{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T19:16:41Z","timestamp":1791314201589,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,19]],"date-time":"2013-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1366329600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,19]],"date-time":"2013-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1366329600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Crit Care"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The overall outcome of septic shock has been recently improved. We sought to determine whether this survival gain extends to the high-risk subgroup of patients with cirrhosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cirrhotic patients with septic shock admitted to a medical intensive care unit (ICU) during two consecutive periods (1997-2004 and 2005-2010) were retrospectively studied.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Forty-seven and 42 cirrhotic patients presented with septic shock in 1997-2004 and 2005-2010, respectively. The recent period differed from the previous one by implementation of adjuvant treatments of septic shock including albumin infusion as fluid volume therapy, low-dose glucocorticoids, and intensive insulin therapy. ICU and hospital survival markedly improved over time (40% in 2005-2010\n                      <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>\n                      . 17% in 1997-2004,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.02 and 29% in 2005-2010\n                      <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>\n                      . 6% in 1997-2004,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.009, respectively). Furthermore, this survival gain in the latter period was sustained for 6 months (survival rate 24% in 2005-2010\n                      <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>\n                      . 6% in 1997-2004,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.06). After adjustment with age, the liver disease stage (Child-Pugh score), and the critical illness severity score (SOFA score), ICU admission between 2005 and 2010 remained an independent favorable prognostic factor (odds ratio (OR) 0.09, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.02-0.4,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.004). The stage of the underlying liver disease was also independently associated with hospital mortality (Child-Pugh score: OR 1.42 per point, 95% CI 1.06-1.9,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.018).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the light of advances in management of both cirrhosis and septic shock, survival of such patients substantially increased over recent years. The stage of the underlying liver disease and the related therapeutic options should be included in the decision-making process for ICU admission.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/cc12687","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,19]],"date-time":"2013-04-19T10:14:31Z","timestamp":1366366471000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Increased survival of cirrhotic patients with septic shock"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Bertrand","family":"Sauneuf","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benoit","family":"Champigneulle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexis","family":"Soummer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Mongardon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julien","family":"Charpentier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alain","family":"Cariou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Daniel","family":"Chiche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Mallet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean-Paul","family":"Mira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"P\u00e8ne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"1944_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.2201087","volume":"168","author":"D Annane","year":"2003","unstructured":"Annane D, Aegerter P, Jars-Guincestre MC, Guidet B: Current epidemiology of septic shock: the CUB-Rea Network.\n                           Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2003, 168: 165-172. 10.1164\/rccm.2201087","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"1944_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1546","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa022139","volume":"348","author":"GS Martin","year":"2003","unstructured":"Martin GS, Mannino DM, Eaton S, Moss M: The epidemiology of sepsis in the United States from 1979 through 2000.\n                           N Engl J Med 2003, 348: 1546-1554. 10.1056\/NEJMoa022139","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1944_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2002.30082","volume":"35","author":"J Fernandez","year":"2002","unstructured":"Fernandez J, Navasa M, Gomez J, Colmenero J, Vila J, Arroyo V, Rodes J: Bacterial infections in cirrhosis: epidemiological changes with invasive procedures and norfloxacin prophylaxis.\n                           Hepatology 2002, 35: 140-148. 10.1053\/jhep.2002.30082","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"1944_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.124.3.1016","volume":"124","author":"MG Foreman","year":"2003","unstructured":"Foreman MG, Mannino DM, Moss M: Cirrhosis as a risk factor for sepsis and death: analysis of the National Hospital Discharge Survey.\n                           Chest 2003, 124: 1016-1020. 10.1378\/chest.124.3.1016","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"1944_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199206000-00008","volume":"20","author":"R Moreau","year":"1992","unstructured":"Moreau R, Hadengue A, Soupison T, Kirstetter P, Mamzer MF, Vanjak D, Vauquelin P, Assous M, Sicot C: Septic shock in patients with cirrhosis: hemodynamic and metabolic characteristics and intensive care unit outcome.\n                           Crit Care Med 1992, 20: 746-750. 10.1097\/00003246-199206000-00008","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"1944_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2011.06.024","volume":"56","author":"E Levesque","year":"2011","unstructured":"Levesque E, Hoti E, Azoulay D, Ichai P, Habouchi H, Castaing D, Samuel D, Saliba F: Prospective evaluation of the prognostic scores for cirrhotic patients admitted to an intensive care unit.\n                           J Hepatol 2011, 56: 95-102.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"1944_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2305","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.25931","volume":"56","author":"YM Arabi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Arabi YM, Dara SI, Memish Z, Al-Abdulkareem A, Tamim HM, Al-Shirawi N, Parrillo JE, Dodek P, Lapinsky S, Feinstein D, Wood G, Dial S, Zanotti S, Kumar A, Cooperative Antimicrobial Therapy of Septic Shock (CATSS) Database Research Group: Antimicrobial therapeutic determinants of outcomes in cirrhotic patients with septic shock.\n                           Hepatology 2012, 56: 2305-2315. 10.1002\/hep.25931","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"1944_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-007-0934-2","volume":"34","author":"RP Dellinger","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dellinger RP, Levy MM, Carlet JM, Bion J, Parker MM, Jaeschke R, Reinhart K, Angus DC, Brun-Buisson C, Beale R Calandra T, Dhainaut JF, Gerlach H, Harvey M, Marini JJ, Marshall J, Ranieri M, Ramsay G, Sevransky J, Thompson BT, Townsend S, Vender JS, Zimmerman JL, Vincent JL: Surviving Sepsis Campaign: international guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock: 2008.\n                           Intensive Care Med 2008, 34: 17-60. 10.1007\/s00134-007-0934-2","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"1944_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31822d74ba","volume":"40","author":"B Zuber","year":"2012","unstructured":"Zuber B, Tran TC, Aegerter P, Grimaldi D, Charpentier J, Guidet B, Mira JP, P\u00e8ne F: Impact of case volume on survival of septic shock in patients with malignancies.\n                           Crit Care Med 2012, 40: 55-62. 10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31822d74ba","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"1944_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0B013E318165314B","volume":"36","author":"F P\u00e8ne","year":"2008","unstructured":"P\u00e8ne F, Percheron S, Lemiale V, Viallon V, Claessens YE, Marque S, Charpentier J, Angus DC, Cariou A, Chiche JD, Mira JP: Temporal changes in management and outcome of septic shock in patients with malignancies in the intensive care unit.\n                           Crit Care Med 2008, 36: 690-696. 10.1097\/CCM.0B013E318165314B","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"1944_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31822b50c2","volume":"40","author":"M Legrand","year":"2012","unstructured":"Legrand M, Max A, Peigne V, Mariotte E, Canet E, Debrumetz A, Lemiale V, Seguin A, Darmon M, Schlemmer B, Azoulay E: Survival in neutropenic patients with severe sepsis or septic shock*.\n                           Crit Care Med 2012, 40: 43-49. 10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31822b50c2","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"1944_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-003-1662-x","volume":"29","author":"MM Levy","year":"2003","unstructured":"Levy MM, Fink MP, Marshall JC, Abraham E, Angus D, Cook D, Cohen J, Opal SM, Vincent JL, Ramsay G: 2001 SCCM\/ESICM\/ACCP\/ATS\/SIS International Sepsis Definitions Conference.\n                           Intensive Care Med 2003, 29: 530-538. 10.1007\/s00134-003-1662-x","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"1944_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1301","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200005043421801","volume":"342","author":"The Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrom Network","year":"2000","unstructured":"The Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrom Network: Ventilation with lower tidal volumes as compared with traditional tidal volumes for acute lung injury and the acute respiratory distress syndrome.\n                           N Engl J Med 2000, 342: 1301-1308.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1944_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa011300","volume":"345","author":"G van den Berghe","year":"2001","unstructured":"van den Berghe G, Wouters P, Weekers F, Verwaest C, Bruyninckx F, Schetz M, Vlasselaers D, Ferdinande P, Lauwers P, Bouillon R: Intensive insulin therapy in the critically ill patients.\n                           N Engl J Med 2001, 345: 1359-1367. 10.1056\/NEJMoa011300","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1944_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.7.862","volume":"288","author":"D Annane","year":"2002","unstructured":"Annane D, Sebille V, Charpentier C, Bollaert PE, Francois B, Korach JM, Capellier G, Cohen Y, Azoulay E, Troche G, Chaumet-Riffaud P, Bellissant E: Effect of treatment with low doses of hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone on mortality in patients with septic shock.\n                           JAMA 2002, 288: 862-871. 10.1001\/jama.288.7.862","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"1944_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200103083441001","volume":"344","author":"GR Bernard","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bernard GR, Vincent JL, Laterre PF, LaRosa SP, Dhainaut JF, Lopez-Rodriguez A, Steingrub JS, Garber GE, Helterbrand JD, Ely EW, Fisher CJ Jr: Efficacy and safety of recombinant human activated protein C for severe sepsis.\n                           N Engl J Med 2001, 344: 699-709. 10.1056\/NEJM200103083441001","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1944_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(87)90171-8","volume":"40","author":"ME Charlson","year":"1987","unstructured":"Charlson ME, Pompei P, Ales KL, MacKenzie CR: A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation.\n                           J Chronic Dis 1987, 40: 373-383. 10.1016\/0021-9681(87)90171-8","journal-title":"J Chronic Dis"},{"key":"1944_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-198108000-00008","volume":"9","author":"WA Knaus","year":"1981","unstructured":"Knaus WA, Zimmerman JE, Wagner DP, Draper EA, Lawrence DE: APACHE-acute physiology and chronic health evaluation: a physiologically based classification system.\n                           Crit Care Med 1981, 9: 591-597. 10.1097\/00003246-198108000-00008","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"1944_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800600817","volume":"60","author":"RN Pugh","year":"1973","unstructured":"Pugh RN, Murray-Lyon IM, Dawson JL, Pietroni MC, Williams R: Transection of the oesophagus for bleeding oesophageal varices.\n                           Br J Surg 1973, 60: 646-649. 10.1002\/bjs.1800600817","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"1944_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2001.22172","volume":"33","author":"PS Kamath","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kamath PS, Wiesner RH, Malinchoc M, Kremers W, Therneau TM, Kosberg CL, D'Amico G, Dickson ER, Kim WR: A model to predict survival in patients with end-stage liver disease.\n                           Hepatology 2001, 33: 464-470. 10.1053\/jhep.2001.22172","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"1944_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2957","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1993.03510240069035","volume":"270","author":"JR Le Gall","year":"1993","unstructured":"Le Gall JR, Lemeshow S, Saulnier F: A new Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS II) based on a European\/North American multicenter study.\n                           JAMA 1993, 270: 2957-2963. 10.1001\/jama.1993.03510240069035","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"1944_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01709751","volume":"22","author":"JL Vincent","year":"1996","unstructured":"Vincent JL, Moreno R, Takala J, Willatts S, De Mendonca A, Bruining H, Reinhart CK, Suter PM, Thijs LG: The SOFA (Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment) score to describe organ dysfunction\/failure. On behalf of the Working Group on Sepsis-Related Problems of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine.\n                           Intensive Care Med 1996, 22: 707-710. 10.1007\/BF01709751","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"1944_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1007122","volume":"19","author":"JM Llovet","year":"1999","unstructured":"Llovet JM, Bru C, Bruix J: Prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: the BCLC staging classification.\n                           Semin Liver Dis 1999, 19: 329-338. 10.1055\/s-2007-1007122","journal-title":"Semin Liver Dis"},{"key":"1944_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-003-2121-4","volume":"30","author":"C Brun-Buisson","year":"2004","unstructured":"Brun-Buisson C, Meshaka P, Pinton P, Vallet B: EPISEPSIS: a reappraisal of the epidemiology and outcome of severe sepsis in French intensive care units.\n                           Intensive Care Med 2004, 30: 580-588.","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"1944_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000254340.91644.B2","volume":"35","author":"JM O'Brien Jr","year":"2007","unstructured":"O'Brien JM Jr, Lu B, Ali NA, Martin GS, Aberegg SK, Marsh CB, Lemeshow S, Douglas IS: Alcohol dependence is independently associated with sepsis, septic shock, and hospital mortality among adult intensive care unit patients.\n                           Crit Care Med 2007, 35: 345-350. 10.1097\/01.CCM.0000254340.91644.B2","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"1944_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8278(95)80424-2","volume":"22","author":"RS Lin","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lin RS, Lee FY, Lee SD, Tsai YT, Lin HC, Lu RH, Hsu WC, Huang CC, Wang SS, Lo KJ: Endotoxemia in patients with chronic liver diseases: relationship to severity of liver diseases, presence of esophageal varices, and hyperdynamic circulation.\n                           J Hepatol 1995, 22: 165-172. 10.1016\/0168-8278(95)80424-2","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"1944_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840110416","volume":"11","author":"J Deviere","year":"1990","unstructured":"Deviere J, Content J, Denys C, Vandenbussche P, Schandene L, Wybran J, Dupont E: Excessive in vitro bacterial lipopolysaccharide-induced production of monokines in cirrhosis.\n                           Hepatology 1990, 11: 628-634. 10.1002\/hep.1840110416","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"1944_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1086\/315742","volume":"182","author":"C Fiuza","year":"2000","unstructured":"Fiuza C, Salcedo M, Clemente G, Tellado JM: In vivo neutrophil dysfunction in cirrhotic patients with advanced liver disease.\n                           J Infect Dis 2000, 182: 526-533. 10.1086\/315742","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"1944_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1492","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(93)90361-F","volume":"104","author":"B Byl","year":"1993","unstructured":"Byl B, Roucloux I, Crusiaux A, Dupont E, Deviere J: Tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 6 plasma levels in infected cirrhotic patients.\n                           Gastroenterology 1993, 104: 1492-1497.","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"1944_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa010307","volume":"345","author":"E Rivers","year":"2001","unstructured":"Rivers E, Nguyen B, Havstad S, Ressler J, Muzzin A, Knoblich B, Peterson E, Tomlanovich M: Early goal-directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock.\n                           N Engl J Med 2001, 345: 1368-1377. 10.1056\/NEJMoa010307","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1944_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3181cb0cdc","volume":"38","author":"MM Levy","year":"2010","unstructured":"Levy MM, Dellinger RP, Townsend SR, Linde-Zwirble WT, Marshall JC, Bion J, Schorr C, Artigas A, Ramsay G, Beale R, Parker MM, Gerlach H, Reinhart K, Silva E, Harvey M, Regan S, Angus DC: The Surviving Sepsis Campaign: results of an international guideline-based performance improvement program targeting severe sepsis.\n                           Crit Care Med 2010, 38: 367-374. 10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3181cb0cdc","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"1944_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1097\/01.CCM.0000261890.41311.E9","volume":"35","author":"VY Dombrovskiy","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dombrovskiy VY, Martin AA, Sunderram J, Paz HL: Rapid increase in hospitalization and mortality rates for severe sepsis in the United States: a trend analysis from 1993 to 2003.\n                           Crit Care Med 2007, 35: 1244-1250. 10.1097\/01.CCM.0000261890.41311.E9","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"1944_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R42","DOI":"10.1186\/cc4854","volume":"10","author":"DA Harrison","year":"2006","unstructured":"Harrison DA, Welch CA, Eddleston JM: The epidemiology of severe sepsis in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, 1996 to 2004: secondary analysis of a high quality clinical database, the ICNARC Case Mix Programme Database.\n                           Crit Care 2006, 10: R42. 10.1186\/cc4854","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"1944_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1773","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3181eb3ccd","volume":"38","author":"A Kumar","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kumar A, Zarychanski R, Light B, Parrillo J, Maki D, Simon D, Laporta D, Lapinsky S, Ellis P, Mirzanejad Y, Martinka G, Keenan S, Wood G, Arabi Y, Feinstein D, Kumar A, Dodek P, Kravetsky L, Doucette S, Cooperative Antimicrobial Therapy of Septic Shock (CATSS) Database Research Group: Early combination antibiotic therapy yields improved survival compared with monotherapy in septic shock: a propensity-matched analysis.\n                           Crit Care Med 2010, 38: 1773-1785. 10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3181eb3ccd","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"1944_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Delaney AP, Dan A, McCaffrey J, Finfer S: The role of albumin as a resuscitation fluid for patients with sepsis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.\n                           Crit Care Med\n                           39: 386-391.","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3181ffe217"},{"key":"1944_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199908053410603","volume":"341","author":"P Sort","year":"1999","unstructured":"Sort P, Navasa M, Arroyo V, Aldeguer X, Planas R, Ruiz-del-Arbol L, Castells L, Vargas V, Soriano G, Guevara M, Gin\u00e8s P, Rod\u00e9s J: Effect of intravenous albumin on renal impairment and mortality in patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.\n                           N Engl J Med 1999, 341: 403-409. 10.1056\/NEJM199908053410603","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"1944_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21101","volume":"43","author":"MH Tsai","year":"2006","unstructured":"Tsai MH, Peng YS, Chen YC, Liu NJ, Ho YP, Fang JT, Lien JM, Yang C, Chen PC, Wu CS: Adrenal insufficiency in patients with cirrhosis, severe sepsis and septic shock.\n                           Hepatology 2006, 43: 673-681. 10.1002\/hep.21101","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"1944_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21352","volume":"44","author":"J Fernandez","year":"2006","unstructured":"Fernandez J, Escorsell A, Zabalza M, Felipe V, Navasa M, Mas A, Lacy AM, Gines P, Arroyo V: Adrenal insufficiency in patients with cirrhosis and septic shock: Effect of treatment with hydrocortisone on survival.\n                           Hepatology 2006, 44: 1288-1295. 10.1002\/hep.21352","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"1944_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1971","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.090707","volume":"182","author":"YM Arabi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Arabi YM, Aljumah A, Dabbagh O, Tamim HM, Rishu AH, Al-Abdulkareem A, Knawy BA, Hajeer AH, Tamimi W, Cherfan A: Low-dose hydrocortisone in patients with cirrhosis and septic shock: a randomized controlled trial.\n                           CMAJ 2010, 182: 1971-1977. 10.1503\/cmaj.090707","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"1944_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1693","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-005-2842-7","volume":"31","author":"D du Cheyron","year":"2005","unstructured":"du Cheyron D, Bouchet B, Parienti JJ, Ramakers M, Charbonneau P: The attributable mortality of acute renal failure in critically ill patients with liver cirrhosis.\n                           Intensive Care Med 2005, 31: 1693-1699. 10.1007\/s00134-005-2842-7","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"1944_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01691253","volume":"9","author":"G Goldfarb","year":"1983","unstructured":"Goldfarb G, Nouel O, Poynard T, Rueff B: Efficiency of respiratory assistance in cirrhotic patients with liver failure.\n                           Intensive Care Med 1983, 9: 271-273. 10.1007\/BF01691253","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"1944_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-012-2523-2","volume":"38","author":"AJ O'Brien","year":"2012","unstructured":"O'Brien AJ, Welch CA, Singer M, Harrison DA: Prevalence and outcome of cirrhosis patients admitted to UK intensive care: a comparison against dialysis-dependent chronic renal failure patients.\n                           Intensive Care Med 2012, 38: 991-1000. 10.1007\/s00134-012-2523-2","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"1944_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0b013e3283544816","volume":"24","author":"A Galbois","year":"2012","unstructured":"Galbois A, Trompette ML, Das V, Boelle PY, Carbonell N, Thabut D, Housset C, Ait-Oufella H, Offenstadt G, Maury E, Guidet B: Improvement in the prognosis of cirrhotic patients admitted to an intensive care unit, a retrospective study.\n                           Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2012, 24: 897-904. 10.1097\/MEG.0b013e3283544816","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"1944_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20339","volume":"40","author":"N Carbonell","year":"2004","unstructured":"Carbonell N, Pauwels A, Serfaty L, Fourdan O, Levy VG, Poupon R: Improved survival after variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis over the past two decades.\n                           Hepatology 2004, 40: 652-659. 10.1002\/hep.20339","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"1944_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32364","volume":"122","author":"R Moreau","year":"2002","unstructured":"Moreau R, Durand F, Poynard T, Duhamel C, Cervoni JP, Ichai P, Abergel A, Halimi C, Pauwels M, Bronowicki JP, Giostra E, Fleurot C, Gurnot D, Nouel O, Renard P, Rivoal M, Blanc P, Coumaros D, Ducloux S, Levy S, Pariente A, Perarnau JM, Roche J, Scribe-Outtas M, Valla D, Bernard B, Samuel D, Butel J, Hadengue A, Platek A, et al.: Terlipressin in patients with cirrhosis and type 1 hepatorenal syndrome: a retrospective multicenter study.\n                           Gastroenterology 2002, 122: 923-930. 10.1053\/gast.2002.32364","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"1944_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2108","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3181f3dea9","volume":"38","author":"V Das","year":"2010","unstructured":"Das V, Boelle PY, Galbois A, Guidet B, Maury E, Carbonell N, Moreau R, Offenstadt G: Cirrhotic patients in the medical intensive care unit: early prognosis and long-term survival.\n                           Crit Care Med 2010, 38: 2108-2116. 10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3181f3dea9","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"1944_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2006.02998.x","volume":"24","author":"E Cholongitas","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cholongitas E, Senzolo M, Patch D, Shaw S, Hui C, Burroughs AK: Review article: scoring systems for assessing prognosis in critically ill adult cirrhotics.\n                           Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2006, 24: 453-464. 10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2006.02998.x","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"1944_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3181c0349e","volume":"38","author":"M Soares","year":"2010","unstructured":"Soares M, Caruso P, Silva E, Teles JM, Lobo SM, Friedman G, Dal Pizzol F, Mello PV, Bozza FA, Silva UV, Torelly AP, Knibel MF, Rezende E, Netto JJ, Piras C, Castro A, Ferreira BS, Rea-Neto A, Olmedo PB, Salluh JI: Characteristics and outcomes of patients with cancer requiring admission to intensive care units: a prospective multicenter study.\n                           Crit Care Med 2010, 38: 9-15. 10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3181c0349e","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"1944_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0b013e32834aa4bb","volume":"23","author":"EJ Huisman","year":"2011","unstructured":"Huisman EJ, Trip EJ, Siersema PD, van Hoek B, van Erpecum KJ: Protein energy malnutrition predicts complications in liver cirrhosis.\n                           Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2011, 23: 982-989. 10.1097\/MEG.0b013e32834aa4bb","journal-title":"Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol"}],"container-title":["Critical Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/cc12687.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/cc12687\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/cc12687.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,7]],"date-time":"2024-10-07T08:59:55Z","timestamp":1728291595000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ccforum.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/cc12687"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,19]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]}},"alternative-id":["1944"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/cc12687","relation":{},"ISSN":["1364-8535"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1364-8535","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 November 2012","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 January 2013","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 April 2013","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 April 2013","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"R78"}}