{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T18:19:09Z","timestamp":1789928349588,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,27]],"date-time":"2014-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1401148800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,27]],"date-time":"2014-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1401148800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Crit Care"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>The accurate assessment of intravascular volume status for the therapy of severe hypovolemia and shock is difficult and critical to critically ill patients. Non-invasive evaluation of fluid responsiveness by the rapid infusion of a very limited amount of volume is an important clinical goal. This study aimed to test whether echocardiographic parameters could predict fluid responsiveness in critically ill patients following a low-volume (50-ml crystalloid solution) infusion over 10\u2009seconds.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>We prospectively studied 55 mechanically ventilated patients. Echocardiography was performed during a 50-ml infusion of crystalloid solution over 10\u2009seconds and a further 450\u2009ml over 15\u2009minutes. Cardiac output (CO), stroke volume (SV), aortic velocity time index (VTI), and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were recorded. Patients were classified as responders (Rs) if CO increased by at least 15% following the 500-ml volume expansion or were classified as non-responders (NRs) if CO increased by less than 15%. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) compared CO variations after 50\u2009ml over 10\u2009seconds (\u2206CO50) and 500\u2009ml over 15\u2009minutes (\u2206CO500) and the variation of VTI after infusion of 50\u2009ml of fluid over 10\u2009seconds (\u2206VTI50).<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>In total, 50 patients were enrolled, and 27 (54%) of them were Rs. General characteristics, LVEF, heart rate, and central venous pressure were similar between Rs and NRs. In the Rs group, the AUC for \u2206CO50 was 0.95\u2009\u00b1\u20090.03 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;0.01; best cutoff value, 6%; sensitivity, 93%; specificity, 91%). Moreover, \u2206CO50 and \u2206CO500 were strongly correlated (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.87; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;0.01). The AUC for \u2206VTI50 was 0.91\u2009\u00b1\u20090.04 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;0.01; best cutoff value, 9%; sensitivity, 74%; specificity, 95%). \u2206VTI50 and \u2206CO500 were positively correlated (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.72; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;0.01).<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>In critically ill patients, the variation of CO and VTI after the administration of 50-ml crystalloid solution over 10\u2009seconds (\u2206CO50 and \u2206VTI50) can accurately predict fluid responsiveness.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>Current Controlled Trials <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/ccforum.com\/content\/18\/3\/R108\">ISRCTN10524328<\/jats:ext-link>. Registered 12 December 2013.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/cc13891","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,27]],"date-time":"2014-05-27T09:03:34Z","timestamp":1401181414000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["A 10-second fluid challenge guided by transthoracic echocardiography can predict fluid 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