{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T00:49:53Z","timestamp":1785890993743,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":123,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779926400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785888000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":69,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Headache Pain"],"DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-026-02408-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T13:44:28Z","timestamp":1779975868000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Trigeminal neuralgia: from clinical challenges to molecular insights"],"prefix":"10.1186","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Yijia","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yujie","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruiding","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Binbin","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianfang","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuai","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianqi","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anhua","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2408_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S935","DOI":"10.1192\/j.eurpsy.2025.1896","volume":"68","author":"R Neto","year":"2025","unstructured":"Neto R, Fonseca Silva B, Remelhe M, Araujo R (2025) Trigeminal neuralgia-rethinking the suicide disease label. Eur Psychiatry 68(Suppl 1):S935\u2013S936","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry"},{"key":"2408_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174480692090189","DOI":"10.1177\/1744806920901890","volume":"16","author":"E Gambeta","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gambeta E, Chichorro JG, Zamponi GW (2020) Trigeminal neuralgia: an overview from pathophysiology to pharmacological treatments. Mol Pain 16:1744806920901890","journal-title":"Mol Pain"},{"issue":"8","key":"2408_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1080\/14737175.2024.2365946","volume":"24","author":"JV Pergolizzi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Pergolizzi JV, LeQuang JA, El-Tallawy SN, Wagner M, Ahmed RS, Varrassi G (2024) An update on pharmacotherapy for trigeminal neuralgia. Expert Rev Neurother 24(8):773\u2013786","journal-title":"Expert Rev Neurother"},{"key":"2408_CR4","first-page":"1207","volume":"2014","author":"JM Zakrzewska","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zakrzewska JM, Linskey ME (2014) Trigeminal neuralgia. BMJ Clin Evid 2014:1207","journal-title":"BMJ Clin Evid"},{"issue":"9","key":"2408_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(20)30233-7","volume":"19","author":"L Bendtsen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Bendtsen L, Zakrzewska JM, Heinskou TB, Maarbjerg S, Di Stefano G, Di Pietro G, Sorensen JCD, Cruccu G (2020) Advances in diagnosis, classification, pathophysiology, and management of trigeminal neuralgia. Lancet Neurol 19(9):784\u2013796","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2408_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000114867.98896.F0","volume":"54","author":"BC Lopez","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lopez BC, Hamlyn PJ, Zakrzewska JM (2004) Systematic review of ablative neurosurgical techniques for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia. Neurosurgery 54(4):973\u2013983","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"2408_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barker FG 2nd, Jannetta PJ, Bissonette DJ, Larkins MV, Jho HD (1996) The long-term outcome of microvascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia. N Engl J Med 334(17):1077\u20131083","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199604253341701"},{"issue":"6","key":"2408_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1304","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000159883.35957.E0","volume":"56","author":"JM Zakrzewska","year":"2005","unstructured":"Zakrzewska JM, Lopez BC, Kim SE, Coakham HB (2005) Patient reports of satisfaction after microvascular decompression and partial sensory rhizotomy for trigeminal neuralgia. Neurosurgery 56(6):1304\u20131312","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"6","key":"2408_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.3949\/ccjm.90a.22052","volume":"90","author":"MS Chong","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chong MS, Bahra A, Zakrzewska JM (2023) Guidelines for the management of trigeminal neuralgia. Cleve Clin J Med 90(6):355\u2013362","journal-title":"Cleve Clin J Med"},{"key":"2408_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society (IHS) (2018) The international classification of headache disorders, 3rd edition. Cephalalgia 38(1):1-211","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102417738202"},{"issue":"6","key":"2408_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1159\/000110284","volume":"10","author":"S Katusic","year":"1991","unstructured":"Katusic S, Williams DB, Beard CM, Bergstralh EJ, Kurland LT (1991) Epidemiology and clinical features of idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia and glossopharyngeal neuralgia: similarities and differences, Rochester, Minnesota, 1945\u20131984. Neuroepidemiology 10(6):276\u2013281","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"key":"2408_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mannerak MA, Lashkarivand A, Eide PK (2021) Trigeminal neuralgia and genetics: a systematic review. Mol Pain Jan-Dec;17:17448069211016139","DOI":"10.1177\/17448069211016139"},{"issue":"8","key":"2408_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102419897623","volume":"40","author":"G Di Stefano","year":"2020","unstructured":"Di Stefano G, Yuan JH, Cruccu G, Waxman SG, Dib-Hajj SD, Truini A (2020) Familial trigeminal neuralgia - a systematic clinical study with a genomic screen of the neuronal electrogenisome. Cephalalgia 40(8):767\u2013777","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"issue":"1","key":"2408_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1186\/1129-2377-15-42","volume":"15","author":"W Cui","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cui W, Yu X, Zhang H (2014) The serotonin transporter gene polymorphism is associated with the susceptibility and the pain severity in idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia patients. J Headache Pain 15(1):42","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"issue":"6","key":"2408_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13950","volume":"26","author":"L Bendtsen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bendtsen L, Zakrzewska JM, Abbott J, Braschinsky M, Di Stefano G, Donnet A, Eide PK, Leal PRL, Maarbjerg S, May A, Nobrega JC, Obermann M, Sorensen JCD, Cruccu G (2019) European academy of neurology guideline on trigeminal neuralgia. Eur J Neurol 26(6):831\u2013849","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2408_CR16","first-page":"187","volume":"15","author":"DS Luo","year":"2012","unstructured":"Luo DS, Zhang T, Zuo CX, Zuo ZF, Li H, Wu SX, Wang W, Li YQ (2012) An animal model for trigeminal neuralgia by compression of the trigeminal nerve root. Pain Physician 15(2):187\u2013196","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"issue":"8","key":"2408_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1893","DOI":"10.1007\/s11064-019-02824-2","volume":"44","author":"D Luo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Luo D, Lin R, Luo L, Li Q, Chen T, Xi K, Liu Y, Wu J, Zhang X, Xie Z (2019) Glial plasticity in the trigeminal root entry zone of a rat trigeminal neuralgia animal model. Neurochem Res 44(8):1893\u20131902","journal-title":"Neurochem Res"},{"key":"2408_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1059980","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2022.1059980","volume":"15","author":"LX Zhou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhou LX, Lin SW, Qiu RH, Du Y, Zhao QM, Wang Y, Ye JY, Qiao XW, Zhang SH (2022) Blood-nerve barrier disruption and coagulation system activation induced by mechanical compression injury participate in the peripheral sensitization of trigeminal neuralgia. Front Mol Neurosci 15:1059980","journal-title":"Front Mol Neurosci"},{"issue":"5","key":"2408_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e166408","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI166408","volume":"133","author":"W Ding","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ding W, Yang L, Chen Q, Chen J, Zhang H, Luo F, Li Z (2023) Highly synchronized cortical circuit dynamics mediate spontaneous pain in mice. J Clin Invest 133(5):e166408","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"11","key":"2408_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e168046","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.168046","volume":"8","author":"W Ding","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ding W, Yang L, Chen Q, Dai J, Chen J, Zhang H, Luo F, Li Z (2023) Foramen lacerum impingement of trigeminal nerve root as a rodent model for trigeminal neuralgia. JCI Insight 8(11):e168046","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"issue":"1","key":"2408_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-025-02234-6","volume":"27","author":"MW Abdulrahim","year":"2025","unstructured":"Abdulrahim MW, Chen Y, Nair SK, Xu Q, Zhang Y, Das O, Gensler R, Feghali J, Ahmed AK, Jackson CM, Huang J, Comair YG, Bettegowda C, Dong X, Xu R (2025) A mouse model of classical trigeminal neuralgia via intradural compression of the trigeminal nerve. J Headache Pain 27(1):34","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"issue":"6","key":"2408_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2008.07.008","volume":"13","author":"DK Ahn","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ahn DK, Lim EJ, Kim BC, Yang GY, Lee MK, Ju JS (2009) Compression of the trigeminal ganglion produces prolonged nociceptive behavior in rats. Eur J Pain 13(6):568\u2013575","journal-title":"Eur J Pain"},{"issue":"5 Pt 1","key":"2408_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2708","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.14-05-02708.1994","volume":"14","author":"BP Vos","year":"1994","unstructured":"Vos BP, Strassman AM, Maciewicz RJ (1994) Behavioral evidence of trigeminal neuropathic pain following chronic constriction injury to the rat\u2019s infraorbital nerve. J Neurosci 14(5 Pt 1):2708\u20132723","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"2408_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deseure K, Hans GH (2015) Chronic constriction injury of the rat\u2019s infraorbital nerve (IoN-CCI) to study trigeminal neuropathic pain. J Vis Exp (103):e53167","DOI":"10.3791\/53167"},{"issue":"8","key":"2408_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2017.02.427","volume":"18","author":"W Ding","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ding W, You Z, Shen S, Chen J, Yang L, Li Z (2017) An improved rodent model of trigeminal neuropathic pain by unilateral chronic constriction injury of distal infraorbital nerve. J Pain 18(8):899\u2013907","journal-title":"J Pain"},{"key":"2408_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Montera MA, Westlund KN (2021) Minimally invasive oral surgery induction of the FRICT-ION chronic neuropathic pain model. J Vis Exp (175)","DOI":"10.21769\/BioProtoc.3591"},{"issue":"6","key":"2408_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001518","volume":"160","author":"S Hardt","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hardt S, Fischer C, Vogel A, Wilken-Schmitz A, Tegeder I, Scholich K (2019) Distal infraorbital nerve injury: a model for persistent facial pain in mice. Pain 160(6):1431\u20131447","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"9","key":"2408_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034510374056","volume":"89","author":"SR Han","year":"2010","unstructured":"Han SR, Yeo SP, Lee MK, Bae YC, Ahn DK (2010) Early dexamethasone relieves trigeminal neuropathic pain. J Dent Res 89(9):915\u2013920","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"issue":"9","key":"2408_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2475","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2005.04089.x","volume":"21","author":"C Grelik","year":"2005","unstructured":"Grelik C, Bennett GJ, Ribeiro-da-Silva A (2005) Autonomic fibre sprouting and changes in nociceptive sensory innervation in the rat lower lip skin following chronic constriction injury. Eur J Neurosci 21(9):2475\u20132487","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"issue":"3","key":"2408_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0b013e3182245add","volume":"113","author":"JX An","year":"2011","unstructured":"An JX, He Y, Qian XY, Wang Y, Wang ZM, Cope DK, Williams JP (2011) A new animal model of trigeminal neuralgia produced by administration of cobra venom to the infraorbital nerve in the rat. Anesth Analg 113(3):652\u2013656","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"issue":"2","key":"2408_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(79)90006-X","volume":"7","author":"Y Sakai","year":"1979","unstructured":"Sakai Y, Nishijima Y, Mikuni N, Itoh T (1979) An experimental model of hyper-irritability in the trigeminal skin field of the rat. Pain 7(2):147\u2013157","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"Pt A","key":"2408_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.120311","volume":"353","author":"GN Qui\u00f1onez-Bastidas","year":"2025","unstructured":"Qui\u00f1onez-Bastidas GN, Rocha-Gonz\u00e1lez HI, Huerta-Cruz JC, Reyes-Garc\u00eda JG, Granados-Soto V (2025) Antinociceptive effect of salvinorin A from the extract of Salvia divinorum in formalin-evoked trigeminal pain behavior in mice: underlying mechanisms. J Ethnopharmacol 353(Pt A):120311","journal-title":"J Ethnopharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2408_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-025-02162-5","volume":"26","author":"ZY Wang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wang ZY, Ding YQ, Wen JM, Zheng BW, Zhang K, Qi JG (2025) Trigeminal root demyelination is sufficient to induce trigeminal neuralgia-like facial pain in adult rodents. J Headache Pain 26(1):264","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"2408_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105765","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2023.105765","volume":"154","author":"X Ma","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ma X, Zhu T, Ke J (2023) Progress in animal models of trigeminal neuralgia. Arch Oral Biol 154:105765","journal-title":"Arch Oral Biol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2408_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000409","volume":"157","author":"KC Thorburn","year":"2016","unstructured":"Thorburn KC, Paylor JW, Webber CA, Winship IR, Kerr BJ (2016) Facial hypersensitivity and trigeminal pathology in mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Pain 157(3):627\u2013642","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"1","key":"2408_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-017-0882-6","volume":"17","author":"C Stinson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Stinson C, Deng M, Yee MB, Bellinger DL, Kinchington PR, Kramer PR (2017) Sex differences underlying orofacial varicella zoster associated pain in rats. BMC Neurol 17(1):95","journal-title":"BMC Neurol"},{"issue":"10","key":"2408_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101552","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2020.101552","volume":"23","author":"W Dong","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dong W, Jin SC, Allocco A, Zeng X, Sheth SA, Chen S, Moss NS, Vining EM, Nottoli T, Mane S, Lifton RP, Gunel M (2020) Exome sequencing implicates impaired GABA signaling and neuronal ion transport in trigeminal neuralgia. iScience 23(10):101552","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"2408_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2836","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-021-02284-2","volume":"58","author":"Y Luo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Luo Y, Suttle A, Zhang Q, Wang P, Chen Y (2021) Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) Ion Channels in Orofacial Pain. Mol Neurobiol 58:2836\u20132850","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2408_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000003411","volume":"166","author":"M Alves-Sim\u00f5es","year":"2025","unstructured":"Alves-Sim\u00f5es M, Teege L, Tomni C, L\u00fcrkens M, Schmidt A, Iseppon F, Millet Q, K\u00fchs S, Katona I, Weis J, Heinemann SH, H\u00fcbner CA, Wood J, Leipold E, Kurth I, Haag N (2025) NaV1.8\/NaV1.9 double deletion mildly affects acute pain responses in mice. Pain 166(4):773\u2013792","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"2408_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1186\/1744-8069-2-33","volume":"2","author":"MA Nassar","year":"2006","unstructured":"Nassar MA, Baker MD, Levato A, Ingram R, Mallucci G, McMahon SB, Wood JN (2006) Nerve injury induces robust allodynia and ectopic discharges in Nav1.3 null mutant mice. Mol Pain 2:33","journal-title":"Mol Pain"},{"issue":"6","key":"2408_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-023-02808-w","volume":"475","author":"AM Alaklabi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Alaklabi AM, Gambeta E, Zamponi GW (2023) Electrophysiological characterization of a CaV3.1 calcium channel mutation linked to trigeminal neuralgia. Pflugers Arch 475(6):711\u2013718","journal-title":"Pflugers Arch"},{"issue":"12","key":"2408_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1734","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-017-0012-1","volume":"20","author":"E Rodriguez","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rodriguez E, Sakurai K, Xu J, Chen Y, Toda K, Zhao S, Han BX, Ryu D, Yin H, Liedtke W, Wang F (2017) A craniofacial-specific monosynaptic circuit enables heightened affective pain. Nat Neurosci 20(12):1734\u20131743","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"issue":"1","key":"2408_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-023-01669-z","volume":"24","author":"E Kc","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kc E, Islam J, Kim HK, Park YS (2023) GFAP-NpHR mediated optogenetic inhibition of trigeminal nucleus caudalis attenuates hypersensitive behaviors and thalamic discharge attributed to infraorbital nerve constriction injury. J Headache Pain 24(1):137","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"2408_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sun L, Wang JJ, Li XY, Lin XY, Li J, Yu QT, Wang ZH, Gao XP, Jin L, Li WK, Cheng TL, Deng J (2026) A Tac1-expressing brainstem pathway underlies the pathogenesis of trigeminal neuralgia. Adv Sci (Weinh) e16310","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202516310"},{"issue":"1","key":"2408_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-024-01849-5","volume":"25","author":"Y Du","year":"2024","unstructured":"Du Y, Lin SD, Wu XQ, Xue BY, Ding YL, Zhang JH, Tan B, Lou GD, Hu WW, Chen Z, Zhang SH (2024) Ventral posteromedial nucleus of the thalamus gates the spread of trigeminal neuropathic pain. J Headache Pain 25(1):140","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"issue":"1","key":"2408_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-026-02292-4","volume":"27","author":"S Mo","year":"2026","unstructured":"Mo S, Liu J, Li Y, Zhang Y, Song X, Fu K, Xie Q, Xu X, Cao Y (2026) Mechanisms of the trigeminal-lateral parabrachial-rostroventral medullary circuits involved in experimental occlusal interference induced chronic orofacial pain. J Headache Pain 27(1):65","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"issue":"5","key":"2408_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109936","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2021.109936","volume":"37","author":"L Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang L, Wang J, Niu C, Zhang Y, Zhu T, Huang D, Ma J, Sun H, Gamper N, Du X, Zhang H (2021) Activation of parabrachial nucleus-ventral tegmental area pathway underlies the comorbid depression in chronic neuropathic pain in mice. Cell Rep 37(5):109936","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"2408_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-021-01257-z","volume":"22","author":"KC Elina","year":"2021","unstructured":"Elina KC, Oh BH, Islam J, Kim S, Park YS (2021) Activation of CamKII\u03b1 expressing neurons on ventrolateral periaqueductal gray improves behavioral hypersensitivity and thalamic discharge in a trigeminal neuralgia rat model. J Headache Pain 22(1):47","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"key":"2408_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2026.107298","volume":"220","author":"L Zhang","year":"2026","unstructured":"Zhang L, Li F, Sun HX, Li H, Huang FS, Yin JB, Li YQ (2026) Activating the vlPAG-LC neural pathway alleviates neuropathic pain and comorbid anxiety-like behaviors through distinct projections. Neurobiol Dis 220:107298","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"2408_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1007\/s12017-023-08752-3","volume":"25","author":"J Islam","year":"2023","unstructured":"Islam J, Kc E, Kim S, Chung MY, Park KS, Kim HK, Park YS (2023) Optogenetic inhibition of glutamatergic neurons in the dysgranular posterior insular cortex modulates trigeminal neuropathic pain in CCI-ION rat. Neuromolecular Med 25(4):516\u2013532","journal-title":"Neuromolecular Med"},{"key":"2408_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107056","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2025.107056","volume":"215","author":"CH Liu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Liu CH, Feng HJ, Peng F, Wang S, Zhao LJ, Zhu H, Dou XY, Yuan T, Li C, Zhou N, Zhang WX, Wang XR, Dong YL (2025) Involvement of mediodorsal thalamus and its related neural circuit in pain regulation in mice. Neurobiol Dis 215:107056","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"2408_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.03.042","volume":"102","author":"KS Meda","year":"2019","unstructured":"Meda KS, Patel T, Braz JM, Malik R, Turner ML, Seifikar H, Basbaum AI, Sohal VS (2019) Microcircuit mechanisms through which mediodorsal thalamic input to anterior cingulate cortex exacerbates pain-related aversion. Neuron 102(5):944\u2013959e3","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"11","key":"2408_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2529","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000003647","volume":"166","author":"S Liu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Liu S, Crawford J, Maltezos H, Sun Y, Tao R, Tao F (2025) A glutamatergic brain neural circuit is critical for modulating trigeminal neuropathic pain. Pain 166(11):2529\u20132540","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"2408_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106699","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2024.106699","volume":"202","author":"D Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li D, Mai JW, Deng J, Chen L, Fan HT, Zhang WL, Xin WJ, Feng X, Xu T, Luo DX (2024) A neural circuit from thalamic paraventricular nucleus via zona incerta to periaqueductal gray for the facilitation of neuropathic pain. Neurobiol Dis 202:106699","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"2408_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-023-01748-4","volume":"49","author":"QQ Tang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tang QQ, Wu Y, Tao Q, Shen Y, An X, Liu D, Xu Z (2024) Direct paraventricular thalamus-basolateral amygdala circuit modulates neuropathic pain and emotional anxiety. Neuropsychopharmacology 49(2):455\u2013466","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"3","key":"2408_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eadj4196","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adj4196","volume":"10","author":"SS Lv","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lv SS, Lv XJ, Cai YQ, Hou XY, Zhang ZZ, Wang GH, Chen LQ, Lv N, Zhang YQ (2024) Corticotropin-releasing hormone neurons control trigeminal neuralgia-induced anxiodepression via a hippocampus-to-prefrontal circuit. Sci Adv 10(3):eadj4196","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"issue":"11","key":"2408_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2022.111333","volume":"40","author":"M Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li M, Zhou H, Teng S, Yang G (2022) Activation of VIP interneurons in the prefrontal cortex ameliorates neuropathic pain aversiveness. Cell Rep 40(11):111333","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"issue":"10","key":"2408_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1659","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-019-0481-5","volume":"22","author":"J Huang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Huang J, Gadotti VM, Chen L, Souza IA, Huang S, Wang D, Ramakrishnan C, Deisseroth K, Zhang Z, Zamponi GW (2019) A neuronal circuit for activating descending modulation of neuropathic pain. Nat Neurosci 22(10):1659\u20131668","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"issue":"12","key":"2408_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107812","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2020.107812","volume":"31","author":"S Huang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Huang S, Zhang Z, Gambeta E, Xu SC, Thomas C, Godfrey N, Chen L, M\u2019Dahoma S, Borgland SL, Zamponi GW (2020) Dopamine inputs from the ventral tegmental area into the medial prefrontal cortex modulate neuropathic pain-associated behaviors in mice. Cell Rep 31(12):107812","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"2408_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e3003170","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.3003170","volume":"23","author":"ST Bao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Bao ST, Rao F, Yin C, Niu Y, Cao JL, Xiao C, Zhou C (2025) Excitatory projections from the nucleus reuniens to the medial prefrontal cortex modulate pain and depression-like behaviors in mice. PLoS Biol 23(5):e3003170","journal-title":"PLoS Biol"},{"key":"2408_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li Z, Si T, Gao L, Meng Y, Su X, Tao L, Zhang J, Hu Z, Ge Y, Meng X, Cao J (2026) The medial orbitofrontal cortex mediates neuropathic pain and anxiodepressive-like behaviors via two distinct pathways. J Headache Pain","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-8000273\/v1"},{"issue":"2","key":"2408_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2009.08.037","volume":"164","author":"SR Siqueira","year":"2009","unstructured":"Siqueira SR, Alves B, Malpartida HM, Teixeira MJ, Siqueira JT (2009) Abnormal expression of voltage-gated sodium channels Nav1.7, Nav1.3 and Nav1.8 in trigeminal neuralgia. Neuroscience 164(2):573\u2013577","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"12","key":"2408_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1097\/WNR.0000000000000632","volume":"27","author":"W Xu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Xu W, Zhang J, Wang Y, Wang L, Wang X (2016) Changes in the expression of voltage-gated sodium channels Nav1.3, Nav1.7, Nav1.8, and Nav1.9 in rat trigeminal ganglia following chronic constriction injury. NeuroReport 27(12):929\u2013934","journal-title":"NeuroReport"},{"issue":"10","key":"2408_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1080\/00207454.2019.1595616","volume":"129","author":"M Liu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Liu M, Zhong J, Xia L, Dou N, Li S (2019) The expression of voltage-gated sodium channels in trigeminal nerve following chronic constriction injury in rats. Int J Neurosci 129(10):955\u2013962","journal-title":"Int J Neurosci"},{"key":"2408_CR65","first-page":"72","volume":"11","author":"AP Luiz","year":"2015","unstructured":"Luiz AP, Kopach O, Santana-Varela S, Wood JN (2015) The role of Nav1.9 channel in the development of neuropathic orofacial pain associated with trigeminal neuralgia. Mol Pain 11:72","journal-title":"Mol Pain"},{"key":"2408_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.2119\/molmed.2016.00131","volume":"22","author":"BS Tanaka","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tanaka BS, Zhao P, Dib-Hajj FB, Morisset V, Tate S, Waxman SG, Dib-Hajj SD (2016) A gain-of-function mutation in Nav1.6 in a case of trigeminal neuralgia. Mol Med 22:338\u2013348","journal-title":"Mol Med"},{"key":"2408_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/1744-8069-5-7","volume":"5","author":"AK Persson","year":"2009","unstructured":"Persson AK, Gebauer M, Jordan S, Metz-Weidmann C, Schulte AM, Schneider HC et al (2009) Correlational analysis for identifying genes whose regulation contributes to chronic neuropathic pain. Mol Pain 5:7","journal-title":"Mol Pain"},{"issue":"6","key":"2408_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.03.064","volume":"157","author":"JH Lee","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lee JH, Park CK, Chen G, Han Q, Xie RG, Liu T et al (2014) A monoclonal antibody that targets a NaV1.7 channel voltage sensor for pain and itch relief. Cell 157(6):1393\u20131404","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"12","key":"2408_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2315","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000002651","volume":"163","author":"E Gambeta","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gambeta E, Gandini MA, Souza IA, Zamponi GW (2022) CaV3.2 calcium channels contribute to trigeminal neuralgia. Pain 163(12):2315\u20132325","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"12","key":"2408_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1166","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000002652","volume":"163","author":"K Gomez","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gomez K, Khanna R (2022) CaV3.2 calcium channels: new players in facial pain. Pain 163(12):e1166\u2013e1168","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"1","key":"2408_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/s13041-020-00725-y","volume":"14","author":"E Gambeta","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gambeta E, Gandini MA, Souza IA, Ferron L, Zamponi GW (2021) A CACNA1A variant associated with trigeminal neuralgia alters the gating of Cav2.1 channels. Mol Brain 14(1):4","journal-title":"Mol Brain"},{"issue":"1","key":"2408_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410270114","volume":"27","author":"S Katusic","year":"1990","unstructured":"Katusic S, Beard CM, Bergstralh E (1990) Incidence and clinical features of trigeminal neuralgia, Rochester, Minnesota, 1945\u20131984. Ann Neurol 27(1):89\u201395","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"10","key":"2408_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1574","DOI":"10.1111\/head.12441","volume":"54","author":"S Maarbjerg","year":"2014","unstructured":"Maarbjerg S, Gozalov A, Olesen J et al (2014) Trigeminal neuralgia\u2014a prospective systematic study of clinical characteristics in 158 patients. Headache 54(10):1574\u20131582","journal-title":"Headache"},{"key":"2408_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2763","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-023-06775-z","volume":"44","author":"G De Stefano","year":"2023","unstructured":"De Stefano G, Litewczuk D, Mollica C (2023) Sex differences in trigeminal neuralgia: a focus on radiological and clinical characteristics. Neurol Sci 44:2763\u20132770","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"2408_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e899","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000002604","volume":"163","author":"S Kaur","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kaur S, Hickman TM, Lopez-Ramirez A (2022) Estrogen modulation of the pronociceptive effects of serotonin on female rat trigeminal sensory neurons is timing dependent and dosage dependent and requires estrogen receptor alpha. Pain 163(8):e899\u2013e916","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"8","key":"2408_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116028","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2025.116028","volume":"44","author":"R Qi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Qi R, Tao Y, Wang S, Li J, Zhang Y, Chen X, Wang Y (2025) PRMT2-mediated upregulation of miR-323-3p in sensory neurons promotes trigeminal neuropathic pain by targeting Kv2.1 channels. Cell Rep 44(8):116028","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"2408_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144811","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2025.144811","volume":"317","author":"J Lin","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lin J, Fang X, Ou M, Wang H, Zhang Y, Li S (2025) Glial inwardly rectifying potassium channel 4.1 regulates secretion of BDNF and GDNF via ERK1\/2 MAP kinases in trigeminal neuropathic pain. Int J Biol Macromol 317(Pt 1):144811","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"issue":"Pt 5","key":"2408_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aww038","volume":"139","author":"G Trevisan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Trevisan G, Benemei S, Materazzi S, De Logu F, De Siena G, Fusi C, Forte M, Maddalena G, Patacchini R, Coppi E, Geppetti P (2016) TRPA1 mediates trigeminal neuropathic pain in mice downstream of monocytes\/macrophages and oxidative stress. Brain 139(Pt 5):1361\u20131377","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"3","key":"2408_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102645","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2026.102645","volume":"7","author":"K Deseure","year":"2026","unstructured":"Deseure K, Dallali I, Pinto S, Hans G, Vissers K (2026) TRPM3 mediates spontaneous pain and mechanical allodynia in a mouse model of chronic orofacial neuropathy. Cell Rep Med 7(3):102645","journal-title":"Cell Rep Med"},{"issue":"38","key":"2408_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2119630119","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2119630119","volume":"119","author":"R Gualdani","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gualdani R, Gailly P, Yuan JH, Tajeddine N (2022) A TRPM7 mutation linked to familial trigeminal neuralgia: Omega current and hyperexcitability of trigeminal ganglion neurons. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 119(38):e2119630119","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"5","key":"2408_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e161507","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI161507","volume":"133","author":"X Hu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hu X, Du L, Liu S, Lan L, Cao K, Feng J, Liu T, Li L, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Xu L, Xu Y, Jiang W (2023) A TRPV4-dependent neuroimmune axis in the spinal cord promotes neuropathic pain. J Clin Invest 133(5):e161507","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2408_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107581","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2020.107581","volume":"212","author":"BC Jiang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jiang BC, Liu T, Gao YJ (2020) Chemokines in chronic pain: cellular and molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Pharmacol Ther 212:107581","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"2408_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1102","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-017-0552-2","volume":"40","author":"P Zhang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhang P, Gan YH (2017) Prostaglandin E2 Upregulated Trigeminal Ganglionic Sodium Channel 1.7 Involving Temporomandibular Joint Inflammatory Pain in Rats. Inflammation 40(3):1102\u20131109","journal-title":"Inflammation"},{"key":"2408_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2014.05.014","volume":"261","author":"DL Cao","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cao DL, Zhang ZJ, Xie RG, Jiang BC, Ji RR, Gao YJ (2014) Chemokine CXCL1 enhances inflammatory pain and increases NMDA receptor activity and COX-2 expression in spinal cord neurons via activation of CXCR2. Exp Neurol 261:328\u2013336","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2408_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI81950","volume":"126","author":"BC Jiang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Jiang BC, Cao DL, Zhang X, Zhang ZJ, He LN, Li CH, Zhang WW, Wu XB, Berta T, Ji RR, Gao YJ (2016) CXCL13 drives spinal astrocyte activation and neuropathic pain via CXCR5. J Clin Invest 126(2):745\u2013761","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"4","key":"2408_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1007\/s12264-019-00377-6","volume":"35","author":"XB Wu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wu XB, He LN, Jiang BC, Wang X, Lu YG, Gao YJ (2019) Increased CXCL13 and CXCR5 in Anterior Cingulate Cortex Contributes to Neuropathic Pain-Related Conditioned Place Aversion. Neurosci Bull 35(4):613\u2013623","journal-title":"Neurosci Bull"},{"key":"2408_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2014.00121","volume":"8","author":"AK Clark","year":"2014","unstructured":"Clark AK, Malcangio M (2014) Fractalkine\/CX3CR1 signaling during neuropathic pain. Front Cell Neurosci 8:121","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci"},{"issue":"13","key":"2408_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7065","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23137065","volume":"23","author":"F Bai","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bai F, Song Y, Cao Y, Ma Y, Liu Y, Li J, Zhang J, Wang Y (2022) Scorpion Neurotoxin Syb-prII-1 Exerts Analgesic Effect through Nav1.8 Channel and MAPKs Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 23(13):7065","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"31","key":"2408_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eabo5633","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abo5633","volume":"8","author":"C Vasavda","year":"2022","unstructured":"Vasavda C, Xu R, Liew J, Kothari R, Kuo A, Rojas R, Welsbie D, Serra R, Liddelow SA, Dillin A, Barres BA, Goldberg JL (2022) Identification of the NRF2 transcriptional network as a therapeutic target for trigeminal neuropathic pain. Sci Adv 8(31):eabo5633","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"issue":"10","key":"2408_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.14339","volume":"176","author":"BN Okine","year":"2019","unstructured":"Okine BN, Gaspar JC, Finn DP (2019) PPARs and pain. Br J Pharmacol 176(10):1421\u20131442","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2408_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-025-02093-1","volume":"26","author":"XY Guan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Guan XY, Yuan BT, Li MN, Liu X, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Li S (2025) Promoter demethylation of cerebellin 2 by ten-eleven translocation 3 contributes to peripheral sensitization in trigeminal neuropathic pain of mice. J Headache Pain 26(1):160","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"issue":"1","key":"2408_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-025-02218-6","volume":"26","author":"H Wang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wang H, Huang M, Huang Y, Chen Z, Wang L, Zhang J, Li Y (2025) L3MBTL2 as a novel therapeutic target for trigeminal neuralgia: evidence from integrated TWAS, multi-tissue MR, and experimental validation. J Headache Pain 26(1):285","journal-title":"J Headache Pain"},{"issue":"1","key":"2408_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2007.04.019","volume":"53","author":"YC Liang","year":"2007","unstructured":"Liang YC, Huang CC, Hsu KS (2007) The synthetic cannabinoids attenuate allodynia and hyperalgesia in a rat model of trigeminal neuropathic pain. Neuropharmacology 53(1):169\u2013177","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"issue":"23","key":"2408_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1943","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13231943","volume":"13","author":"S Ma","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ma S, Nakamura Y, Uemoto S, Yamamoto K, Hisaoka-Nakashima K, Morioka N (2024) Intranasal Treatment with Cannabinoid 2 Receptor Agonist HU-308 Ameliorates Cold Sensitivity in Mice with Traumatic Trigeminal Neuropathic Pain. Cells 13(23):1943","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"2408_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-024-00523-z","volume":"10","author":"S Ashina","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ashina S, Robertson CE, Srikiatkhachorn A (2024) Trigeminal neuralgia. Nat Rev Dis Primers 10:39","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"issue":"14","key":"2408_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-018-0964-9","volume":"78","author":"G Di Stefano","year":"2018","unstructured":"Di Stefano G, Truini A, Cruccu G (2018) Current and Innovative Pharmacological Options to Treat Typical and Atypical Trigeminal Neuralgia. Drugs 78(14):1433\u20131442","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"issue":"2","key":"2408_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159X17666191010094350","volume":"18","author":"EI Araya","year":"2020","unstructured":"Araya EI, Claudino RF, Piovesan EJ, Chichorro JG (2020) Trigeminal Neuralgia: Basic and Clinical Aspects. Curr Neuropharmacol 18(2):109\u2013119","journal-title":"Curr Neuropharmacol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2408_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.39.4.592","volume":"39","author":"MA Mikati","year":"1989","unstructured":"Mikati MA, Browne TR, Collins JF (1989) Time course of carbamazepine autoinduction. The VA Cooperative Study 118 Group. Neurology 39(4):592\u2013594","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"3","key":"2408_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2125.1989.tb05371.x","volume":"27","author":"JG Larkin","year":"1989","unstructured":"Larkin JG, McLellan A, Munday A, Sutherland M, Butler E, Brodie MJ (1989) A double-blind comparison of conventional and controlled-release carbamazepine in healthy subjects. Br J Clin Pharmacol 27(3):313\u2013322","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"6","key":"2408_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1994.tb01793.x","volume":"35","author":"H Liu","year":"1994","unstructured":"Liu H, Delgado MR (1994) A comprehensive study of the relation between serum concentrations, concentration ratios, and level\/dose ratios of carbamazepine and its metabolites with age, weight, dose, and clearances in epileptic children. Epilepsia 35(6):1221\u20131229","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"2","key":"2408_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1985.tb05395.x","volume":"26","author":"MJ Dalton","year":"1985","unstructured":"Dalton MJ, Powell JR, Messenheimer JA Jr (1985) The influence of cimetidine on single-dose carbamazepine pharmacokinetics. Epilepsia 26(2):127\u2013130","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"11","key":"2408_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.1996.tb01031.x","volume":"37","author":"JP Leach","year":"1996","unstructured":"Leach JP, Blacklaw J, Jamieson V, Jones T, Richens A, Brodie MJ (1996) Mutual interaction between remacemide hydrochloride and carbamazepine: two drugs with active metabolites. Epilepsia 37(11):1100\u20131106","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"10","key":"2408_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2606","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11102606","volume":"11","author":"MH Rana","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rana MH, Khan AAG, Khalid I (2023) Therapeutic Approach for Trigeminal Neuralgia: A Systematic Review. Biomedicines 11(10):2606","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"issue":"2","key":"2408_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(99)00468-6","volume":"95","author":"MO Cunningham","year":"2000","unstructured":"Cunningham MO, Dhillon A, Wood SJ, Jones RS (2000) Reciprocal modulation of glutamate and GABA release may underlie the anticonvulsant effect of phenytoin. Neuroscience 95(2):343\u2013351","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"14","key":"2408_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-023-01927-z","volume":"83","author":"M Romero-Reyes","year":"2023","unstructured":"Romero-Reyes M, Arman S, Teruel A, Kumar S, Hawkins J, Akerman S (2023) Pharmacological Management of Orofacial Pain. Drugs 83(14):1269\u20131292","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"issue":"17","key":"2408_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1394","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.067331","volume":"149","author":"CP Regan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Regan CP, Morissette P, Kraus RL, Wang ER, Arrington L, Vavrek M, de Hoon J, Depre M, Lodeweyck T, Demeyer I, Laethem T, Stoch A, Struyk A (2024) Autonomic dysfunction linked to inhibition of the NaV1.7 sodium channel. Circulation 149(17):1394\u20131396","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2408_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.3344\/kjp.26057","volume":"39","author":"K Kim","year":"2026","unstructured":"Kim K (2026) Suzetrigine: a novel allosteric voltage-gated sodium 1.8 channel inhibitor, thereby stabilizing the closed state of the channel. Korean J Pain 39:151\u2013155","journal-title":"Korean J Pain"},{"issue":"11","key":"2408_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"994","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(22)00294-0","volume":"21","author":"AS Schott Andersen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Schott Andersen AS, Maarbjerg S, Noory N (2022) Safety and efficacy of erenumab in patients with trigeminal neuralgia in Denmark: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, proof-of-concept study. Lancet Neurol 21(11):994\u20131003","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"2408_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108668","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2024.108668","volume":"259","author":"A Bagues","year":"2024","unstructured":"Bagues A, Hu J, Alshanqiti I, Chung MK (2024) Neurobiological mechanisms of botulinum neurotoxin-induced analgesia for neuropathic pain. Pharmacol Ther 259:108668","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"12","key":"2408_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1619","DOI":"10.3390\/ph17121619","volume":"17","author":"GN Qui\u00f1onez-Bastidas","year":"2024","unstructured":"Qui\u00f1onez-Bastidas GN, Grijalva-Contreras LE, Pati\u00f1o-Camacho SI, Navarrete A (2024) Emerging Psychotropic Drug for the Treatment of Trigeminal Pain: Salvinorin A. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 17(12):1619","journal-title":"Pharmaceuticals (Basel)"},{"issue":"3","key":"2408_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000001480","volume":"39","author":"JI Stern","year":"2026","unstructured":"Stern JI, Chiang CC, Robertson CE (2026) Medical management of refractory trigeminal neuralgia. Curr Opin Neurol 39(3):319\u2013325","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2408_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4027","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.5c12628","volume":"20","author":"G Wang","year":"2026","unstructured":"Wang G, Kong X, Li X, Chen C (2026) Rabies Virus Glycoprotein-Decorated Liposomes in Thermosensitive Nasal Spray Gels: Facilitating Retrograde Neural Transport for Targeted Trigeminal Neuralgia Therapy. ACS Nano 20(5):4027\u20134045","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"issue":"25","key":"2408_CR113","first-page":"825","volume":"121","author":"R Ahmadi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ahmadi R, Kuner R, Weidner N, Ke\u00dfler J, Bendszus M, Krieg SM (2024) The Diagnosis and Treatment of Neuropathic Pain. Dtsch Arztebl Int 121(25):825\u2013832","journal-title":"Dtsch Arztebl Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"2408_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/14737175.2021.2001328","volume":"22","author":"JL Clay","year":"2022","unstructured":"Clay JL, Fountain NB (2022) A critical review of fosphenytoin sodium injection for the treatment of status epilepticus in adults and children. Expert Rev Neurother 22(1):1\u201313","journal-title":"Expert Rev Neurother"},{"issue":"9","key":"2408_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-021-00827-8","volume":"35","author":"W L\u00f6scher","year":"2021","unstructured":"L\u00f6scher W, Klein P (2021) The Pharmacology and Clinical Efficacy of Antiseizure Medications: From Bromide Salts to Cenobamate and Beyond. CNS Drugs 35(9):935\u2013963","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"issue":"2","key":"2408_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70121","DOI":"10.1002\/cph4.70121","volume":"16","author":"NJ Chan","year":"2026","unstructured":"Chan NJ, Yuan ZF, Kuo CC, Hsu CC (2026) Inhaled 5-HT1B\/1D Receptor Antagonist Attenuates Sumatriptan-Induced Sensitization of Capsaicin-Sensitive Lung Vagal Afferents: Implications for Preventing Sumatriptan-Associated Adverse Chest Symptoms. Compr Physiol 16(2):e70121","journal-title":"Compr Physiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2408_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-024-01387-2","volume":"25","author":"JI Stern","year":"2024","unstructured":"Stern JI, Ali R, Chiang CC, Robertson CE (2024) Pathophysiology and Management of Refractory Trigeminal Neuralgia. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 25(1):10","journal-title":"Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"2408_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.64719\/pb.4504","volume":"54","author":"H Onyeaka","year":"2024","unstructured":"Onyeaka H, Adeola J, Xu R (2024) Intravenous Magnesium for the Management of Chronic Pain:An Updated Review of the Literature. Psychopharmacol Bull 54(4):81\u2013105","journal-title":"Psychopharmacol Bull"},{"key":"2408_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ray L, Gottlieb M, Long B, Riscinti M, Rech MA (2026) Regional anesthesia in the emergency department: a review of key pharmacotherapeutic considerations. Am J Emerg Med 0735\u20136757","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2026.04.003"},{"key":"2408_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2020.106397","volume":"200","author":"CA Smith","year":"2021","unstructured":"Smith CA, Paskhover B, Mammis A (2021) Molecular mechanisms of trigeminal neuralgia: A systematic review. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 200:106397","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg"},{"issue":"12","key":"2408_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2951","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.12645","volume":"171","author":"N Percie du Sert","year":"2014","unstructured":"Percie du Sert N, Rice ASC (2014) Improving the translation of analgesic drugs to the clinic: animal models of neuropathic pain. Br J Pharmacol 171(12):2951\u20132963","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"issue":"632","key":"2408_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eabj8186","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abj8186","volume":"14","author":"D Tavares-Ferreira","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tavares-Ferreira D, Shiers S, Ray PR, Wangzhou A, Jeevakumar V, Sankaranarayanan I, Cervantes AM, Reese JC, Chamessian A, Copits BA, Dougherty PM, Gereau RWIV, Burton MD, Dussor G, Price TJ (2022) Spatial transcriptomics of dorsal root ganglia identifies molecular signatures of human nociceptors. Sci Transl Med 14(632):eabj8186","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2408_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.1c04641","volume":"94","author":"Z Ao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ao Z, Cai H, Wu Z, Krzesniak J, Tian C, Lai YY, Mackie K, Guo F (2022) Human spinal organoid-on-a-chip to model nociceptive circuitry for pain therapeutics discovery. Anal Chem 94(2):1365\u20131372","journal-title":"Anal Chem"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Headache and Pain"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1186\/s10194-026-02408-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s10194-026-02408-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1186\/s10194-026-02408-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T00:07:26Z","timestamp":1785888446000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1186\/s10194-026-02408-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]]},"references-count":123,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2408"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s10194-026-02408-w","relation":{},"ISSN":["1129-2377"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1129-2377","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 April 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 May 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 May 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Not applicable.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethical approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"197"}}