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However, preventive treatment is not optimally applied to reduce the severity and frequency of headache attacks and the related expenses. Our aim was to assess the persistence to traditional migraine prophylaxis available in Spain and its relationship with the healthcare resource use (HRU) and costs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective observational study with retrospective cohort design of individuals with migraine treated with oral preventive medication for the first time from 01\/01\/2016 to 30\/06\/2018. One-year follow-up information was retrieved from the Big-Pac\u2122 database. According to their one-year persistence to oral prophylaxis, two study groups were created and describe regarding HRU and healthcare direct and indirect costs using 95% confidence intervals (CI). The analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was performed as a sensitivity analysis. Patients were considered persistent if they continued on preventive treatment until the end of the study or switched medications within 60\u00a0days or less since the last prescription. Non-persistent were those who permanently discontinued or re-initiated a treatment after 60\u00a0days.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Seven thousand eight hundred sixty-six patients started preventive treatment (mean age (SD) 48.2 (14.8) and 80.4% women), of whom 2,545 (32.4%) were persistent for 6\u00a0months and 2,390 (30.4%) for 12\u00a0months. Most used first-line preventive treatments were antidepressants (3,642; 46.3%) followed by antiepileptics (1,738; 22.1%) and beta-blockers (1,399; 17.8%). The acute treatments prescribed concomitantly with preventives were NSAIDs (4,530; 57.6%), followed by triptans (2,217; 28.2%). First-time preventive treatment prescribers were mostly primary care physicians (6,044; 76.8%) followed by neurologists (1,221; 15.5%). Non-persistent patients required a higher number of primary care visits (mean difference (95%CI): 3.0 (2.6;3.4)) and days of sick leave (2.7 (0.8;4.5)) than the persistent ones. The mean annual expenditure was \u20ac622 (415; 829) higher in patients who not persisted on migraine prophylactic treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, we observed a high discontinuation rate for migraine prophylaxis which is related to an increase in HRU and costs for non-persistent patients. These results suggest that the treatment adherence implies not only a clinical benefit but also a reduction in HRU and costs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-022-01448-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,7]],"date-time":"2022-07-07T01:02:52Z","timestamp":1657155772000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Persistence, use of resources and costs in patients under migraine preventive treatment: the PERSEC study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Pablo","family":"Irimia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Garc\u00eda-Azor\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mercedes","family":"N\u00fa\u00f1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00edlvia","family":"D\u00edaz-Cerezo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pepa Garc\u00eda","family":"de Polavieja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tommaso","family":"Panni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aram","family":"Sicras-Navarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoni","family":"Sicras-Mainar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Ciudad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"1448_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102417738202","volume":"38","author":"Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society (IHS)","year":"2018","unstructured":"Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society (IHS) (2018) The international classification of headache disorders, 3rd edition. 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Cited 2021 Oct 13","journal-title":"BMC Neurol"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Headache and Pain"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s10194-022-01448-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s10194-022-01448-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s10194-022-01448-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,24]],"date-time":"2023-11-24T07:58:58Z","timestamp":1700812738000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejournalofheadacheandpain.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s10194-022-01448-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,7]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1448"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s10194-022-01448-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1129-2369","1129-2377"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1129-2369","type":"print"},{"value":"1129-2377","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"29 April 2022","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 June 2022","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 July 2022","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, the Good Pharmacoepidemiology Practice\u00a0(GPP) and the Spanish laws and regulations.\u00a0It was classified into the Observational Post-Authorization Study-Other Designs (EPA-OD) category by the Spanish Agency of Medicine and Sanitary Products (AEMPS) and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa (Terrassa, Spain) on 27\/01\/2020. The study also complied with the current General Data Protection Regulation (EU) 2016\/679 (GPDR) of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 and with the Spanish Organic Law 3\/2018 of 5 December 2018 on Data Protection and Guarantee of Digital Rights. Written informed consent was not requested from patients as information obtained from medical records was dissociated from the personal identification data and used anonymously.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"PI received honoraria from Eli Lilly, Novartis, TEVA, Abbvie and Chiesi for educational activities; DGA received honoraria from Allergan, Lundbeck, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Chiesi and Teva for educational activities. MN, SD, PGP, TP and AC are Eli Lilly employees. ASN and ASM provided independent consultant expertise.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"78"}}