{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T03:41:02Z","timestamp":1789184462686,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,24]],"date-time":"2013-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1372032000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,24]],"date-time":"2013-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1372032000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arthritis Res Ther"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation, vascular injury and excessive fibrosis. CD163 is a scavenger receptor which affects inflammatory response and may contribute to connective tissue remodelling. It has recently been demonstrated that CD163 can bind and neutralize the TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK), a multifunctional cytokine which regulates inflammation, angiogenesis and tissue remodelling. We aimed to investigate the relationships between serum levels of soluble CD163 (sCD163) and soluble TWEAK (sTWEAK) in relation to disease manifestations in SSc patients.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>This study included 89 patients with SSc who had not received immunosuppressive drugs or steroids for at least 6 months and 48 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC) from four European centres. Serum concentrations of sTWEAK and sCD163 were measured using commercially available ELISA kits.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>The mean serum concentrations of sTWEAK were comparable between SSc patients (mean +\/- SD: 270 +\/- 171 pg\/mL) and HC (294 +\/- 147pg\/mL, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &gt;0.05). Concentration of sCD163 and sCD163\/sTWEAK ratio were significantly greater in SSc patients (984 +\/- 420 ng\/mL and 4837 +\/- 3103, respectively) as compared to HC (823 +\/- 331 ng\/mL and 3115 +\/- 1346 respectively, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;0.05 for both). High sCD163 levels and a high sCD163\/sTWEAK ratio (defined as &gt; mean +2SD of HC) were both associated with a lower risk of digital ulcers in SSc patients (OR, 95%CI: 0.09; 0.01, 0.71, and 0.17; 0.06, 0.51, respectively). Accordingly, patients without digital ulcers had a significantly higher sCD163 concentration and sCD163\/sTWEAK ratio as compared to SSc patients with digital ulcers (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;0.01 for both) and HC (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;0.05 for both). A high sCD163\/sTWEAK ratio, but not high sCD163 levels, was associated with greater skin involvement.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>The results of our study indicate that CD163-TWEAK interactions might play a role in the pathogenesis of SSc and that CD163 may protect against the development of digital ulcers in SSc. Further studies are required to reveal whether targeting of the CD163-TWEAK pathway might be a potential strategy for treating vascular disease and\/or skin fibrosis in SSc.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/ar4246","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,24]],"date-time":"2013-06-24T14:15:31Z","timestamp":1372083331000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["High serum sCD163\/sTWEAK ratio is associated with lower risk of digital ulcers but more severe skin disease in patients with systemic sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Otylia","family":"Kowal-Bielecka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marek","family":"Bielecki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serena","family":"Guiducci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beata","family":"Trzcinska-Butkiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Michalska-Jakubus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Matucci-Cerinic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marek","family":"Brzosko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorota","family":"Krasowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lech","family":"Chyczewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krzysztof","family":"Kowal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"3995_CR1","first-page":"iii3","volume":"48","author":"DJ Abraham","year":"2009","unstructured":"Abraham DJ, Krieg T, Distler J, Distler O: Overview of pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2009, 48 (Suppl 3): iii3-7.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"3995_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0b013e32832fd69e","volume":"21","author":"R Lafyatis","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lafyatis R, York M: Innate immunity and inflammation in systemic sclerosis. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2009, 21: 617-622. 10.1097\/BOR.0b013e32832fd69e.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Rheumatol"},{"key":"3995_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2320","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.1830230940","volume":"23","author":"SKA Law","year":"1993","unstructured":"Law SKA, Micklem KJ, Shaw JM, Zhang XP, Dong Y, Willis AC, Mason DY: A new macrophage differentiation antigen which is a member of the scavenger receptor superfamily. Eur J Immunol. 1993, 23: 2320-2325. 10.1002\/eji.1830230940.","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"3995_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1038\/35051594","volume":"409","author":"M Kristiansen","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kristiansen M, Graversen JH, Jacobsen C, Sonne O, Hoffman HJ, Law SK, Moestrup SK: Identification of the haemoglobin scavenger receptor. Nature. 2001, 409: 198-201. 10.1038\/35051594.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"3995_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.72.4.711","volume":"72","author":"KA Hintz","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hintz KA, Rassias AJ, Wardwell K, Moss ML, Morganelli PM, Pioli PA, Givan AL, Wallace PK, Yeager MP, Guyre PM: Endotoxin induces rapid metalloproteinase-mediated shedding followed by up-regulation of the monocyte hemoglobin scavenger receptor CD163. J Leukoc Biol. 2002, 72: 711-717.","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"3995_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0410235","volume":"88","author":"A Etzerodt","year":"2010","unstructured":"Etzerodt A, Maniecki MB, Moller K, Moller HJ, Moestrup SK: Tumor necrosis factor alpha-converting enzyme (TACE\/ADAM17) mediates ectodomain shedding of the scavenger receptor CD163. J Leukoc Biol. 2010, 88: 1201-1205. 10.1189\/jlb.0410235.","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"3995_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.2002.01963.x","volume":"130","author":"N Matsushita","year":"2002","unstructured":"Matsushita N, Kashiwagi M, Wait R, Nagayoshi R, Nakamura M, Matsuda T, Hogger P, Guyre PM, Nagase H, Matsuyama T: Elevated levels of soluble CD163 in sera and fluids from rheumatoid arthritis patients and inhibition of the shedding of CD163 by TIMP-3. Clin Exp Immunol. 2002, 130: 156-161. 10.1046\/j.1365-2249.2002.01963.x.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"3995_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.5603\/FHC.2011.0052","volume":"49","author":"K Kowal","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kowal K, Silver R, S\u0142awi\u0144ska E, Bielecki M, Chyczewski L, Kowal-Bielecka O: CD163 and its role in inflammation. Folia Histochem Cytobiol. 2011, 49: 365-374.","journal-title":"Folia Histochem Cytobiol"},{"key":"3995_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000109414.78907.F9","volume":"94","author":"P Philippidis","year":"2004","unstructured":"Philippidis P, Mason JC, Evans BJ, Nadra I, Taylor KM, Haskard DO, Landis RC: Hemoglobin scavenger receptor CD163 mediates interleukin-10 release and heme oxygenase-1 synthesis: anti-inflammatory monocyte-macrophage responses in vitro, in resolving skin blisters in vivo, and after cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. Circ Res. 2004, 94: 119-126. 10.1161\/01.RES.0000109414.78907.F9.","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"3995_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2001.5845","volume":"288","author":"P Hogger","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hogger P, Sorg C: Soluble CD163 inhibits phorbol ester-induced lymphocyte proliferation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2001, 288: 841-843. 10.1006\/bbrc.2001.5845.","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"3995_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(02)03142-3","volume":"526","author":"W Frings","year":"2002","unstructured":"Frings W, Dreier J, Sorg C: Only soluble form of the scavenger receptor CD163 acts inhibitory on phorbol ester-activated T-lymphocytes, whereas membrane-bound protein has no effect. FEBS Letters. 2002, 526: 93-96. 10.1016\/S0014-5793(02)03142-3.","journal-title":"FEBS Letters"},{"key":"3995_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1584","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2006.02573.x","volume":"36","author":"K Kowal","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kowal K, Moller HJ, DuBuske LM, Moestrup SK, Bodzenta-\u0141ukaszyk A: Differential expression of monocyte CD 163 in single - and dual-asthmatic responders during allergen-induced bronchoconstriction. Clin Exp Allergy. 2006, 36: 1584-1591. 10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2006.02573.x.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"key":"3995_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.1989.tb00864.x","volume":"24","author":"HH Topoll","year":"1989","unstructured":"Topoll HH, Zwadlo G, Lange DE, Sorg C: Phenotypic dynamics of macrophage subpopulations during experimental gingivitis. J Peridont Res. 1989, 24: 106-112. 10.1111\/j.1600-0765.1989.tb00864.x.","journal-title":"J Peridont Res"},{"key":"3995_CR14","first-page":"295","volume":"55","author":"G Zwadlo","year":"1987","unstructured":"Zwadlo G, Voegeli R, Osthoff K, Sorg C: A mAb to a novel differentiation antigen on human macrophages associated with the down-regulatory phase of the inflammatory process. Exp Cell Biol. 1987, 55: 295-304.","journal-title":"Exp Cell Biol"},{"key":"3995_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8183","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.178.12.8183","volume":"178","author":"LC Bover","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bover LC, Card\u00f3-Vila M, Kuniyasu A, Sun J, Rangel R, Takeya M, Aggarwal BB, Arap W, Pasqualini R: A previously unrecognized protein-protein interaction between TWEAK and CD163: potential biological implications. J Immunol. 2007, 178: 8183-8194.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"3995_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd2488","volume":"7","author":"JA Winkles","year":"2008","unstructured":"Winkles JA: The TWEAK-Fn14 cytokine-receptor axis: discovery, biology and therapeutic targeting. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2008, 7: 411-425. 10.1038\/nrd2488.","journal-title":"Nat Rev Drug Discov"},{"key":"3995_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0308165","volume":"84","author":"TS Zheng","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zheng TS, Burkly LC: No end in site: TWEAK\/Fn14 activation and autoimmunity associated- end-organ pathologies. J Leukoc Biol. 2008, 84: 338-347. 10.1189\/jlb.0308165.","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"3995_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.68.396","volume":"68","author":"SH Kim","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kim SH, Kang YJ, Kim WJ, Woo DK, Lee Y, Kim DI, Park YB, Kwon BS, Park JE, Lee WH: TWEAK can induce pro-inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in macrophages. Circ J. 2004, 68: 396-399. 10.1253\/circj.68.396.","journal-title":"Circ J"},{"key":"3995_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1186\/ar388","volume":"4","author":"Y Chicheportiche","year":"2002","unstructured":"Chicheportiche Y, Chicheportiche R, Sizing I, Thompson J, Benjamin CB, Ambrose C, Dayer JM: Proinflammatory activity of TWEAK on human dermal fibroblasts and synoviocytes: blocking and enhancing effects of anti-TWEAK monoclonal antibodies. Arthritis Res. 2002, 4: 126-133. 10.1186\/ar388.","journal-title":"Arthritis Res"},{"key":"3995_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2009.03.014","volume":"89","author":"N Ebihara","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ebihara N, Nakayama M, Tokura T, Ushio H, Murakami A: Expression and function of fibroblast growth factor-inducible14 in human corneal myofibroblasts. Exp Eye Res. 2009, 89: 256-262. 10.1016\/j.exer.2009.03.014.","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"3995_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2006.03233.x","volume":"146","author":"Y Hosokawa","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hosokawa Y, Hosokawa I, Ozaki K, Nakae H, Matsuo T: Proinflammatory effects of tumour necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) on human gingival fibroblasts. Clin Exp Immuno. 2006, 146: 540-549. 10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2006.03233.x.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immuno"},{"key":"3995_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2009.04.033","volume":"207","author":"JA Moreno","year":"2009","unstructured":"Moreno JA, Mu\u00f1oz-Garc\u00eda B, Mart\u00edn-Ventura JL, Madrigal-Matute J, Orbe J, P\u00e1ramo JA, Ortega L, Egido J, Blanco-Colio LM: The CD163-expressing macrophages recognize and internalize TWEAK: potential consequences in atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis. 2009, 207: 103-110. 10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2009.04.033.","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"3995_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-010-1691-z","volume":"32","author":"W Nakayama","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nakayama W, Jinnin M, Makino K, Kajihara I, Makino T, Fukushima S, Inoue Y, Ihn H: Serum levels of soluble CD163 in patients with systemic sclerosis. Rheumatol Int. 2012, 32: 403-407. 10.1007\/s00296-010-1691-z.","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"key":"3995_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1007\/s10067-012-1972-x","volume":"31","author":"K Shimizu","year":"2012","unstructured":"Shimizu K, Ogawa F, Yoshizaki A, Akiyama Y, Kuwatsuka Y, Okazaki S, Tomita H, Takenaka M, Sato S: Increased serum levels of soluble CD163 in patients with scleroderma. Clin Rheumatol. 2012, 31: 1059-1064. 10.1007\/s10067-012-1972-x.","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"3995_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1657","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.081310","volume":"36","author":"K Yanaba","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yanaba K, Yoshizaki A, Muroi E, Hara T, Ogawa F, Usui A, Hasegawa M, Fujimoto M, Takehara K, Sato S: Elevated circulating TWEAK levels in systemic sclerosis: association with lower frequency of pulmonary fibrosis. J Rheumatol. 2009, 36: 1657-1662. 10.3899\/jrheum.081310.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"3995_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780230510","volume":"23","author":"Subcommittee for scleroderma criteria of the American Rheumatism Association Diagnostic and Therapeutic Criteria Committee","year":"1980","unstructured":"Subcommittee for scleroderma criteria of the American Rheumatism Association Diagnostic and Therapeutic Criteria Committee: Preliminary criteria for the classification of systemic sclerosis (scleroderma). Arthritis Rheum. 1980, 23: 581-590. 10.1002\/art.1780230510.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"3995_CR27","first-page":"1573","volume":"28","author":"EC LeRoy","year":"2001","unstructured":"LeRoy EC, Medsger TA: Criteria for the classification of early systemic sclerosis. J Rheumatol. 2001, 28: 1573-1576.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"3995_CR28","first-page":"202","volume":"15","author":"EC LeRoy","year":"1988","unstructured":"LeRoy EC, Black C, Fleischmajer R, Jablonska S, Krieg T, Medsger TA, Rowell N, Wollheim F: Scleroderma (systemic sclerosis): classification, subsets and pathogenesis. J Rheumatol. 1988, 15: 202-205.","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"3995_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-857X(03)00023-1","volume":"29","author":"TA Medsger Jr","year":"2003","unstructured":"Medsger TA: Natural history of systemic sclerosis and the assessment of disease activity, severity, functional status, and psychologic well-being. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2003, 29: 255-273. 10.1016\/S0889-857X(03)00023-1.","journal-title":"Rheum Dis Clin North Am"},{"key":"3995_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1810","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23501","volume":"58","author":"AE Postlethwaite","year":"2008","unstructured":"Postlethwaite AE, Wong WK, Clements P, Chatterjee S, Fessler BJ, Kang AH, Korn J, Mayes M, Merkel PA, Molitor JA, Moreland L, Rothfield N, Simms RW, Smith EA, Spiera R, Steen V, Warrington K, White B, Wigley F, Furst DE: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of oral type I collagen treatment in patients with diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis: I. oral type I collagen does not improve skin in all patients, but may improve skin in late-phase disease. Arthritis Rheum. 2008, 58: 1810-1822. 10.1002\/art.23501.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"3995_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1405","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.21716","volume":"64","author":"C Muangchan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Muangchan C, Harding S, Khimdas S, Bonner A, Canadian Scleroderma Research group, Baron M, Pope J: Association of C-reactive protein with high disease activity in systemic sclerosis: Results from the Canadian Scleroderma Research Group. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2012, 64: 1405-1414. 10.1002\/acr.21716.","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"key":"3995_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2445","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200011)43:11<2445::AID-ANR11>3.0.CO;2-Q","volume":"43","author":"PJ Clements","year":"2000","unstructured":"Clements PJ, Hurwitz EL, Wong WK, Seibold JR, Mayes M, White B, Wigley F, Weisman M, Barr W, Moreland L, Medsger TA, Steen VD, Martin RW, Collier D, Weinstein A, Lally E, Varga J, Weiner SR, Andrews B, Abeles M, Furst DE: Skin thickness score as a predictor and correlate of outcome in systemic sclerosis: high-dose versus low-dose penicillamine trial. Arthritis Rheum. 2000, 43: 2445-2454. 10.1002\/1529-0131(200011)43:11<2445::AID-ANR11>3.0.CO;2-Q.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"3995_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keh067","volume":"43","author":"D Mukerjee","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mukerjee D, St George D, Knight C, Davar J, Wells AU, Du Bois RM, Black CM, Coghlan JG: Echocardiography and pulmonary function as screening tests for pulmonary arterial hypertension in systemic sclerosis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2004, 43: 461-466. 10.1093\/rheumatology\/keh067.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"3995_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1374","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keq097","volume":"49","author":"L Amanzi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Amanzi L, Braschi F, Fiori G, Galluccio F, Miniati I, Guiducci S, Conforti ML, Kaloudi O, Nacci F, Sacu O, Candelieri A, Pignone A, Rasero L, Conforti D, Matucci-Cerinic M: Digital ulcers in scleroderma: staging, characteristics and sub-setting through observation of 1614 digital lesions. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2010, 49: 1374-1382. 10.1093\/rheumatology\/keq097.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"3995_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1178","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2010.142489","volume":"70","author":"C Beyer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Beyer C, Distler JH, Allanore Y, Aringer M, Avouac J, Czirj\u00e1k L, Cutolo M, Damjanov N, Del Galdo F, Fligelstone K, Guiducci S, Kowal-Bielecka O, van Laar JM, Martucci-Cerinic M, M\u00fcller-Ladner U, Riemekasten G, Tarner IH, Tyndall A, Kennedy AT, Valentini G, Vettori S, Walker UA, Denton C, Distler O, EUSTAR Biobanking Group: EUSTAR biobanking: recommendations for the collection, storage and distribution of biospecimens in scleroderma research. Ann Rheum Dis. 2011, 70: 1178-1182. 10.1136\/ard.2010.142489.","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"3995_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.67.1.97","volume":"67","author":"C Buechler","year":"2000","unstructured":"Buechler C, Ritter M, Orso E, Langmann T, Klucken J, Schmitz G: Regulation of scavenger receptor CD163 expression in human monocytes and macrophages by pro- and anti-inflammatory stimuli. J Leukoc Biol. 2000, 67: 97-103.","journal-title":"J Leukoc Biol"},{"key":"3995_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1999.0294","volume":"256","author":"A Droste","year":"1999","unstructured":"Droste A, Sorg C, H\u00f6gger P: Shedding of CD163, a novel regulatory mechanism for a member of the scavenger receptor cysteine-rich family. Biochem Biophys Res Communic. 1999, 256: 110-10.1006\/bbrc.1999.0294.","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Communic"},{"key":"3995_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R128","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3066","volume":"12","author":"N Higashi-Kuwata","year":"2010","unstructured":"Higashi-Kuwata N, Jinnin M, Makino T, Fukushima S, Inoue Y, Muchemwa FC, Yonemura Y, Komohara Y, Takeya M, Mitsuya H, Ihn H: Characterization of monocyte\/macrophage subsets in the skin and peripheral blood derived from patients with systemic sclerosis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2010, 12: R128-10.1186\/ar3066.","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"3995_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1160\/TH12-04-0248","volume":"108","author":"JL Martin-Ventura","year":"2012","unstructured":"Martin-Ventura JL, Madrigal-Matute J, Martinez-Pinna R, Ramos-Mozo P, Blanco-Colio LM, Moreno JA, Tarin C, Burillo E, Fernandez-Garcia CE, Egido J, Meilhac O, Michel JB: Erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets as a source of oxidative stress in chronic vascular diseases: Detoxifying mechanisms and potential therapeutic options. Thromb Haemost. 2012, 108: 435-442. 10.1160\/TH12-04-0248.","journal-title":"Thromb Haemost"},{"key":"3995_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.2174\/1874312901206010087","volume":"6","author":"A Gabrielli","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gabrielli A, Svegliati S, Moroncini G, Amico D: New insights into the role of oxidative stress in scleroderma fibrosis. Open Rheumatol J. 2012, 6: 87-95. 10.2174\/1874312901206010087.","journal-title":"Open Rheumatol J"},{"key":"3995_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.3233\/CH-2011-1492","volume":"49","author":"A Mayer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Mayer A, Hiebl B, Lendlein A, Jung F: Support of HUVEC proliferation by pro-angiogenic intermediate CD163+ monocytes\/macrophages: a co-culture experiment. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc. 2011, 49: 423-430.","journal-title":"Clin Hemorheol Microcirc"},{"key":"3995_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.2478\/v10042-010-0028-9","volume":"47","author":"M Bielecki","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bielecki M, Kowal K, Lapinska A, Chwiecko J, Skowronski J, Sierakowski S, Chyczewski L, Kowal-Bielecka O: Diminished production of TWEAK by the peripheral blood mononuclear cells is associated with vascular involvement in patients with systemic sclerosis. Folia Histochem Cytobiol. 2009, 47: 465-469.","journal-title":"Folia Histochem Cytobiol"},{"key":"3995_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcpa.2011.01.012","volume":"145","author":"V Juniantito","year":"2011","unstructured":"Juniantito V, Izawa T, Yamamoto E, Murai F, Kuwamura M, Yamate J: Heterogeneity of macrophage populations and expression of galectin-3 in cutaneous wound healing in rats. J Comp Pathol. 2011, 145: 378-389. 10.1016\/j.jcpa.2011.01.012.","journal-title":"J Comp Pathol"}],"container-title":["Arthritis Research &amp; Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/ar4246.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/ar4246\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/ar4246.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,8]],"date-time":"2024-10-08T10:53:01Z","timestamp":1728384781000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/arthritis-research.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/ar4246"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,24]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]}},"alternative-id":["3995"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/ar4246","relation":{},"ISSN":["1478-6354"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1478-6354","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"25 October 2012","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 February 2013","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 June 2013","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 June 2013","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"R69"}}