{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T00:30:02Z","timestamp":1794011402680,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]],"date-time":"2025-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744588800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]],"date-time":"2025-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744588800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013327","name":"H. Lundbeck A\/S","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IIT-2022-007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IIT-2022-007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013327","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Headache Pain"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-025-02022-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]],"date-time":"2025-04-14T12:30:07Z","timestamp":1744633807000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["PACAP38-induced migraine attacks are independent of CGRP signaling: a randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Mohammad Al-Mahdi","family":"Al-Karagholi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zixuan Alice","family":"Zhuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Signe","family":"Beich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H\u00e5kan","family":"Ashina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Messoud","family":"Ashina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"19","key":"2022_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1866","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1915327","volume":"383","author":"M Ashina","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ashina M (2020) Migraine. N Engl J Med 383(19):1866\u20131876. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMra1915327","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"2022_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1016\/s1474-4422(19)30185-1","volume":"18","author":"M Ashina","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ashina M, Hansen JM, Do TP et al (2019) Migraine and the trigeminovascular system-40 years and counting. Lancet Neurol 18(8):795\u2013804. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1474-4422(19)30185-1","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"2022_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-neuro-080422-105509","volume":"46","author":"D Levy","year":"2023","unstructured":"Levy D, Moskowitz MA (2023) Meningeal mechanisms and the migraine connection. Annu Rev Neurosci 46:39\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev-neuro-080422-105509","journal-title":"Annu Rev Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-023-01569-2","volume":"24","author":"A Kuburas","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kuburas A, Russo AF (2023) Shared and independent roles of CGRP and PACAP in migraine pathophysiology. J Headache Pain 24(1):34. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s10194-023-01569-2","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"issue":"10283","key":"2022_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(20)32342-4","volume":"397","author":"M Ashina","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ashina M, Buse DC, Ashina H et al (2021) Migraine: integrated approaches to clinical management and emerging treatments. Lancet 397(10283):1505\u20131518. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(20)32342-4","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102420905132","volume":"40","author":"M Ashina","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ashina M, Saper J, Cady R et al (2020) Eptinezumab in episodic migraine: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study (PROMISE-1). Cephalalgia 40(3):241\u2013254. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0333102420905132","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"issue":"13","key":"2022_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1365","DOI":"10.1212\/wnl.0000000000009169","volume":"94","author":"RB Lipton","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lipton RB, Goadsby PJ, Smith J et al (2020) Efficacy and safety of eptinezumab in patients with chronic migraine: PROMISE-2. Neurology 94(13):e1365\u2013e1377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1212\/wnl.0000000000009169","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2022_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-024-01011-4","author":"H Ashina","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ashina H, Christensen RH, Hay DL et al (2024) Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide signalling as a therapeutic target in migraine. Nat Rev Neurol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41582-024-01011-4","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"2022_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awn307","volume":"132","author":"HW Schytz","year":"2009","unstructured":"Schytz HW, Birk S, Wienecke T et al (2009) PACAP38 induces migraine-like attacks in patients with migraine without aura. Brain 132(Pt 1):16\u201325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awn307","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102411431333","volume":"32","author":"FM Amin","year":"2012","unstructured":"Amin FM, Asghar MS, Guo S et al (2012) Headache and prolonged dilatation of the middle meningeal artery by PACAP38 in healthy volunteers. Cephalalgia 32(2):140\u2013149. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0333102411431333","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"issue":"Pt 3","key":"2022_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awt369","volume":"137","author":"FM Amin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Amin FM, Hougaard A, Schytz HW et al (2014) Investigation of the pathophysiological mechanisms of migraine attacks induced by pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide-38. Brain 137(Pt 3):779\u2013794. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awt369","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.npep.2014.01.004","volume":"48","author":"I Jansen-Olesen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jansen-Olesen I, Baun M, Amrutkar DV et al (2014) PACAP-38 but not VIP induces release of CGRP from trigeminal nucleus caudalis via a receptor distinct from the PAC1 receptor. Neuropeptides 48(2):53\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.npep.2014.01.004","journal-title":"Neuropeptides"},{"issue":"7","key":"2022_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2450","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awac040","volume":"145","author":"C Ernstsen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ernstsen C, Christensen SL, Rasmussen RH et al (2022) The PACAP pathway is independent of CGRP in mouse models of migraine: possible new drug target? Brain 145(7):2450\u20132460. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awac040","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"21","key":"2022_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4697","DOI":"10.1523\/jneurosci.2200-20.2021","volume":"41","author":"A Kuburas","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kuburas A, Mason BN, Hing B et al (2021) PACAP induces light aversion in mice by an inheritable mechanism independent of CGRP. J Neurosci 41(21):4697\u20134715. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/jneurosci.2200-20.2021","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"9","key":"2022_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2314577","volume":"391","author":"M Ashina","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ashina M, Phul R, Khodaie M et al (2024) A monoclonal antibody to PACAP for migraine prevention. N Engl J Med 391(9):800\u2013809. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1056\/NEJMoa2314577","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00567","DOI":"10.1002\/prp2.567","volume":"8","author":"B Baker","year":"2020","unstructured":"Baker B, Schaeffler B, Beliveau M et al (2020) Population pharmacokinetic and exposure-response analysis of eptinezumab in the treatment of episodic and chronic migraine. Pharmacol Res Perspect 8(2):e00567. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/prp2.567","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res Perspect"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-022-02714-1","volume":"22","author":"J Ailani","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ailani J, McAllister P, Winner PK et al (2022) Rapid resolution of migraine symptoms after initiating the preventive treatment eptinezumab during a migraine attack: results from the randomized RELIEF trial. BMC Neurol 22(1):205. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12883-022-02714-1","journal-title":"BMC Neurol"},{"key":"2022_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society (IHS) (2018) The international classification of headache disorders, 3rd edition. Cephalalgia 38(1):1\u2013211. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0333102417738202","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102417738202"},{"issue":"4","key":"2022_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R35","DOI":"10.1088\/0967-3334\/22\/4\/201","volume":"22","author":"JD Briers","year":"2001","unstructured":"Briers JD (2001) Laser doppler, speckle and related techniques for blood perfusion mapping and imaging. Physiol Meas 22(4):R35\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/0967-3334\/22\/4\/201","journal-title":"Physiol Meas"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2010.07.059","volume":"164","author":"PG McGuire","year":"2010","unstructured":"McGuire PG, Howdieshell TR (2010) The importance of engraftment in flap revascularization: confirmation by laser speckle perfusion imaging. J Surg Res 164(1):e201\u2013212. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jss.2010.07.059","journal-title":"J Surg Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"2022_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2017.137","volume":"13","author":"M Ashina","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ashina M, Hansen JM, BO, AD et al (2017) Human models of migraine - short-term pain for long-term gain. Nat Rev Neurol 13(12):713\u2013724. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrneurol.2017.137","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurol"},{"issue":"10283","key":"2022_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1496","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(20)32162-0","volume":"397","author":"M Ashina","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ashina M, Terwindt GM, Al-Karagholi MA et al (2021) Migraine: disease characterisation, biomarkers, and precision medicine. Lancet 397(10283):1496\u20131504. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0140-6736(20)32162-0","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102416639516","volume":"37","author":"S Guo","year":"2017","unstructured":"Guo S, Vollesen AL, Hansen RD et al (2017) Part I: pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide-38 induced migraine-like attacks in patients with and without familial aggregation of migraine. Cephalalgia 37(2):125\u2013135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0333102416639516","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"issue":"12","key":"2022_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2773","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000702","volume":"157","author":"S Guo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Guo S, Vollesen ALH, Olesen J et al (2016) Premonitory and nonheadache symptoms induced by CGRP and PACAP38 in patients with migraine. Pain 157(12):2773\u20132781. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000702","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"6","key":"2022_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102420975395","volume":"41","author":"NKF Wienholtz","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wienholtz NKF, Christensen CE, Zhang DG et al (2021) Early treatment with sumatriptan prevents PACAP38-induced migraine: a randomised clinical trial. Cephalalgia 41(6):731\u2013748. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0333102420975395","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"issue":"5","key":"2022_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102418798611","volume":"39","author":"LH Vollesen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Vollesen LH, Guo S, Andersen MR et al (2019) Effect of the H(1)-antihistamine clemastine on PACAP38 induced migraine. Cephalalgia 39(5):597\u2013607. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0333102418798611","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"issue":"12","key":"2022_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5224","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awad261","volume":"146","author":"TP Do","year":"2023","unstructured":"Do TP, Deligianni C, Amirguliyev S et al (2023) Second messenger signalling bypasses CGRP receptor blockade to provoke migraine attacks in humans. Brain 146(12):5224\u20135234. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awad261","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/s1474-4422(24)00003-6","volume":"23","author":"CC Chiang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chiang CC, Porreca F, Robertson CE et al (2024) Potential treatment targets for migraine: emerging options and future prospects. Lancet Neurol 23(3):313\u2013324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s1474-4422(24)00003-6","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"2022_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pharmtox-010814-124701","volume":"55","author":"AF Russo","year":"2015","unstructured":"Russo AF (2015) Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP): a new target for migraine. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 55:533\u2013552. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev-pharmtox-010814-124701","journal-title":"Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1565","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00059.2021","volume":"103","author":"AF Russo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Russo AF, Hay DL (2023) CGRP physiology, pharmacology, and therapeutic targets: migraine and beyond. Physiol Rev 103(2):1565\u20131644. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/physrev.00059.2021","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(93)90019-c","volume":"57","author":"YZ Zhang","year":"1993","unstructured":"Zhang YZ, Sj\u00f6lund B, Moller K et al (1993) Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide produces a marked and long-lasting depression of a C-fibre-evoked flexion reflex. Neuroscience 57(3):733\u2013737. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0306-4522(93)90019-c","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/s0006-8993(99)01260-3","volume":"826","author":"R Uddman","year":"1999","unstructured":"Uddman R, Tajti J, M\u00f6ller S et al (1999) Neuronal messengers and peptide receptors in the human sphenopalatine and otic ganglia. Brain Res 826(2):193\u2013199. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0006-8993(99)01260-3","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-6997(24)01360-7","volume":"50","author":"AJ Harmar","year":"1998","unstructured":"Harmar AJ, Arimura A, Gozes I et al (1998) International union of pharmacology. XVIII. Nomenclature of receptors for vasoactive intestinal peptide and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide. Pharmacol Rev 50(2):265\u2013270","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rev"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2012.01871.x","volume":"166","author":"AJ Harmar","year":"2012","unstructured":"Harmar AJ, Fahrenkrug J, Gozes I et al (2012) Pharmacology and functions of receptors for vasoactive intestinal peptide and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide: IUPHAR review 1. Br J Pharmacol 166(1):4\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2012.01871.x","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.15700","volume":"179","author":"Z Tasma","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tasma Z, Siow A, Harris PWR et al (2022) Characterisation of agonist signalling profiles and agonist-dependent antagonism at PACAP-responsive receptors: implications for drug discovery. Br J Pharmacol 179(3):435\u2013453. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bph.15700","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"2022_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"(2023) Class A orphans in GtoPdb v.2023.1. IUPHAR\/BPS guide to Pharmacology CITE 2023(1). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2218\/gtopdb\/F16\/2023.1","DOI":"10.2218\/gtopdb\/F16\/2023.1"},{"key":"2022_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2019.00114","volume":"13","author":"SH Pedersen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pedersen SH, la Cour SH, Calloe K et al (2019) PACAP-38 and PACAP(6\u201338) degranulate rat meningeal mast cells via the orphan MrgB(3)-receptor. Front Cell Neurosci 13:114. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fncel.2019.00114","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1007\/s12031-014-0301-z","volume":"54","author":"M Koide","year":"2014","unstructured":"Koide M, Syed AU, Braas KM et al (2014) Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) dilates cerebellar arteries through activation of large-conductance Ca(2+)-activated (BK) and ATP-sensitive (K ATP) K (+) channels. J Mol Neurosci 54(3):443\u2013450. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12031-014-0301-z","journal-title":"J Mol Neurosci"},{"issue":"Pt 11","key":"2022_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2951","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awu244","volume":"137","author":"S Guo","year":"2014","unstructured":"Guo S, Olesen J, Ashina M (2014) Phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor cilostazol induces migraine-like attacks via cyclic AMP increase. Brain 137(Pt 11):2951\u20132959. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awu244","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"9","key":"2022_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2644","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awz199","volume":"142","author":"MA Al-Karagholi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Al-Karagholi MA, Hansen JM, Guo S et al (2019) Opening of ATP-sensitive potassium channels causes migraine attacks: a new target for the treatment of migraine. Brain 142(9):2644\u20132654. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awz199","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"10","key":"2022_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2512","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000002238","volume":"162","author":"MA Al-Karagholi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Al-Karagholi MA, Ghanizada H, Waldorff Nielsen CA et al (2021) Opening of BKCa channels causes migraine attacks: a new downstream target for the treatment of migraine. Pain 162(10):2512\u20132520. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000002238","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.01.012","volume":"101","author":"DP Green","year":"2019","unstructured":"Green DP, Limjunyawong N, Gour N et al (2019) A mast-cell-specific receptor mediates neurogenic inflammation and pain. Neuron 101(3):412\u2013420e413. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.01.012","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"2022_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2007.03.012","volume":"130","author":"D Levy","year":"2007","unstructured":"Levy D, Burstein R, Kainz V et al (2007) Mast cell degranulation activates a pain pathway underlying migraine headache. Pain 130(1\u20132):166\u2013176. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pain.2007.03.012","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12302","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-39571-y","volume":"13","author":"S Sbei","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sbei S, Moncrief T, Limjunyawong N et al (2023) PACAP activates MRGPRX2 on meningeal mast cells to drive migraine-like pain. Sci Rep 13(1):12302. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-023-39571-y","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"11","key":"2022_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102414523846","volume":"34","author":"DK Bhatt","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bhatt DK, Gupta S, Olesen J et al (2014) PACAP-38 infusion causes sustained vasodilation of the middle meningeal artery in the rat: possible involvement of mast cells. Cephalalgia 34(11):877\u2013886. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0333102414523846","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(88)90012-7","volume":"8","author":"AA Krabbe","year":"1980","unstructured":"Krabbe AA, Olesen J (1980) Headache provocation by continuous intravenous infusion of histamine. clinical results and receptor mechanisms. Pain 8(2):253\u2013259. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0304-3959(88)90012-7","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"4","key":"2022_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-2982.1991.1104183.x","volume":"11","author":"AL Ottosson","year":"1991","unstructured":"Ottosson AL, Jansen I, Langemark M et al (1991) Histamine receptors in the isolated human middle meningeal artery. A comparison with cerebral and temporal arteries. Cephalalgia 11(4):183\u2013188. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1468-2982.1991.1104183.x","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"issue":"308","key":"2022_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308ra157","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aaa7557","volume":"7","author":"S Akerman","year":"2015","unstructured":"Akerman S, Goadsby PJ (2015) Neuronal PAC1 receptors mediate delayed activation and sensitization of trigeminocervical neurons: relevance to migraine. Sci Transl Med 7(308):308ra157. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/scitranslmed.aaa7557","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Headache and Pain"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s10194-025-02022-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s10194-025-02022-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s10194-025-02022-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]],"date-time":"2025-04-14T12:30:08Z","timestamp":1744633808000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/thejournalofheadacheandpain.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s10194-025-02022-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2022"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s10194-025-02022-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1129-2377"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1129-2377","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"28 December 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 April 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 April 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Regional Health Research Ethics Committee of the Capital Region of Denmark (identifier: H-22038923). All participants provided written informed consent before enrollment, ensuring that they were fully informed about the study procedures and potential risks.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval and consent to participate"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"M.A. has received personal fees from AbbVie, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly, GlaxoSmithKline, Lundbeck, Novartis, Pfizer, and Teva Pharmaceuticals for consulting, advisory board participation, and speaker honoraria, outside of the submitted work. M.A. also serves as an Associate Editor of Brain and The Journal of Headache and Pain. H.A. has received personal fees from AbbVie, Lundbeck, Pfizer, and Teva for consulting, advisory board participation, and speaker honoraria, outside of the submitted work. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"79"}}