{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T15:26:52Z","timestamp":1789918012569,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,30]],"date-time":"2007-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1180483200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,30]],"date-time":"2007-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1180483200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Breast Cancer Res"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ki-67 expression is a possible risk biomarker and is currently being used as a response biomarker in chemoprevention trials. Mammographic breast density is a risk biomarker and is also being used as a response biomarker. We previously showed that Ki-67 expression is higher in specimens of benign breast cells exhibiting cytologic atypia that are obtained by random periareolar fine needle aspiration (RPFNA). It is not known whether there is a correlation between mammographic density and Ki-67 expression in benign breast ductal cells obtained by RPFNA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Included in the study were 344 women at high risk for developing breast cancer (based on personal or family history), seen at The University of Kansas Medical Center high-risk breast clinic, who underwent RPFNA with cytomorphology and Ki-67 assessment plus a mammogram. Mammographic breast density was assessed using the Cumulus program. Categorical variables were analyzed by \u03c7\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      test, and continuous variables were analyzed by nonparametric test and linear regression.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Forty-seven per cent of women were premenopausal and 53% were postmenopausal. The median age was 48 years, median 5-year Gail Risk was 2.2%, and median Ki-67 was 1.9%. The median mammographic breast density was 37%. Ki-67 expression increased with cytologic abnormality (atypia versus no atypia;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2264 0.001) and younger age (\u226450 years versus &gt;50 years;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2264 0.001). Mammographic density was higher in premenopausal women (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2264 0.001), those with lower body mass index (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001), and those with lower 5-year Gail risk (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001). Mammographic density exhibited no correlation with Ki-67 expression or cytomorphology.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Given the lack of correlation of mammographic breast density with either cytomorphology or Ki-67 expression in RPFNA specimens, mammographic density and Ki-67 expression should be considered as potentially complementary response biomarkers in breast cancer chemoprevention trials.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/bcr1683","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,30]],"date-time":"2007-05-30T14:19:28Z","timestamp":1180534768000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Mammographic density does not correlate with Ki-67 expression or cytomorphology in benign breast cells obtained by random periareolar fine needle aspiration from women at high risk for breast cancer"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Qamar J","family":"Khan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce F","family":"Kimler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne P","family":"O'Dea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carola M","family":"Zalles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priyanka","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carol J","family":"Fabian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"1648_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/92.15.1217","volume":"92","author":"CJ Fabian","year":"2000","unstructured":"Fabian CJ, Kimler BF, Zalles CM, Klemp JR, Kamel S, Zeiger S, Mayo MS: Short-term breast cancer prediction by random periareolar fine-needle aspiration cytology and the Gail risk model. 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