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In this study, we investigated its role in the pathogenesis of Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease (BD).<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>IL-27 mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was examined by performing RT-PCRs. Cytokine levels in sera or supernatants of PBMCs, na\u00efve CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells, dendritic cells (DCs) and DC\/T cells were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We used RNA interference in na\u00efve CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells to study the role of interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) in the inhibitory effect of IL-27 on Th17 cell differentiation. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate the frequency of IL-17- and interferon \u03b3\u2013producing T cells.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>The expression of IL-27p28 mRNA by PBMCs and IL-27 in the sera and supernatants of cultured PBMCs were markedly decreased in patients with active BD. A higher frequency of IL-17-producing CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T (Th17) cells and increased IL-17 production under Th17 polarizing conditions were observed in patients with active BD. IL-27 significantly inhibited Th17 cell differentiation. Downregulation of IRF8 by RNA interference abrogated the suppressive effect of IL-27 on Th17 differentiation. IL-27 inhibited the production of IL-1\u03b2, IL-6 and IL-23, but promoted IL-10 production, by DCs. IL-27-treated DCs inhibited both the Th1 and Th17 cell responses.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>The results of the present study suggest that a decreased IL-27 expression is associated with disease activity in BD patients. Low IL-27 expression may result in a higher Th1 and Th17 cell response and thereby promote the autoinflammatory reaction observed in BD. Manipulation of IL-27 may offer a new treatment modality for this disease.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/ar4570","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,28]],"date-time":"2014-05-28T09:03:37Z","timestamp":1401267817000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Decreased interleukin 27 expression is associated with active uveitis in Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Chaokui","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zi","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aize","family":"Kijlstra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peizeng","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"4212_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1080\/08820530500231953","volume":"20","author":"AA Bonfioli","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bonfioli AA, Orefice F: Beh\u00e7et\u2019s disease. 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