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The study group consisted of 252 asymptomatic women who had normal mammography, but went on to develop breast cancer. The control group were 252 age-matched healthy controls whose mammograms were also normal and who remained free of cancer during the study period. Breast volume was calculated from the cranio-caudal mammograms for each group, and the relationships between asymmetry, established risk factors and the presence or absence of breast cancer were explored.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>The group who went on to develop breast cancer had higher breast asymmetry than controls (absolute asymmetry odds ratio 1.50 per 100 ml, confidence interval (CI) 1.10, 2.04; relative asymmetry 1.09, CI 1.01, 1.18), increased incidence of family history of breast cancer, lower age at menarche, later menopause, later first pregnancies and a higher frequency of high risk breast parenchyma types. Conditional logistic regression analysis showed that breast asymmetry, height, family history of breast cancer, age at menarche, parenchyma type and menopausal status were significant independent predictors of breast cancer. When age at menopause was included in the model for the subgroup of post-menopausal women, absolute breast fluctuating asymmetry (FA) and relative breast FA remained significant effects.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>Breast asymmetry was greater in healthy women who later developed breast cancer than in women who did not.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/bcr1388","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,6]],"date-time":"2006-04-06T13:29:24Z","timestamp":1144330164000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":103,"title":["Breast asymmetry and predisposition to breast cancer"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Diane","family":"Scutt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gillian A","family":"Lancaster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John T","family":"Manning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"1362_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/0162-3095(96)00001-5","volume":"7","author":"J Manning","year":"1996","unstructured":"Manning J, Scutt D, Whitehouse G, Leinster S, Walton J: Asymmetry and the menstrual cycle. 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