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We aimed to describe the impact of migraine in healthcare resource utilization (HCRU), work productivity, and mood disorders, as well as its economic cost.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Case\u2013control study nested in a cross-sectional analysis of patient-reported data collected between 30\/12\/2019 and 20\/04\/2020 as part of the National Health and Wellness Survey, from respondents located in Spain. Adults (\u2265\u200918\u00a0years old) who reported a physician diagnosis of migraine and\u2009\u2265\u20091 monthly headache days (MHD) in the previous 30\u00a0days were included. HCRU, health-related quality-of-life, depression scores, work and activity impairment, and the associated direct and indirect costs were assessed for four cohorts of migraine patients, according to the frequency of headache (MHD: 1\u20133, 4\u20137, 8\u201314,\u2009\u2265\u200915) and compared to a no-migraine control, matched to migraine cases by a propensity score based on demographic and clinical variables.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The survey was completed by 595 people with active migraine, of whom 461 (77.4%) experienced\u2009&lt;\u20098 MHDs and 134 (22.6%)\u2009\u2265\u20098 MHDs, and 1,190 non-migraine matched controls. Migraine patients presented worse mental and physical health functioning (SF-12 MCS: 41.9 vs. 44.7,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001; SF-12 PCS: 48.6 vs. 51.5,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), worse self-reported health (EQ-5D VAS: 65.8 vs. 73.5,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), more severe depression (PHQ-9: 8.9 vs. 6.1,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and higher overall work impairment (WPAI: 41.4 vs. 25.5,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). People with migraine had higher HCRU, twice higher hospitalization rates (17.0% vs. 8.3%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and 1.6 higher emergency room (ER) visit rates (51.4% vs. 31.2%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Having migraine translated into higher annual costs with HCRU (\u20ac894 vs. \u20ac530) and productivity losses (\u20ac8,000 vs. \u20ac4,780) per person. Respondents with more MHDs presented worse outcomes and higher costs but suffering from 1\u20133 MHD also increased costs by 51.3%.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Having migraine not only causes a massive impact on patients\u2019 quality of life and ability to work, but it also generates considerable economic costs for society. In Spain, having migraine was associated to 1.7 higher costs per patient. The clinical and economic burden increases with the frequency of headaches but is higher than controls even in patients suffering from 1\u20133 MHD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-024-01740-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,14]],"date-time":"2024-03-14T20:03:19Z","timestamp":1710446599000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Societal and economic burden of migraine in Spain: results from the 2020 National Health and Wellness Survey"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3132-1064","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Garc\u00eda-Azor\u00edn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlota","family":"Moya-Alarc\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatriz","family":"Armada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margarita","family":"S\u00e1nchez del R\u00edo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"1740_CR1","first-page":"1","volume":"21","author":"T Steiner","year":"2020","unstructured":"Steiner T, Stovner L, Jensen R, Uluduz D, Katsarava Z (2020) Migraine remains second among the world\u2019s causes of disability, and first among young women: findings from GBD2019. 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All the NHWS respondents provided informed consent electronically prior to their participation.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"NA.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"Within the past 24\u00a0months, Dr. Garc\u00eda-Azor\u00edn has received personal compensation for consulting\/advising from the World Health Organization. Non-profit board membership in the Spanish Society of Neurology, and the European Union of Medical Specialist section of Neurology. Research funding from the Regional Health Administration (Gerencia Regional de Salud SACYL) in Castilla y Leon, Carlos III Institute of Spain, and Eli-Lilly. Speaker\/travel grants\/ clinical trials participation for Teva, Allergan\/Abbvie, Amgen, Eli Lilly, Lundbeck, Novartis, and Biohaven. BA and CMA are Pfizer employees. MSdR is the econd vicepresident of the European Headache Federation. She is speaker and has participated in clinical trials for Teva, Pfizer, Eli Lilly, Lundbeck, Allergan\/Abbvie.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"38"}}