{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T22:46:07Z","timestamp":1792104367893,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]],"date-time":"2024-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719446400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]],"date-time":"2024-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719446400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Headache Pain"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Our recent studies have shown headache disorders to be very common in the central and western sub-Saharan countries of Benin and Cameroon. Here we report headache in nearby Mali, a strife-torn country that differs topographically, culturally, politically and economically. The purposes were to estimate headache-attributed burden and need for headache care.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>We used cluster-random sampling in seven of Mali\u2019s eleven regions to obtain a nationally representative sample. During unannounced household visits by trained interviewers, one randomly selected adult member (18\u201365 years) from each household was interviewed using the structured HARDSHIP questionnaire, with enquiries into headache in the last year and, additionally, headache yesterday (HY). Headache on \u2265\u200915 days\/month (H15+) was diagnosed as probable medication-overuse headache (pMOH) when associated with acute medication use on \u2265\u200915 days\/month, and as \u201cother H15+\u201d when not. Episodic headache (on &lt;\u200915 days\/month) was recorded as such and not further diagnosed. Burden was assessed as impaired participation (days lost from paid and household work, and from leisure activity). Need for headache care was defined by criteria for expectation of benefit.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Data collection coincided with the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The participating proportion was nonetheless extremely high (99.4%). The observed 1-year prevalence of any headache was 90.9%. Age- and gender-adjusted estimates were 86.3% for episodic headache, 1.4% for pMOH and 3.1% for other H15+. HY was reported by 16.8% with a mean duration of 8.7\u00a0h. Overall mean headache frequency was 3.5 days\/month. Participants with pMOH lost more days from paid (8.8 days\/3 months) and household work (10.3 days\/3 months) than those with other H15+ (3.1 and 2.8 days\/3 months) or episodic headache (1.2 and 0.9 days\/3 months). At population level, 3.6\u20135.8% of all time was spent with headache, which led to a 3.6% decrease in all activity (impaired participation). Almost a quarter (23.4%) of Mali\u2019s adult population need headache care.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec><jats:sec>\n                <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Headache is very common in Mali, as in its near neighbours, Benin and Cameroon, and associated with substantial losses of health and productivity. Need for headache care is high \u2013 a challenge for a low-income country \u2013 but lost productivity probably translates into lost gross domestic product.<\/jats:p>\n              <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-024-01811-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]],"date-time":"2024-06-27T13:05:23Z","timestamp":1719493523000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["The burden of headache and a health-care needs assessment in the adult population of Mali: a cross-sectional population-based study"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Youssoufa","family":"Maiga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seybou H.","family":"Diallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oumar","family":"Sangho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leon Samuel","family":"Moskatel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatoumata","family":"Konipo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdoulaye","family":"Bocoum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salimata","family":"Diallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Awa","family":"Coulibaly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariam","family":"Daou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Housseini","family":"Dolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Modibo","family":"Sangar\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Albakaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zoumana","family":"Traor\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Coulibaly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adama","family":"Sissoko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guida","family":"Landour\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boubacar","family":"Guindo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahamoudou","family":"Ahamadou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahamane Drahamane","family":"Toure","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abibatou","family":"Dembele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Habib","family":"Sacko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheick Abdoul","family":"Kadri Sao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diakalia","family":"Coulibaly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salimata","family":"Dembele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheick Oumar","family":"Coulibaly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamadou","family":"Sanogo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sekou","family":"Boiguil\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julien","family":"Nizard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Cowan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy J.","family":"Steiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"and Andreas","family":"Hus\u00f8y","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"1811_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Adoukonou T, Agbetou M, Dettin E, Kossi O, Hus\u00f8y A, Thomas H, Houinato D, Steiner TJ (2004) The prevalence and demographic associations of headache in the adult population of Benin: a cross-sectional population-based study. J Headache Pain 2024; 25: 52","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-024-01760-z"},{"key":"1811_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-024-01748-9","volume":"25","author":"C Kuate Tegueu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kuate Tegueu C, Dzudie Tamdja A, Kom F, Forgwa Barche B, Ebasone P, Magnerou M et al (2024) Headache in the adult population of Cameroon: prevalence estimates and demographic associations from a cross-sectional nationwide population-based study. J Headache Pain 25:42. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s10194-024-01748-9","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"1811_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-022-01402-2","volume":"23","author":"LJ Stovner","year":"2022","unstructured":"Stovner LJ, Hagen K, Linde M, Steiner TJ (2022) The global prevalence of headache: an update, with analysis of the influences of methodological factors on prevalence estimates. J Headache Pain 23:34. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s10194-022-01402-2","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"1811_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-022-00763-1","volume":"19","author":"TJ Steiner","year":"2023","unstructured":"Steiner TJ, Stovner LJ (2023) Global epidemiology of migraine and its implications for public health and health policy. Nat Rev Neurol 19:109\u2013117. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41582-022-00763-1","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"key":"1811_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30925-9","volume":"396","author":"T Vos","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vos T, Lim SS, Abbafati C, Abbas KM, Abbasi M, Abbasifard M et al (2020) Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990\u20132019: a systematic analysis for the global burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet 396:1204\u20131222. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30925-9","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1811_CR6","unstructured":"World Bank Country and Lending Groups https:\/\/datahelpdesk.worldbank.org\/knowledgebase\/articles\/906519. Accessed August 10th 2023"},{"key":"1811_CR7","unstructured":"The world factbook Mali. https:\/\/www.cia.gov\/the-world-factbook\/countries\/mali\/. Accessed August 9th 2023"},{"key":"1811_CR8","unstructured":"Mali (2023) https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Mali"},{"key":"1811_CR9","unstructured":"Mali Population (2023) https:\/\/worldpopulationreview.com\/countries\/mali-population. Accessed August 9th 2023"},{"key":"1811_CR10","unstructured":"The World Bank in Mali https:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/country\/mali\/overview. Accessed August 9th 2023"},{"key":"1811_CR11","unstructured":"Poorest Countries in the World https:\/\/wisevoter.com\/country-rankings\/poorest-countries-in-the-world\/. Accessed August 9th 2023"},{"key":"1811_CR12","unstructured":"Poorest countries in the world 2023 https:\/\/worldpopulationreview.com\/country-rankings\/poorest-countries-in-the-world. Accessed August 9th 2023"},{"key":"1811_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.281053","volume":"310","author":"World Medical Association","year":"2013","unstructured":"World Medical Association (2013) World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: ethical principles for Medical Research Involving human subjects. JAMA 310:2191\u20132194. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2013.281053","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"1811_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/1129-2377-15-5","volume":"15","author":"LJ Stovner","year":"2014","unstructured":"Stovner LJ, Al Jumah M, Birbeck GL, Gururaj G, Jensen R, Katsarava Z et al (2014) The methodology of population surveys of headache prevalence, burden and cost: principles and recommendations from the global campaign against Headache. J Headache Pain 15:5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1129-2377-15-5","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"1811_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/1129-2377-15-3","volume":"15","author":"TJ Steiner","year":"2014","unstructured":"Steiner TJ, Gururaj G, Andr\u00e9e C, Katsarava Z, Ayzenberg I, Yu SY et al (2014) Diagnosis, prevalence estimation and burden measurement in population surveys of headache: presenting the HARDSHIP questionnaire. J Headache Pain 15:3. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1129-2377-15-3","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"1811_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-018-0837-3","volume":"19","author":"TJ Steiner","year":"2018","unstructured":"Steiner TJ, Lipton RB (2018) The headache-attributed Lost Time (HALT) indices: measures of burden for clinical management and population-based research. J Headache Pain 19:12. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s10194-018-0837-3","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"1811_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1017\/s0033291798006667","volume":"28","author":"The WHOQOL Group","year":"1998","unstructured":"The WHOQOL Group (1998) Development of the World Health Organization WHOQOL-BREF quality of life assessment. Psychol Med 28:551\u2013558. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/s0033291798006667","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"1811_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"650","DOI":"10.1111\/head.14319","volume":"62","author":"PA Sampaio Rocha-Filho","year":"2022","unstructured":"Sampaio Rocha-Filho PA (2022) Headache associated with COVID-19: epidemiology, characteristics, pathophysiology, and management. Headache 62:650\u2013656. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/head.14319","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"1811_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1177\/2042098616653390","volume":"7","author":"ML Westergaard","year":"2016","unstructured":"Westergaard ML, Munksgaard SB, Bendtsen L, Jensen RH (2016) Medication-overuse headache: a perspective review. Ther Adv Drug Saf 7:147\u2013158. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2042098616653390","journal-title":"Ther Adv Drug Saf"},{"key":"1811_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-022-00415-0","volume":"9","author":"S Ashina","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ashina S, Terwindt GM, Steiner TJ, Lee MJ, Porreca F, Tassorelli C et al (2023) Medication overuse headache. Nat Rev Dis Primers 9:5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41572-022-00415-0","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"1811_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1177\/2042098614522683","volume":"5","author":"ES Kristoffersen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kristoffersen ES, Lundqvist C (2014) Medication-overuse headache: epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment. Ther Adv Drug Saf 5:87\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2042098614522683","journal-title":"Ther Adv Drug Saf"},{"key":"1811_CR22","unstructured":"Tackling malaria in Mali through stronger surveillance (2023) https:\/\/www.afro.who.int\/countries\/mali\/news\/tackling-malaria-mali-through-stronger-surveillance"},{"key":"1811_CR23","unstructured":"World Health Organization Lifting the Burden (2011) Atlas of headache disorders and resources in the world, 2011. Geneva: World Health Organization"},{"key":"1811_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-021-01305-8","volume":"22","author":"M Tinelli","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tinelli M, Leonardi M, Paemeleire K, Raggi A, Mitsikostas D, de la Ruiz E, Steiner TJ (2021) Structured headache services as the solution to the ill-health burden of headache. 3. Modelling effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of implementation in Europe: findings and conclusions. J Headache Pain 22:90","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Headache and Pain"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s10194-024-01811-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s10194-024-01811-5\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s10194-024-01811-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]],"date-time":"2024-06-27T13:05:39Z","timestamp":1719493539000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejournalofheadacheandpain.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s10194-024-01811-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1811"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s10194-024-01811-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1129-2377"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1129-2377","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"20 May 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 June 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 June 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was approved by the ethics committee of the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry at the University of Technical Sciences and Technologies, Bamako, under the number 2020\/209\/CE\/FMOS\/FAPH. All participants gave verbal consent to inclusion.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participation"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"TJS is a Director and Trustee of <i>Lifting The Burden<\/i>, and associate editor of <i>The Journal of Headache and Pain<\/i>. AH is a member of the Junior Editorial Board of <i>The Journal of Headache and Pain<\/i>. There were no other conflicts of interest.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"107"}}