{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T07:05:10Z","timestamp":1781247910369,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,26]],"date-time":"2021-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627257600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,26]],"date-time":"2021-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627257600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Rigshospitalet Research Foundation","award":["F-23340-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F-23340-02"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009997","name":"International Headache Society","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009997","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Headache Pain"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>To investigate the association of psychiatric and cognitive comorbidities with persistent post-traumatic headache (PTH) attributed to mild traumatic brain injury (TBI).<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>A total of 100 patients with persistent PTH attributed to mild TBI and 100 age- and gender-matched healthy controls free of mild TBI were enrolled between July 2018 and June 2019. Quality of sleep was evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, while symptoms of anxiety and depression were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Cognitive impairment was evaluated using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment questionnaire, while post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was assessed using the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In 100 patients with persistent PTH, 85% reported poor quality sleep, compared with 42% of healthy controls (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). The relative frequency of probable to high risk of anxiety was 52% in the persistent PTH group vs. 8% in healthy controls (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01), while the relative frequency of probable to high risk of depression was 42% in the persistent PTH group vs. 2% in healthy controls (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Furthermore, 27% of the patients with persistent PTH had mild cognitive impairment while 10% had probable PTSD.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Poor quality of sleep as well as symptoms suggestive of anxiety and depression were more common in patients with persistent PTH than healthy controls. Clinicians should screen patients with persistent PTH for these comorbidities and develop treatment plans that account for their presence.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-021-01287-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,26]],"date-time":"2021-07-26T20:03:33Z","timestamp":1627329813000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Psychiatric and cognitive comorbidities of persistent post-traumatic headache attributed to mild traumatic brain injury"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6268-727X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H\u00e5kan","family":"Ashina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haidar Muhsen","family":"Al-Khazali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Afrim","family":"Iljazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sait","family":"Ashina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faisal Mohammad","family":"Amin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard B.","family":"Lipton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henrik Winther","family":"Schytz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"1287_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.300.6.711","volume":"300","author":"DE Nampiaparampil","year":"2008","unstructured":"Nampiaparampil DE (2008) Prevalence of chronic pain after traumatic brain injury: a systematic review. 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The study protocol was approved by the relevant ethics committee and institutional review board.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declared the following potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship and\/or publication of this article: Sait Ashina has received honoraria from Allergan and Teva and consultant fees from Amgen and Allergan. Sait Ashina received honoraria for consulting for Allergan, Amgen, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Promius, Satsuma, Supernus, and Theranica. Faisal Mohammad Amin is a lecturer or scientific advisor for Teva, Eli Lilly, Lundbeck, and Novartis. Messoud Ashina has received personal fees from Alder BioPharmaceuticals, Allergan, Amgen, Eli Lilly, Novartis, and Teva. MA also participated in clinical trials as the principal investigator for Alder, Amgen, electroCore, Novartis, and Teva. Richard B. Lipton serves on the editorial boards of Neurology and Cephalalgia and as senior advisor to Headache; has received research support from the National Institutes of Health (NIH); receives support from the Migraine Research Foundation and the National Headache Foundation; has reviewed for the National Institute on Aging (NIA) and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS); serves as consultant, advisory board member, or has received honoraria from Alder, Allergan, Amgen, Autonomic Technologies, Avanir, Boston Scientific, Dr. Reddy\u2019s, ElectroCore, Eli Lilly, eNeuraTherapeutics, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, Novartis, Teva, and Vedanta; receives royalties from Wolff\u2019s Headache and Informa; holds stock options in eNeura Therapeutics and Biohaven. Henrik Winther Schytz received speaking fees from Novartis and Teva. The other authors declare no conflicts of interest.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"83"}}