{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T04:51:14Z","timestamp":1791089474336,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,17]],"date-time":"2008-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1226880000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,17]],"date-time":"2008-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1226880000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Breast Cancer Res"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      IL-17 plays an important role in autoimmunity, promoting autoimmunity, inflammation and invasion in multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and type I diabetes. The role of IL-17 in cancer is unclear, however, as there are few studies examining IL-17 protein expression in cancer. We therefore examined IL-17 protein expression in human breast cancer and modelled its potential biological significance\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Immunohistochemistry was used to determine IL-17 expression in breast cancers. Matrigel invasion assays were employed to examine the effect of IL-17 on cancer cell invasion by a panel of breast cancer cell lines. The role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) was investigated with selective antagonists and immunoassays for MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9 and tissue inhibitor of MMP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      IL-17-expressing cells with macrophage morphology were identified in the peritumoural area of a proportion of patients (8\/19 patients). Macrophages were confirmed by CD68 staining on serial sections. With the exception of occasional lymphocytes, one patient with rare multinucleate giant cells and one patient with occasional expression of IL-17 in tumour cells, no other IL-17-positive cells were detected. Addition of IL-17 to cell lines\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      stimulated marked invasion of Matrigel. In contrast, IL-17 did not promote the invasion of MCF7 or T47D cell lines. Invasion was initially thought to be dependent on MMPs, as evidenced by the broad-spectrum MMP inhibitor GM6001 and selective antagonists of MMP-2\/MMP-9 and MMP-3. Measurement of MMP-2, MMP-3 and MMP-9, and tissue inhibitor of MMP 1 secretion, failed to reveal any changes in expression following IL-17 exposure. In contrast, TNF promoted secretion of MMPs but IL-17 did not augment TNF, indicating that IL-17 acts via an independent mechanism.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The present study is the first to describe\n                      <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic>\n                      expression of IL-17 protein in human breast tumours and to propose a direct association between IL-17 and breast cancer invasion. The precise effectors of IL-17-dependent invasion remain to be characterised but could include a range of proteases such as a disintegrin and metalloproteinase protein or astacins. Nevertheless, this work identifies a novel potential mechanism for breast cancer invasion and tumour progression, the prognostic implication of which is currently under investigation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/bcr2195","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,18]],"date-time":"2008-11-18T02:48:25Z","timestamp":1226976505000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":205,"title":["IL-17 expression by breast-cancer-associated macrophages: IL-17 promotes invasiveness of breast cancer cell lines"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"XingWu","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lori A","family":"Mulcahy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rabab AA","family":"Mohammed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew HS","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hester A","family":"Franks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Kilpatrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Acelya","family":"Yilmazer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E Claire","family":"Paish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian O","family":"Ellis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Poulam M","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew M","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2159_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.52.1.65","volume":"52","author":"S Fujino","year":"2003","unstructured":"Fujino S, Andoh A, Bamba S, Ogawa A, Hata K, Araki Y, Bamba T, Fujiyama Y: Increased expression of interleukin 17 in inflammatory bowel disease. Gut. 2003, 52: 65-70. 10.1136\/gut.52.1.65.","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"2159_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.070690","volume":"172","author":"JS Tzartos","year":"2008","unstructured":"Tzartos JS, Friese MA, Craner MJ, Palace J, Newcombe J, Esiri MM, Fugger L: Interleukin-17 production in central nervous system-infiltrating T cells and glial cells is associated with active disease in multiple sclerosis. Am J Pathol. 2008, 172: 146-155. 10.2353\/ajpath.2008.070690.","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"2159_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1006\/cyto.2000.0681","volume":"12","author":"M Chabaud","year":"2000","unstructured":"Chabaud M, Garnero P, Dayer JM, Guerne PA, Fossiez F, Miossec P: Contribution of interleukin 17 to synovium matrix destruction in rheumatoid arthritis. Cytokine. 2000, 12: 1092-1099. 10.1006\/cyto.2000.0681.","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"2159_CR4","first-page":"3698","volume":"59","author":"E Tartour","year":"1999","unstructured":"Tartour E, Fossiez F, Joyeux I, Galinha A, Gey A, Claret E, Sastre-Garau X, Couturier J, Mosseri V, Vives V, Banchereau J, Fridman WH, Wijdenes J, Lebecque S, Saut\u00e8s-Fridman C: Interleukin 17, a T-cell-derived cytokine, promotes tumorigenicity of human cervical tumors in nude mice. Cancer Res. 1999, 59: 3698-3704.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2159_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2620","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2002-05-1461","volume":"101","author":"M Numasaki","year":"2003","unstructured":"Numasaki M, Fukushi J, Ono M, Narula SK, Zavodny PJ, Kudo T, Robbins PD, Tahara H, Lotze MT: Interleukin-17 promotes angiogenesis and tumor growth. Blood. 2003, 101: 2620-2627. 10.1182\/blood-2002-05-1461.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2159_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2001.4618","volume":"282","author":"T Kato","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kato T, Furumoto H, Ogura T, Onishi Y, Irahara M, Yamano S, Kamada M, Aono T: Expression of IL-17 mRNA in ovarian cancer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2001, 282: 735-738. 10.1006\/bbrc.2001.4618.","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"2159_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1159\/000055357","volume":"61","author":"N Hirahara","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hirahara N, Nio Y, Sasaki S, Minari Y, Takamura M, Iguchi C, Dong M, Yamasawa K, Tamura K: Inoculation of human interleukin-17 gene-transfected Meth-A fibrosarcoma cells induces T cell-dependent tumor-specific immunity in mice. Oncology. 2001, 61: 79-89. 10.1159\/000055357.","journal-title":"Oncology"},{"key":"2159_CR8","first-page":"3137","volume":"20","author":"N Hirahara","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hirahara N, Nio Y, Sasaki S, Takamura M, Iguchi C, Dong M, Yamasawa K, Itakura M, Tamura K: Reduced invasiveness and metastasis of Chinese hamster ovary cells transfected with human interleukin-17 gene. Anticancer Res. 2000, 20: 3137-3142.","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"2159_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2114","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V99.6.2114","volume":"99","author":"F Benchetrit","year":"2002","unstructured":"Benchetrit F, Ciree A, Vives V, Warnier G, Gey A, Saut\u00e8s-Fridman C, Fossiez F, Haicheur N, Fridman WH, Tartour E: Interleukin-17 inhibits tumor cell growth by means of a T-cell-dependent mechanism. Blood. 2002, 99: 2114-2121. 10.1182\/blood.V99.6.2114.","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2159_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2006.00366.x","volume":"55","author":"S Pongcharoen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Pongcharoen S, Niumsup P, Sanguansermsri D, Supalap K, Butkhamchot P: The effect of interleukin-17 on the proliferation and invasion of JEG-3 human choriocarcinoma cells. Am J Reprod Immunol. 2006, 55: 291-300. 10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2006.00366.x.","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"2159_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"966","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/dji172","volume":"97","author":"KW Hance","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hance KW, Anderson WF, Devesa SS, Young HA, Levine PH: Trends in inflammatory breast carcinoma incidence and survival: the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results program at the National Cancer Institute. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2005, 97: 966-975.","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"2159_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4067","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2004.04.068","volume":"22","author":"JA Low","year":"2004","unstructured":"Low JA, Berman AW, Steinberg SM, Danforth DN, Lippman ME, Swain SM: Long-term follow-up for locally advanced and inflammatory breast cancer patients treated with multimodality therapy. J Clin Oncol. 2004, 22: 4067-4074. 10.1200\/JCO.2004.04.068.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2159_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/S1040-8428(03)00168-9","volume":"49","author":"A Morabito","year":"2004","unstructured":"Morabito A, Sarmiento R, Bonginelli P, Gasparini G: Antiangiogenic strategies, compounds, and early clinical results in breast cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2004, 49: 91-107. 10.1016\/S1040-8428(03)00168-9.","journal-title":"Crit Rev Oncol Hematol"},{"key":"2159_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5699(92)90008-U","volume":"13","author":"A Mantovani","year":"1992","unstructured":"Mantovani A, Bottazzi B, Colotta F, Sozzani S, Ruco L: The origin and function of tumor-associated macrophages. Immunol Today. 1992, 13: 265-270. 10.1016\/0167-5699(92)90008-U.","journal-title":"Immunol Today"},{"key":"2159_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1711720302","volume":"172","author":"C O'Sullivan","year":"1994","unstructured":"O'Sullivan C, Lewis CE: Tumour-associated leucocytes: friends or foes in breast carcinoma. J Pathol. 1994, 172: 229-235. 10.1002\/path.1711720302.","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"key":"2159_CR16","first-page":"4625","volume":"56","author":"RD Leek","year":"1996","unstructured":"Leek RD, Lewis CE, Whitehouse R, Greenall M, Clarke J, Harris AL: Association of macrophage infiltration with angiogenesis and prognosis in invasive breast carcinoma. Cancer Res. 1996, 56: 4625-4629.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2159_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0215(20000115)85:2%3C182::AID-IJC6%3E3.0.CO;2-M","volume":"85","author":"H Torisu","year":"2000","unstructured":"Torisu H, Ono M, Kiryu H, Furue M, Ohmoto Y, Nakayama J, Nishioka Y, Sone S, Kuwano M: Macrophage infiltration correlates with tumor stage and angiogenesis in human malignant melanoma: possible involvement of TNF\u03b1 and IL-1\u03b1. Int J Cancer. 2000, 85: 182-188.","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"2159_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04046-0","volume":"357","author":"F Balkwill","year":"2001","unstructured":"Balkwill F, Mantovani A: Inflammation and cancer: back to Virchow?. Lancet. 2001, 357: 539-545. 10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04046-0.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2159_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01322","volume":"420","author":"LM Coussens","year":"2002","unstructured":"Coussens LM, Werb Z: Inflammation and cancer. Nature. 2002, 420: 860-867. 10.1038\/nature01322.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2159_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)91348-P","volume":"342","author":"C O'Sullivan","year":"1993","unstructured":"O'Sullivan C, Lewis CE, Harris AL, McGee JO: Secretion of epidermal growth factor by macrophages associated with breast carcinoma. Lancet. 1993, 342: 148-149. 10.1016\/0140-6736(93)91348-P.","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2159_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1994.294","volume":"70","author":"L Pusztai","year":"1994","unstructured":"Pusztai L, Clover LM, Cooper K, Starkey PM, Lewis CE, McGee JO: Expression of tumour necrosis factor alpha and its receptors in carcinoma of the breast. Br J Cancer. 1994, 70: 289-292.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"2159_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djg040","volume":"95","author":"HK Weir","year":"2003","unstructured":"Weir HK, Thun MJ, Hankey BF, Ries LA, Howe HL, Wingo PA, Jemal A, Ward E, Anderson RN, Edwards BK: Annual report to the nation on the status of cancer, 1975\u20132000, featuring the uses of surveillance data for cancer prevention and control. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2003, 95: 1276-1299.","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"2159_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6603666","volume":"96","author":"FJ Vizoso","year":"2007","unstructured":"Vizoso FJ, Gonz\u00e1lez LO, Corte MD, Rodr\u00edguez JC, V\u00e1zquez J, Lamelas ML, Junquera S, Merino AM, Garc\u00eda-Mu\u00f1iz JL: Study of matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors in breast cancer. Br J Cancer. 2007, 96: 903-911. 10.1038\/sj.bjc.6603666.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"2159_CR24","first-page":"651","volume":"76","author":"C Gilles","year":"1997","unstructured":"Gilles C, Polette M, Seiki M, Birembaut P, Thompson EW: Implication of collagen type I-induced membrane-type 1-matrix metalloproteinase expression and matrix metalloproteinase-2 activation in the metastatic progression of breast carcinoma. Lab Invest. 1997, 76: 651-660.","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"2159_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1995.200","volume":"71","author":"A Ito","year":"1995","unstructured":"Ito A, Nakajima S, Sasaguri Y, Nagase H, Mori Y: Co-culture of human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells and human dermal fibroblasts enhances the production of matrix metalloproteinases 1, 2 and 3 in fibroblasts. Br J Cancer. 1995, 71: 1039-1045.","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"2159_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00157680","volume":"14","author":"CJ Swallow","year":"1996","unstructured":"Swallow CJ, Murray MP, Guillem JG: Metastatic colorectal cancer cells induce matrix metalloproteinase release by human monocytes. Clin Exp Metastasis. 1996, 14: 3-11. 10.1007\/BF00157680.","journal-title":"Clin Exp Metastasis"},{"key":"2159_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1002\/1521-4141(200202)32:2<404::AID-IMMU404>3.0.CO;2-X","volume":"32","author":"SC Robinson","year":"2002","unstructured":"Robinson SC, Scott KA, Balkwill FR: Chemokine stimulation of monocyte matrix metalloproteinase-9 requires endogenous TNF-\u03b1. Eur J Immunol. 2002, 32: 404-412. 10.1002\/1521-4141(200202)32:2<404::AID-IMMU404>3.0.CO;2-X.","journal-title":"Eur J Immunol"},{"key":"2159_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3513","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.160.7.3513","volume":"160","author":"DV Jovanovic","year":"1998","unstructured":"Jovanovic DV, Di Battista JA, Martel-Pelletier J, Jolicoeur FC, He Y, Zhang M, Mineau F, Pelletier JP: IL-17 stimulates the production and expression of proinflammatory cytokines, IL-\u03b2 and TNF-\u03b1, by human macrophages. J Immunol. 1998, 160: 3513-3521.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2159_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.1002\/1529-0131(200005)43:5<1134::AID-ANR24>3.0.CO;2-#","volume":"43","author":"DV Jovanovic","year":"2000","unstructured":"Jovanovic DV, Martel-Pelletier J, Di Battista JA, Mineau F, Jolicoeur FC, Benderdour M, Pelletier JP: Stimulation of 92-kd gelatinase (matrix metalloproteinase 9) production by interleukin-17 in human monocyte\/macrophages: a possible role in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2000, 43: 1134-1144. 10.1002\/1529-0131(200005)43:5<1134::AID-ANR24>3.0.CO;2-#.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2159_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910708600409","volume":"86","author":"A Beklen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Beklen A, Ainola M, Hukkanen M, G\u00fcrgan C, Sorsa T, Konttinen YT: MMPss, IL-1, and TNF are regulated by IL-17 in periodontitis. J Dent Res. 2007, 86: 347-351. 10.1177\/154405910708600409.","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"2159_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3239","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21342","volume":"52","author":"MI Koenders","year":"2005","unstructured":"Koenders MI, Kolls JK, Oppers-Walgreen B, Bersselaar van den L, Joosten LA, Schurr JR, Schwarzenberger P, Berg van den WB, Lubberts E: Interleukin-17 receptor deficiency results in impaired synovial expression of interleukin-1 and matrix metalloproteinases 3, 9, and 13 and prevents cartilage destruction during chronic reactivated streptococcal cell wall-induced arthritis. Arthritis Rheum. 2005, 52: 3239-3247. 10.1002\/art.21342.","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2159_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11238","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-06-1278","volume":"66","author":"EY Lin","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lin EY, Li JF, Gnatovskiy L, Deng Y, Zhu L, Grzesik DA, Qian H, Xue XN, Pollard JW: Macrophages regulate the angiogenic switch in a mouse model of breast cancer. Cancer Res. 2006, 66: 11238-11246. 10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-06-1278.","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"2159_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(02)00391-6","volume":"17","author":"S Nakae","year":"2002","unstructured":"Nakae S, Komiyama Y, Nambu A, Sudo K, Iwase M, Homma I, Sekikawa K, Asano M, Iwakura Y: Antigen-specific T cell sensitization is impaired in IL-17-deficient mice, causing suppression of allergic cellular and humoral responses. Immunity. 2002, 17: 375-387. 10.1016\/S1074-7613(02)00391-6.","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2159_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1261","volume":"6","author":"H Park","year":"2005","unstructured":"Park H, Li Z, Yang XO, Chang SH, Nurieva R, Wang YH, Wang Y, Hood L, Zhu Z, Tian Q, Dong C: A distinct lineage of CD4 T cells regulates tissue inflammation by producing interleukin 17. Nat Immunol. 2005, 6: 1133-1141. 10.1038\/ni1261.","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"2159_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kem352","volume":"47","author":"V Paunovic","year":"2008","unstructured":"Paunovic V, Carroll HP, Vandenbroeck K, Gadina M: Signalling, inflammation and arthritis: crossed signals: the role of interleukin (IL)-12, -17, -23 and -27 in autoimmunity. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2008, 47: 771-6. 10.1093\/rheumatology\/kem352.","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"2159_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1552","volume":"9","author":"HC Hsu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hsu HC, Yang P, Wang J, Wu Q, Myers R, Chen J, Yi J, Guentert T, Tousson A, Stanus AL, Le TV, Lorenz RG, Xu H, Kolls JK, Carter RH, Chaplin DD, Williams RW, Mountz JD: Interleukin 17-producing T helper cells and interleukin 17 orchestrate autoreactive germinal center development in autoimmune BXD2 mice. Nat Immunol. 2008, 9: 166-175. 10.1038\/ni1552.","journal-title":"Nat Immunol"},{"key":"2159_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2003.1557","volume":"111","author":"J Chakir","year":"2003","unstructured":"Chakir J, Shannon J, Molet S, Fukakusa M, Elias J, Laviolette M, Boulet LP, Hamid Q: Airway remodeling-associated mediators in moderate to severe asthma: effect of steroids on TGF-\u03b2, IL-11, IL-17, and type I and type III collagen expression. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2003, 111: 1293-1298. 10.1067\/mai.2003.1557.","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"2159_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/S1016-8478(23)13153-0","volume":"19","author":"SY Hwang","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hwang SY, Kim HY: Expression of IL-17 homologs and their receptors in the synovial cells of rheumatoid arthritis patients. Mol Cells. 2005, 19: 180-184.","journal-title":"Mol Cells"},{"key":"2159_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4137","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.167.8.4137","volume":"167","author":"T Starnes","year":"2001","unstructured":"Starnes T, Robertson MJ, Sledge G, Kelich S, Nakshatri H, Broxmeyer HE, Hromas R: Cutting edge: IL-17F, a novel cytokine selectively expressed in activated T cells and monocytes, regulates angiogenesis and endothelial cell cytokine production. J Immunol. 2001, 167: 4137-4140.","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2159_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1086\/521030","volume":"196","author":"XW Zhu","year":"2007","unstructured":"Zhu XW, Price NM, Gilman RH, Recarvarren S, Friedland JS: Multinucleate giant cells release functionally unopposed matrix metalloproteinase-9 in vitro and in vivo. J Infect Dis. 2007, 196: 1076-1079. 10.1086\/521030.","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"2159_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2006.01.009","volume":"120","author":"XW Zhu","year":"2006","unstructured":"Zhu XW, Friedland JS: Multinucleate giant cells and the control of chemokine secretion in response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Clin Immunol. 2006, 120: 10-20. 10.1016\/j.clim.2006.01.009.","journal-title":"Clin Immunol"},{"key":"2159_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910490109","volume":"49","author":"F Rilke","year":"1991","unstructured":"Rilke F, Colnaghi MI, Cascinelli N, Andreola S, Baldini MT, Bufalino R, Della Porta G, M\u00e9nard S, Pierotti MA, Testori A: Prognostic significance of HER-2\/neu expression in breast cancer and its relationship to other prognostic factors. Int J Cancer. 1991, 49: 44-49. 10.1002\/ijc.2910490109.","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"2159_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1994.12.5.888","volume":"12","author":"AJ Nixon","year":"1994","unstructured":"Nixon AJ, Neuberg D, Hayes DF, Gelman R, Connolly JL, Schnitt S, Abner A, Recht A, Vicini F, Harris JR: Relationship of patient age to pathologic features of the tumor and prognosis for patients with stage I or II breast cancer. J Clin Oncol. 1994, 12: 888-894.","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"2159_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgh146","volume":"25","author":"T Hagemann","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hagemann T, Robinson SC, Schulz M, Tr\u00fcmper L, Balkwill FR, Binder C: Enhanced invasiveness of breast cancer cell lines upon co-cultivation with macrophages is due to TNF-alpha dependent up-regulation of matrix metalloproteases. Carcinogenesis. 2004, 25: 1543-1549. 10.1093\/carcin\/bgh146.","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"2159_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1136\/mp.55.5.294","volume":"55","author":"G Ellison","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ellison G, Klinowska T, Westwood RF, Docter E, French T, Fox JC: Further evidence to support the melanocytic origin of MDA-MB-435. Mol Pathol. 2002, 55: 294-299. 10.1136\/mp.55.5.294.","journal-title":"Mol Pathol"},{"key":"2159_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1825","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e31806841f6","volume":"31","author":"RA Mohammed","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mohammed RA, Martin SG, Gill MS, Green AR, Paish EC, Ellis IO: Improved methods of detection of lymphovascular invasion demonstrate that it is the predominant method of vascular invasion in breast cancer and has important clinical consequences. Am J Surg Pathol. 2007, 31: 1825-1833. 10.1097\/PAS.0b013e31806841f6.","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"2159_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1042\/bj20031163","volume":"378","author":"M Kruse","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kruse M, Becker C, Lottaz D, Kohler D, Yiallouros I, Krell H-W, Sterchi E, Stocker W: Human merpin alpha and beta homo-oligomoers: cleavage of basement membrane proteins and sensitivity to metalloprotease inhibitors. Biochem J. 2004, 378: 383-389. 10.1042\/BJ20031163.","journal-title":"Biochem J"},{"key":"2159_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2593","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.183.6.2593","volume":"183","author":"F Fossiez","year":"1996","unstructured":"Fossiez F, Djossou O, Chomarat P, Flores-Romo L, Ait-Yahia S, Maat C, Pin JJ, Garrone P, Garcia E, Saeland S, Blanchard D, Gaillard C, Das Mahapatra B, Rouvier E, Golstein P, Banchereau J, Lebecque S: T cell interleukin-17 induces stromal cells to produce proinflammatory and hematopoietic cytokines. J Exp Med. 1996, 183: 2593-2603. 10.1084\/jem.183.6.2593.","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"2159_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1159\/000028045","volume":"67","author":"M Bar-Eli","year":"1999","unstructured":"Bar-Eli M: Role of interleukin-8 in tumour growth and metastasis of human melanoma. Pathobiology. 1999, 67: 12-18. 10.1159\/000028045.","journal-title":"Pathobiology"}],"container-title":["Breast Cancer Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/bcr2195.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/bcr2195\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/bcr2195.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,8]],"date-time":"2024-10-08T06:48:57Z","timestamp":1728370137000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/breast-cancer-research.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/bcr2195"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,17]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2159"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/bcr2195","relation":{},"ISSN":["1465-542X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1465-542X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 April 2008","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 October 2008","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 November 2008","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 November 2008","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"R95"}}