{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T17:29:09Z","timestamp":1792085349482,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,23]],"date-time":"2022-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655942400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,23]],"date-time":"2022-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655942400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007132","name":"Otsuka Pharmaceutical","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007132","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Headache Pain"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Migraine is a chronic disease characterized by episodic headache attacks. No recent studies have, however been conducted on the epidemiology of migraine or the treatment landscape in Japan. This study was conducted as a fact-finding survey using medical claims data and an online survey on migraine and headaches, conducted among members of health insurance associations with the objective of gaining an understanding of migraine prevalence and the treatment status in Japan.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The study methodology utilized a unique approach of combined data sources. The data sources used in this study are medical claims data and linked online survey data provided by DeSC Healthcare Inc (DeSC). The primary outcomes (from survey responses) were: the overall number and proportion of migraine patients; and the overall prevalence of migraine, stratified by age and sex. The secondary outcomes (from survey responses) were use of medical care; and clinical features\/headache symptoms. The analysis population included all individuals who had response data for surveys conducted by DeSC. The online survey data and medical claims data were summarized.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The data population comprised 21,480 individuals. On the basis of the survey results, including probable cases, the overall prevalence of migraine was 3.2%. The highest prevalence of migraine was observed in patients aged 30\u201339\u00a0years. The prevalence of migraine in women was 4.4 times higher than in men. The percentage of migraine patients who had not been seen by a doctor was 81.0%. More than 80% of patients were taking over-the-counter drugs and 6.1% took prescription medicines only. Approximately 52.9% of patients considered that the intensity of pain symptoms was severe. Moreover, the majority of patients (72.9%) considered that the impairment of daily life activities was of moderate or severe degree.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>In Japan, the percentage of people with migraine who did not receive medical attention is as high as 80%. Additionally, the majority of patients tend to endure symptoms and continue with everyday activities. With innovative treatment approaches becoming available it is necessary to disseminate information that migraine is not a simple headache but an illness that requires medical treatment and consultation.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-022-01439-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,23]],"date-time":"2022-06-23T00:02:24Z","timestamp":1655942544000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["A study to investigate the prevalence of headache disorders and migraine among people registered in a health insurance association in Japan"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Fumihiko","family":"Sakai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koichi","family":"Hirata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hisaka","family":"Igarashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takao","family":"Takeshima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeo","family":"Nakayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiromi","family":"Sano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Kondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshiyuki","family":"Shibasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nobuyuki","family":"Koga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"1439_CR1","unstructured":"Headache Clinical Practice Guideline Development Committee (2021) Clinical practice guideline for headache disorders 2021. 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However, the survey was conducted in consideration of the Declaration of Helsinki (revised October 2013) by the World Medical Association and the Ethical Guidelines for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"HS, HK, YS and NK are employees of Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.FS received consultant fee from Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., during the conduct of the study; consulting fees from Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Eli-Lilly Co., Ltd., and Amgen Co. Ltd.; lecture Honoraria from Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Eli-Lilly Co., Ltd., and Amgen Co., Ltd., outside the submitted work. KH received consulting fees from Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., during the conduct of the study; consulting fees from Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Amgen Astellas BioPharma K.K., and Lundbeck Japan K.K.; lecture Honoraria from Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Eisai Co., Pfizer Japan, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., MSD Co., Ltd., Amgen Astellas BioPharma K.K., Ltd., and Lundbeck Japan K.K., outside the submitted work. HI received consulting fees Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., during the conduct of the study; consulting fees from Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; Daiichi Sankyo Co., Eli Lilly Japan K.K, lecture Honoraria from Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Eli Lilly Japan K.K, Amgen K.K., Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., and Eisai Co., Ltd.; manuscript writing fee from Sawai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; educational event fees from Lundbeck Japan K.K., outside the submitted work. TT received consulting fees from Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., during the conduct of the study; grants or contracts from Eisai Co., Ltd., Amgen Inc., Eli Lilly Japan K.K., and Allergan Japan K.K.; consulting fees from Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; honoraria for lectures from Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Eisai Co., Ltd., Amgen Inc., and Eli Lilly Japan K.K., outside the submitted work. TN received consulting fees from Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., during the conduct of the study; consulting fees from Dainippon Sumitomo Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; grants or contracts from I&H Co., Ltd., and Nakagawa Pharmacy Co.; lecture Honoria from Pfizer Japan Inc., MSD K.K., Chugai Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Janssen Pharmaceutical K.K., Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH., Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Baxter Ltd., Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. and Novartis Pharma K.K., outside the submitted work.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"70"}}