{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T18:50:56Z","timestamp":1776451856822,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,7]],"date-time":"2005-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1131321600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,7]],"date-time":"2005-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1131321600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Crit Care"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>Albumin administration in the critically ill has been the subject of some controversy. We investigated the use of albumin solutions in European intensive care units (ICUs) and its relationship to outcome.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>In a cohort, multicenter, observational study, all patients admitted to one of the participating ICUs between 1 May and 15 May 2002 were followed up until death, hospital discharge, or for 60 days. Patients were classified according to whether or not they received albumin at any time during their ICU stay.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>Of 3,147 admitted patients, 354 (11.2%) received albumin and 2,793 (88.8%) did not. Patients who received albumin were more likely to have cancer or liver cirrhosis, to be surgical admissions, and to have sepsis. They had a longer length of ICU stay and a higher mortality rate, but were also more severely ill, as manifested by higher simplified acute physiology score (SAPS) II and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores than the other patients. A Cox proportional hazard model indicated that albumin administration was significantly associated with decreased 30-day survival. Moreover, in 339 pairs matched according to a propensity score, ICU and hospital mortality rates were higher in the patients who had received albumin than in those who had not (34.8 versus 20.9% and 41.3 versus 27.7%, respectively, both <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001).<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                        <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                        <jats:p>Albumin administration was associated with decreased survival in this population of acutely ill patients. Further prospective randomized controlled trials are needed to examine the effects of albumin administration in sub-groups of acutely ill patients.<\/jats:p>\n                     <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/cc3895","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,8]],"date-time":"2005-11-08T07:16:31Z","timestamp":1131434191000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["Is albumin administration in the acutely ill associated with increased mortality? Results of the SOAP study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Jean-Louis","family":"Vincent","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasser","family":"Sakr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Konrad","family":"Reinhart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charles L","family":"Sprung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Herwig","family":"Gerlach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V Marco","family":"Ranieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the 'Sepsis Occurrence in Acutely Ill Patients' investigators","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"3790_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.317.7153.235","volume":"317","author":"Cochrane Injuries Group","year":"1998","unstructured":"Cochrane Injuries Group: Human albumin administration in critically ill patients: systematic review of randomized controlled trials.\n                           BMJ 1998, 317: 235-240.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"3790_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.317.7153.223","volume":"317","author":"M Offringa","year":"1998","unstructured":"Offringa M: Excess mortality after human albumin administration in critically ill patients. Clinical and pathophysiological evidence suggests albumin is harmful.\n                           BMJ 1998, 317: 223-224.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"3790_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-135-3-200108070-00007","volume":"135","author":"MM Wilkes","year":"2001","unstructured":"Wilkes MM, Navickis RJ: Patient survival after human albumin administration. A meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials.\n                           Ann Intern Med 2001, 135: 149-164.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"3790_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2247","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa040232","volume":"350","author":"S Finfer","year":"2004","unstructured":"Finfer S, Bellomo R, Boyce N, French J, Myburgh J, Norton R, SAFE Study Investigators: A comparison of albumin and saline for fluid resuscitation in the intensive care unit.\n                           N Engl J Med 2004, 350: 2247-2256. 10.1056\/NEJMoa040232","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"3790_CR5","unstructured":"The SOAP Study[http:\/\/www.intensive.org\/soap\/index.cfm]"},{"key":"3790_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2957","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1993.03510240069035","volume":"270","author":"JR Le Gall","year":"1993","unstructured":"Le Gall JR, Lemeshow S, Saulnier F: A new simplified acute physiology score (SAPS II) based on a European\/North American multicenter study.\n                           JAMA 1993, 270: 2957-2963. 10.1001\/jama.270.24.2957","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"3790_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01709751","volume":"22","author":"JL Vincent","year":"1996","unstructured":"Vincent JL, Moreno R, Takala J, Willatts S, De Mendon\u00e7a A, Bruining H, Reinhart CK, Suter PM, Thijs LG: The SOFA (Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment) score to describe organ dysfunction\/failure. On behalf of the Working Group on Sepsis-Related Problems of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine.\n                           Intensive Care Med 1996, 22: 707-710.","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"3790_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199206000-00025","volume":"20","author":"American College of Chest Physicians\/Society of Critical Care Medicine Consensus Conference","year":"1992","unstructured":"American College of Chest Physicians\/Society of Critical Care Medicine Consensus Conference: Definitions of sepsis and multiple organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis.\n                           Crit Care Med 1992, 20: 864-874.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"3790_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1793","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199811000-00016","volume":"26","author":"JL Vincent","year":"1998","unstructured":"Vincent JL, de Mendon\u00e7a A, Cantraine F, Moreno R, Takala J, Suter P, Sprung C, Colardyn FC, Blecher S: Use of the SOFA score to assess the incidence of organ dysfunction\/failure in intensive care units: results of a multicentric, prospective study. Working group on \"Sepsis-related problems\" of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine.\n                           Crit Care Med 1998, 26: 1793-1800.","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"3790_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1972.tb00899.x","volume":"34","author":"DR Cox","year":"1972","unstructured":"Cox DR: Regression models and life tables.\n                           J R Stat Soc Ser B 1972, 34: 187-220.","journal-title":"J R Stat Soc Ser B"},{"key":"3790_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/70.1.41","volume":"70","author":"PR Rosenbaum","year":"1983","unstructured":"Rosenbaum PR, Rubin DB: The central role of the propensity score on observational studies for causal effects.\n                           Biometrika 1983, 70: 41-55.","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"key":"3790_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1984.10478078","volume":"79","author":"PR Rosenbaum","year":"1984","unstructured":"Rosenbaum PR, Rubin DB: Reducing bias in observational studies using subclassification on the propensity score.\n                           J Am Stat Assoc 1984, 79: 516-523.","journal-title":"J Am Stat Assoc"},{"key":"3790_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2265","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0258(19981015)17:19<2265::AID-SIM918>3.0.CO;2-B","volume":"17","author":"RB D'Agostino Jr","year":"1998","unstructured":"D'Agostino RB Jr: Propensity score methods for bias reduction in the comparison of a treatment to a non-randomized control group.\n                           Stat Med 1998, 17: 2265-2281. 10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0258(19981015)17:19<2265::AID-SIM918>3.0.CO;2-B","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"3790_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-127-8_Part_2-199710151-00064","volume":"127","author":"DB Rubin","year":"1997","unstructured":"Rubin DB: Estimating causal effects from large data sets using propensity scores.\n                           Ann Intern Med 1997, 127: 757-763.","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"3790_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.286.10.1187","volume":"286","author":"PA Gum","year":"2001","unstructured":"Gum PA, Thamilarasan M, Watanabe J, Blackstone EH, Lauer MS: Aspirin use and all-cause mortality among patients being evaluated for known or suspected coronary artery disease: A propensity analysis.\n                           JAMA 2001, 286: 1187-1194. 10.1001\/jama.286.10.1187","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"3790_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-200303000-00005","volume":"237","author":"JL Vincent","year":"2003","unstructured":"Vincent JL, Dubois MJ, Navickis RJ, Wilkes MM: Hypoalbuminemia in acute illness: is there a rationale for intervention? A meta-analysis of cohort studies and controlled trials.\n                           Ann Surg 2003, 237: 319-334. 10.1097\/00000658-200303000-00005","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"3790_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5223(99)70056-5","volume":"118","author":"DT Engelman","year":"1999","unstructured":"Engelman DT, Adams DH, Byrne JG, Aranki SF, Collins JJ Jr, Couper GS, Allred EN, Cohn LH, Rizzo RJ: Impact of body mass index and albumin on morbidity and mortality after cardiac surgery.\n                           J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1999, 118: 866-873. 10.1016\/S0022-5223(99)70056-5","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"3790_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.134.1.36","volume":"134","author":"J Gibbs","year":"1999","unstructured":"Gibbs J, Cull W, Henderson W, Daley J, Hur K, Khuri SF: Preoperative serum albumin level as a predictor of operative mortality and morbidity: 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May 2005","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 September 2005","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 October 2005","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 November 2005","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}],"article-number":"R745"}}