symptomatic maxillary aspergilloma diagnosed by computed tomography before or during TNF\u03b1 antagonist therapy. None had chronic neutropenia. Aspergilloma treatment was with surgery only in all six patients. In the literature, we found 20 reports of Aspergillus infection in patients with chronic inflammatory joint diseases (including 10 with RA). Only 5\/20 patients were treated with TNF\u03b1 antagonists (invasive lung aspergillosis, n = 3; intracranial aspergillosis, n = 1; and sphenoidal sinusitis, n = 1).<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>Otorhinolaryngological symptoms must be evaluated before starting or switching TNF\u03b1 antagonists. Routine computed tomography of the sinuses before starting or switching TNF\u03b1 antagonists may deserve consideration.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2849","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,3]],"date-time":"2009-11-03T19:14:10Z","timestamp":1257275650000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Sinus aspergilloma in rheumatoid arthritis before or during tumor necrosis factor-alpha antagonist therapy"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Ariane","family":"Leboime","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Marie","family":"Berthelot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yannick","family":"Allanore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lama","family":"Khalil-Kallouche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Herman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Orcel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"Liot\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2686_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2287","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10524","volume":"46","author":"MF Doran","year":"2002","unstructured":"Doran MF, Crowson CS, Pond GR, O'Fallon WM, Gabriel SE: Frequency of infection in patients with rheumatoid arthritis compared with controls: a population-based study. 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