{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T10:15:39Z","timestamp":1790244939709,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,2]],"date-time":"2012-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1335916800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,2]],"date-time":"2012-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1335916800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis Res Ther"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract\n<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Introduction\n<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>We previously demonstrated that synovial sublining macrophages express folate receptor beta (FR\u03b2). The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of intra-articular administration of a recombinant immunotoxin to FR\u03b2 for treating rat antigen-induced arthritis.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Methods\n<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>A monoclonal antibody (mAb) to rat FR\u03b2 was produced by immunizing mice with B300-19 cells (murine pre-B cells) transfected with the rat FR\u03b2 gene. Recombinant immunotoxin was prepared by conjugating the Fv portion of the anti-rat FR\u03b2 mAb heavy chain with a truncated <jats:italic>Pseudomonas exotoxin A<\/jats:italic> and the Fv portion of the anti-rat FR\u03b2 mAb light chain. Antigen-induced arthritis was induced through intra-articular injection of methylated bovine serum albumin (mBSA) after two subcutaneous injections of mBSA and complete Freund's adjuvant. Immunotoxin was intra-articularly injected into the arthritis joint every other day for seven days after arthritis onset. Joint swelling was measured and histological scores of inflammation, synovial thickness, cartilage, and bone destruction were determined. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect osteoclast and osteoclast precursor FR\u03b2-expressing macrophages and cathepsin K-positive cells on day 21.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Results\n<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>Intra-articular administration of the immunotoxin attenuated joint swelling (61% suppression; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01 compared to the control on day 21) and improved histological findings, particularly cartilage and bone destruction (scores of rats treated with control versus the immunotoxin: 2.2 versus 0.5; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.01), by reducing the number of FR\u03b2-expressing macrophages and cathepsin K-positive cells.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Conclusions\n<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>Intra-articular administration of an immunotoxin to FR\u03b2 is effective for improving rat antigen-induced arthritis.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3831","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,2]],"date-time":"2012-05-02T16:15:22Z","timestamp":1335975322000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Efficacy of an immunotoxin to folate receptor beta in the intra-articular treatment of antigen-induced arthritis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Taku","family":"Nagai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Kyo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuhisa","family":"Hasui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonshin","family":"Takao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takami","family":"Matsuyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"3658_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0b013e32805e87ae","volume":"19","author":"Z Szekanecz","year":"2007","unstructured":"Szekanecz Z, Koch AE: Macrophages and their products in rheumatoid arthritis. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2007, 19: 289-295. 10.1097\/BOR.0b013e32805e87ae.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"3658_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"i83","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2009.120188","volume":"69","author":"KP McHugh","year":"2010","unstructured":"McHugh KP, Shen Z, Crotti TN, Flannery MR, O'Sullivan RP, Purdue PE, Goldring SR: The role of cell-substrate interaction in regulating osteoclast activation: potential implications in targeting bone loss in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2010, 69 (Suppl 1): i83-85. 10.1136\/ard.2009.120188.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"3658_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780390116","volume":"39","author":"D Mulherin","year":"1996","unstructured":"Mulherin D, Fitzgerald O, Bresnihan B: Synovial tissue macrophage populations and articular damage in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 1996, 39: 115-124. 10.1002\/art.1780390116.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"3658_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780400206","volume":"40","author":"PP Tak","year":"1997","unstructured":"Tak PP, Smeets TJ, Daha MR, Kluin PM, Meijers KA, Brand R, Meinders AE, Breedveld C: Analysis of the synovial cell infiltrate in early rheumatoid synovial tissue in relation to local disease activity. Arthritis Rheum. 1997, 40: 217-225. 10.1002\/art.1780400206.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"3658_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1800","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.090348","volume":"36","author":"B Bresnihan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bresnihan B, Pontifex E, Thurlings RM, Vinkenoog M, El-Gabalawy H, Fearon U, Fitzgerald O, Gerlag DM, Rooney T, van de Sande MG, Veale D, Vos K, Tak PP: Synovial tissue sublining CD68 expression is a biomarker of therapeutic response in rheumatoid arthritis clinical trials: consistency across centers. J Rheumatol. 2009, 36: 1800-1802. 10.3899\/jrheum.090348.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"3658_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1609","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(199908)42:8<1609::AID-ANR7>3.0.CO;2-L","volume":"42","author":"N Nakashima-Matsushita","year":"1999","unstructured":"Nakashima-Matsushita N, Homma T, Yu S, Matsuda T, Sunahara N, Nakamura T, Tsukano M, Ratnam M, Matsuyama T: Selective expression of folate receptor beta and its possible role in methotrexate transport in synovial macrophages from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 1999, 42: 1609-1616. 10.1002\/1529-0131(199908)42:8<1609::AID-ANR7>3.0.CO;2-L.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"3658_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2666","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21228","volume":"52","author":"R Nagayoshi","year":"2005","unstructured":"Nagayoshi R, Nagai T, Matsushita K, Sato K, Sunahara N, Matsuda T, Nakamura T, Komiya S, Onda M, Matsuyama T: Effectiveness of anti-folate receptor beta antibody conjugated with truncated Pseudomonas exotoxin in the targeting of rheumatoid arthritis synovial macrophages. Arthritis Rheum. 2005, 52: 2666-2675. 10.1002\/art.21228.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"3658_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.3109\/03009742.2011.605391","volume":"41","author":"Y Tsuneyoshi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tsuneyoshi Y, Tanaka M, Nagai T, Sunahara N, Matsuda T, Sonoda T, Ijiri K, Komiya S, Matsuyama T: Functional folate receptor beta-expressing macrophages in osteoarthritis synovium and their M1\/M2 expression profiles. Scand J Rheumatol. 2012, 41: 132-140. 10.3109\/03009742.2011.605391.","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol"},{"key":"3658_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3126","DOI":"10.1002\/art.22082","volume":"54","author":"T Nagai","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nagai T, Tanaka M, Tsuneyoshi Y, Matsushita K, Sunahara N, Matsuda T, Yoshida H, Komiya S, Onda M, Matsuyama T: In vitro and in vivo efficacy of a recombinant immunotoxin against folate receptor beta on the activation and proliferation of rheumatoid arthritis synovial cells. Arthritis Rheum. 2006, 54: 3126-3134. 10.1002\/art.22082.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"3658_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24219","volume":"60","author":"JW van der Heijden","year":"2009","unstructured":"van der Heijden JW, Oerlemans R, Dijkmans BA, Qi H, van der Laken CJ, Lems WF, Jackman AL, Kraan MC, Tak PP, Ratnam M, Jansen G: Folate receptor beta as a potential delivery route for novel folate antagonists to macrophages in the synovial tissue of rheumatoid arthritis patients. Arthritis Rheum. 2009, 60: 12-21. 10.1002\/art.24219.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"3658_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R56","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3304","volume":"13","author":"Y Lu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lu Y, Stinnette TW, Westrick E, Klein PJ, Gehrke MA, Cross VA, Vlahov IR, Low PS, Leamon CP: Treatment of experimental adjuvant arthritis with a novel folate receptor-targeted folic acid-aminopterin conjugate. Arthritis Res Ther. 2011, 13: R56-10.1186\/ar3304.","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"3658_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2003.015933","volume":"63","author":"P Sidiropoulos","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sidiropoulos P, Bertsias G, Kritikos HD, Kouroumali H, Voudouris K, Boumpas DT: Infliximab treatment for rheumatoid arthritis, with dose titration based on the Disease Activity Score: dose adjustments are common but not always sufficient to assure sustained benefit. Ann Rheum Dis. 2004, 63: 144-148. 10.1136\/ard.2003.015933.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"3658_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.2174\/187221108786241651","volume":"2","author":"MN Aly","year":"2008","unstructured":"Aly MN: Intra-articular drug delivery: a fast growing approach. Recent Pat Drug Deliv Formul. 2008, 2: 231-237. 10.2174\/187221108786241651.","journal-title":"Recent Pat Drug Deliv Formul"},{"key":"3658_CR14","first-page":"214","volume":"27","author":"MS Konai","year":"2009","unstructured":"Konai MS, Vilar Furtado RN, Dos Santos MF, Natour J: Monoarticular corticosteroid injection versus systemic administration in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis patients: a randomized double-blind controlled study. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2009, 27: 214-221.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"3658_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-009-1357-y","volume":"29","author":"GS Habib","year":"2010","unstructured":"Habib GS, Saliba W, Nashashibi M: Local effects of intra-articular corticosteroids. Clin Rheumatol. 2010, 29: 347-356. 10.1007\/s10067-009-1357-y.","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"3658_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arthro.2010.06.003","volume":"27","author":"M Goetz","year":"2011","unstructured":"Goetz M, Klug S, Gelse K, Swoboda B, Carl HD: Combined arthroscopic and radiation synovectomy of the knee joint in rheumatoid arthritis: 14-year follow-up. Arthroscopy. 2011, 27: 52-59. 10.1016\/j.arthro.2010.06.003.","journal-title":"Arthroscopy"},{"key":"3658_CR17","first-page":"1934","volume":"33","author":"BA Fisher","year":"2006","unstructured":"Fisher BA, Keat A: Should we be using intraarticular tumor necrosis factor blockade in inflammatory monoarthritis?. J Rheumatol. 2006, 33: 1934-1935.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"3658_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1577","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262-009-0667-x","volume":"58","author":"T Nagai","year":"2009","unstructured":"Nagai T, Tanaka M, Tsuneyoshi Y, Xu B, Michie SA, Hasui K, Hirano H, Arita K, Matsuyama T: Targeting tumor-associated macrophages in an experimental glioma model with a recombinant immunotoxin to folate receptor beta. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2009, 58: 1577-1586. 10.1007\/s00262-009-0667-x.","journal-title":"Cancer Immunol Immunother"},{"key":"3658_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/38.9.818","volume":"38","author":"PJ Richards","year":"1999","unstructured":"Richards PJ, Williams AS, Goodfellow RM, Williams BD: Liposomal clodronate eliminates synovial macrophages, reduces inflammation and ameliorates joint destruction in antigen-induced arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 1999, 38: 818-825. 10.1093\/rheumatology\/38.9.818.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"3658_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/35.8.719","volume":"35","author":"AS Williams","year":"1996","unstructured":"Williams AS, Camilleri JP, Goodfellow RM, Williams BD: A single intra-articular injection of liposomally conjugated methotrexate suppresses joint inflammation in rat antigen-induced arthritis. Br J Rheumatol. 1996, 35: 719-724. 10.1093\/rheumatology\/35.8.719.","journal-title":"Br J Rheumatol"},{"key":"3658_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1679\/aohc.66.123","volume":"66","author":"T Kawamoto","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kawamoto T: Use of a new adhesive film for the preparation of multi-purpose fresh-frozen sections from hard tissues, whole-animals, insects and plants. Arch Histol Cytol. 2003, 66: 123-143. 10.1679\/aohc.66.123.","journal-title":"Arch Histol Cytol"},{"key":"3658_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2135","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.20457","volume":"94","author":"AR Hilgenbrink","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hilgenbrink AR, Low PS: Folate receptor-mediated drug targeting: from therapeutics to diagnostics. J Pharm Sci. 2005, 94: 2135-2146. 10.1002\/jps.20457.","journal-title":"J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"3658_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.10480","volume":"49","author":"N Beckmann","year":"2003","unstructured":"Beckmann N, Falk R, Zurbr\u00fcgg S, Dawson J, Engelhardt P: Macrophage infiltration into the rat knee detected by MRI in a model of antigen-induced arthritis. Magn Reson Med. 2003, 49: 1047-1055. 10.1002\/mrm.10480.","journal-title":"Magn Reson Med"},{"key":"3658_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01986404","volume":"41","author":"R Brauer","year":"1994","unstructured":"Brauer R, Kette H, Henzgen S, Thoss K: Influence of cyclosporin A on cytokine levels in synovial fluid and serum of rats with antigen-induced arthritis. Agents Actions. 1994, 41: 96-98. 10.1007\/BF01986404.","journal-title":"Agents Actions"},{"key":"3658_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200002)43:2<250::AID-ANR3>3.0.CO;2-P","volume":"43","author":"EM Gravallese","year":"2000","unstructured":"Gravallese EM, Manning C, Tsay A, Naito A, Pan C, Amento E, Goldring SR: Synovial tissue in rheumatoid arthritis is a source of osteoclast differentiation factor. Arthritis Rheum. 2000, 43: 250-258. 10.1002\/1529-0131(200002)43:2<250::AID-ANR3>3.0.CO;2-P.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"3658_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3192","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21343","volume":"52","author":"G Schett","year":"2005","unstructured":"Schett G, Stolina M, Bolon B, Middleton S, Adlam M, Brown H, Zhu L, Feige U, Zack DJ: Analysis of the kinetics of osteoclastogenesis in arthritic rats. Arthritis Rheum. 2005, 52: 3192-3201. 10.1002\/art.21343.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"3658_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R77","DOI":"10.1186\/ar1944","volume":"8","author":"CM Paulos","year":"2006","unstructured":"Paulos CM, Varghese B, Widmer WR, Breur GJ, Vlashi E, Low PS: Folate-targeted immunotherapy effectively treats established adjuvant and collagen-induced arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2006, 8: R77-10.1186\/ar1944.","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"3658_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2671","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30459","volume":"63","author":"TP Thomas","year":"2011","unstructured":"Thomas TP, Goonewardena SN, Majoros IJ, Kotlyar A, Cao Z, Leroueil PR, Baker JR: Folate-targeted nanoparticles show efficacy in the treatment of inflammatory arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2011, 63: 2671-2680. 10.1002\/art.30459.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"3658_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1038\/mt.2008.99","volume":"16","author":"JC Fernandes","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fernandes JC, Wang H, Jreyssaty C, Benderdour M, Lavigne P, Qiu X, Winnik FM, Zhang X, Dai K, Shi Q: Bone-protective effects of nonviral gene therapy with folate-chitosan DNA nanoparticle containing interleukin-1 receptor antagonist gene in rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis. Mol Ther. 2008, 16: 1243-1251. 10.1038\/mt.2008.99.","journal-title":"Mol Ther"},{"key":"3658_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.3109\/s10165-009-0189-6","volume":"19","author":"S Saito","year":"2009","unstructured":"Saito S, Kotake S: Is there evidence in support of the use of intra-articular hyaluronate in treating rheumatoid arthritis of the knee? A meta-analysis of the published literature. Mod Rheumatol. 2009, 19: 493-501. 10.1007\/s10165-009-0189-6.","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol"},{"key":"3658_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3880","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21488","volume":"52","author":"E af Klint","year":"2005","unstructured":"af Klint E, Grundtman C, Engstrom M, Catrina AI, Makrygiannakis D, Klareskog L, Andersson U, Ulfgren AK: Intraarticular glucocorticoid treatment reduces inflammation in synovial cell infiltrations more efficiently than in synovial blood vessels. Arthritis Rheum. 2005, 52: 3880-3889. 10.1002\/art.21488.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"3658_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R677","DOI":"10.1186\/ar1725","volume":"7","author":"A Roth","year":"2005","unstructured":"Roth A, Mollenhauer J, Wagner A, Fuhrmann R, Straub A, Venbrocks RA, Petrow P, Br\u00e4uer R, Schubert H, Ozegowski J, Peschel G, M\u00fcller PJ, Kinne RW: Intra-articular injections of high-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid have biphasic effects on joint inflammation and destruction in rat antigen-induced arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2005, 7: R677-686. 10.1186\/ar1725.","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"3658_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1787","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.091900","volume":"67","author":"F Conti","year":"2008","unstructured":"Conti F, Ceccarelli F, Priori R, Iagnocco A, Signore A, Valesini G: Intra-articular infliximab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis with monoarthritis resistant to local glucocorticoids. Clinical efficacy extended to patients on systemic anti-tumour necrosis factor alpha. Ann Rheum Dis. 2008, 67: 1787-1790. 10.1136\/ard.2008.091900.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"3658_CR34","first-page":"1888","volume":"31","author":"D Beenhouwer","year":"2004","unstructured":"Beenhouwer D, Wallis R, Broder M, Furst DE: Mechanisms of action of tumor necrosis factor antagonist and granulomatous infections. J Rheumatol. 2004, 31: 1888-1892.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"3658_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20764","volume":"52","author":"AI Catrina","year":"2005","unstructured":"Catrina AI, Trollmo C, af Klint E, Engstrom M, Lampa J, Hermansson Y, Klareskog L, Ulfgren AK: Evidence that anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy with both etanercept and infliximab induces apoptosis in macrophages, but not lymphocytes, in rheumatoid arthritis joints: extended report. Arthritis Rheum. 2005, 52: 61-72. 10.1002\/art.20764.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"3658_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16934","DOI":"10.1021\/bi980995m","volume":"37","author":"A Keppler-Hafkemeyer","year":"1998","unstructured":"Keppler-Hafkemeyer A, Brinkmann U, Pastan I: Role of caspases in immunotoxin-induced apoptosis of cancer cells. Biochemistry. 1998, 37: 16934-16942. 10.1021\/bi980995m.","journal-title":"Biochemistry"},{"key":"3658_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2008.105775","volume":"69","author":"DM Urech","year":"2010","unstructured":"Urech DM, Feige U, Ewert S, Schlosser V, Ottiger M, Polzer K, Schett G, Lichtlen P: Anti-inflammatory and cartilage-protecting effects of an intra-articularly injected anti-TNF{alpha} single-chain Fv antibody (ESBA105) designed for local therapeutic use. Ann Rheum Dis. 2010, 69: 443-449. 10.1136\/ard.2008.105775.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"3658_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2009.06.009","volume":"73","author":"N Butoescu","year":"2009","unstructured":"Butoescu N, Jordan O, Doelker E: Intra-articular drug delivery systems for the treatment of rheumatic diseases: a review of the factors influencing their performance. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2009, 73: 205-218. 10.1016\/j.ejpb.2009.06.009.","journal-title":"Eur J Pharm Biopharm"},{"key":"3658_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-04-1939","volume":"11","author":"S Bang","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bang S, Nagata S, Onda M, Kreitman RJ, Pastan I: HA22 (R490A) is a recombinant immunotoxin with increased antitumor activity without an increase in animal toxicity. Clin Cancer Res. 2005, 11: 1545-1550. 10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-04-1939.","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"3658_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1517\/17425240802647259","volume":"6","author":"HM Burt","year":"2009","unstructured":"Burt HM, Tsallas A, Gilchrist S, Liang LS: Intra-articular drug delivery systems: Overcoming the shortcomings of joint disease therapy. Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2009, 6: 17-26. 10.1517\/17425240802647259.","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Deliv"},{"key":"3658_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2165\/00063030-200923010-00001","volume":"23","author":"RJ Kreitman","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kreitman RJ: Recombinant immunotoxins containing truncated bacterial toxins for the treatment of hematologic malignancies. BioDrugs. 2009, 23: 1-13. 10.2165\/00063030-200923010-00001.","journal-title":"BioDrugs"}],"container-title":["Arthritis Research &amp; Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/ar3831.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/ar3831\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/ar3831.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,8]],"date-time":"2024-10-08T10:34:46Z","timestamp":1728383686000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/arthritis-research.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/ar3831"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,2]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]}},"alternative-id":["3658"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/ar3831","relation":{},"ISSN":["1478-6354"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1478-6354","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 October 2011","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 April 2012","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 May 2012","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 May 2012","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"R106"}}