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Unravelling its genetic background would allow us to identify genetic biomarkers that may be used as additional tools in its daily management, helping to solve the clinical challenge that this vasculitis entails. C5 is a potent immune mediator that is proteolytically processed to generate C5a, a potent anaphylatoxin that exerts its function via C5aR1. <jats:italic>C5<\/jats:italic> downstream variants (rs3761847 and rs10818488) have been recently related to IgAV pathogenesis. Additionally, C5a and C5aR1 dysregulation contributes to the development of inflammatory diseases, and, particularly, elevated C5a plasma levels have been observed in IgAV patients in the acute stage. Accordingly, we aimed to evaluate the influence of <jats:italic>C5<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>C5AR1<\/jats:italic> on the pathophysiology of IgAV.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Eight <jats:italic>C5<\/jats:italic> (rs10760128, rs74971050, rs4310279, rs7868761, rs10818495, rs10156396, rs3815467, and rs16910280) and three <jats:italic>C5AR1<\/jats:italic> (rs10853784, rs11673071, and rs11670789) tag variants were genotyped in 342 Caucasian IgAV patients and 723 ethnically matched healthy controls.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>No statistically significant differences were observed when <jats:italic>C5<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>C5AR1<\/jats:italic> frequencies were compared between IgAV patients and healthy controls. Likewise, similar <jats:italic>C5<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>C5AR1<\/jats:italic> frequencies were observed amongst IgAV patients stratified according to IgAV severity (presence\/absence of nephritis). Furthermore, no <jats:italic>C5<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>C5AR1<\/jats:italic> differences were disclosed when IgAV patients were stratified according to demographic and clinical IgAV characteristics other than nephritis (age at disease onset, presence\/absence of joint and gastrointestinal manifestations) and sex.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>\n          <jats:sec>\n            <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n            <jats:p>Our results suggest that <jats:italic>C5<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>C5AR1<\/jats:italic> are not related to IgAV pathogenesis and, therefore, these genes may not be useful as IgAV genetic biomarkers.<\/jats:p>\n          <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s10020-025-01313-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,27]],"date-time":"2025-07-27T10:28:02Z","timestamp":1753612082000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Evaluating the usefulness of C5 and C5AR1 as genetic biomarkers of IgA-mediated vasculitis"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Joao Carlos","family":"Batista-Liz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanesa","family":"Calvo-R\u00edo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Sebasti\u00e1n","family":"Mora-Gil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Teresa","family":"Leonardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Cristina","family":"Pe\u00f1alba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Mart\u00edn-Penagos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javier","family":"Narv\u00e1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bel\u00e9n","family":"Sevilla-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Luis","family":"Callejas-Rubio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ligia","family":"Gabrie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafael G\u00e1lvez","family":"S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Caminal-Montero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paz","family":"Collado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Jos\u00e9 Rodr\u00edguez","family":"Valls","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"de Argila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Quiroga-Colina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esther Francisca","family":"Vicente-Rabaneda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esteban","family":"Rubio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel Le\u00f3n","family":"Luque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan Mar\u00eda","family":"Blanco-Madrigal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Gal\u00edndez-Agirregoikoa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Blanco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ver\u00f3nica","family":"Pulito-Cueto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raquel","family":"L\u00f3pez-Mej\u00edas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"1313_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abu-Zaid MH, Salah S, Lotfy HM, El Gaafary M, Abdulhady H, Tabra S abd A, et al. 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Likewise, methods were carried out following the ethical standards of the approved guidelines and regulations, according to the Declaration of Helsinki, and the study was also approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Cantabria, Spain (protocol code 15\/2012).","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate:"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"267"}}